1. IGIKORWA CY'INGENZI

Igice cy'umuringa cya chimique gikoreshwa mugukura mu buryo butaziguye imirongo yaho ku buso butarimo umurongo ufashijwe na infashanyo yinyongera.

Uburyo bwo kongerera hamwe mubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko burashobora kugabanywamo byuzuye, igice cyongeyeho no kongeramo igice nubundi buryo butandukanye.

2. Inyuma, Backplanes

Nibyimbye (nka 0.093 ", 0.125") Ikibaho cyumuzunguruko, cyakoreshejwe cyane cyane mugucomeka no guhuza izindi mbaho. Ibi bikorwa mu kwinjiza umuhuza winshi mu mwobo ufunze, ariko ntabwo no kugurisha umwe umwe muri wire aho umuhuza anyura mu Nama. Umuhuza arashobora kwinjizwa ku kibaho rusange. Bitewe n'iki ni ikibaho kidasanzwe, 'unyuze mu mwobo ntigishobora kuguru, kureka ngo hatabaho inkenga.

3. Kwiyubaka

Uyu ni umurima mushya wo gukora kuri benshi, kumurikirwa hakiri kare bikomoka kubikorwa bya SLC, mu musaruro wa Yasu watangiye mu 1989, inzira ya mbere yo gusiganwa ku buryo budasanzwe. . Gusubiramo inshuro nyinshi bizatanga umusaruro usabwa. Ubu buryo ntibushobora kwirinda gusa ikiguzi gihenze cyo gucukura imashini, ariko nanone kugabanya umwobo wa diametteri kugeza munsi ya 10mil. Mu myaka 5 ~ 6, ubwoko bwose bwo kumena uruganda gakondo yatsinze ikoranabuhanga mu miliyari ikurikirana, mu nganda zi Burayi ryatsinze, dushyireho inzira yo kubaka, ibicuruzwa biriho byashyizwe ku rutonde abantu barenga 10. Usibye "porestike ya pores"; Nyuma yo gukuraho igifuniko cy'umuringa gifite umwobo, uburyo butandukanye "ku buryo bwo gushinga imizi nk'akagari cya Alkaline, Laser atching, na esching ya plasma byemejwe ku masahani kama. Byongeye kandi, ibisigisigi bishya byanditseho umuringa (resin yanditseho umuringa) yashizwemo na serivise ya esin nayo ishobora gukoreshwa mugukora isahani yoroheje, ntoya kandi yoroheje hamwe namatara akurikiranye. Mugihe kizaza, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byihariye bya elegitoroniki bizahinduka ubu buryo bwuzuye kandi bugufi bwinama yuburiri.

4. Cermet

Ifu ya Ceramic hamwe nifu yicyuma bivanze, kandi ifatika yongerwaho nkubwoko bwo gutwikira, bushobora gucamo ibice byumuzunguruko (cyangwa urwego rwimbere) na firime yoroheje, aho kuba umujinya wo hanze mugihe cyo guterana.

5. Co-kurasa

Ninzira yo kuzenguruka ibicuruzwa bya Porcelain. Imirongo yumuzunguruko ya firime yuzuye paste yububiko butandukanye bwanditse bwacapwe hejuru yinama nto yirukanwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Abatwara amahame ngengabuzima muri paste yuzuye

6. Kwambuka

Gukambuka inshuro eshatu insinga ebyiri hejuru yubuyobozi no kuzura uburyo bwo guhinduranya hagati yintoki yitwa. Mubisanzwe, irangi rimwe ryicyatsi kibisi wongeyeho firime ya karubone, cyangwa uburyo bwo hejuru hejuru no munsi yinyoni ni "kwambuka".

7. Ikibaho-uwinginga

Irindi jambo ryinama yinganda nyinshi, rikozwe mu ruziga rusambanya insinga zometse ku kibaho kandi gituje ku mwobo. Imikorere yubu bwoko bwibibaho byinshi mumurongo woherezamo inshuro nyinshi nibyiza kurenza umurongo karemano yakubise pcb isanzwe.

8. Ingamba za Dyco

Isosiyete ya ERYCERLANDA Dyconex yateguye kwiyubaka muri Zurich. Nuburyo bwateganijwe kugirango ukureho umuringa kumwanya wimyobo ya mbere hejuru yisahani, hanyuma uyashyire muri chisma zikora cyane, hanyuma ukayuzuza crosma zikora cyane, hanyuma ubyukemo ibikoresho byingenzi byimyanya yimyanya itoroshye kandi bikaba munsi yimyobo ituyobora (munsi ya 10mil). Inzira yubucuruzi yitwa Dycostrate.

9. Poleresist ya electro

Gufotoza amashanyarazi, Gufotoza electrophoretic nuburyo bushya bwo kubaka "uburyo bwo kubanga" bushya, bwakoreshejwe muburyo bwicyuma kitoroshye "amarangi y'amashanyarazi", aherutse gutangizwa kuri "ifoto". Hifashishijwe amashanyarazi, ibice bya colloidal bishyuwe bya posita byashinjwaga resin yishyuwe neza ku buso bwumuringa winama yumuzunguruko nkuko inibitor ya ETHIT. Kugeza ubu, byakoreshejwe mubyasaga rusange mugikorwa cyumuringa utagira ingano yo kurambirwa imbere. Ubu bwoko bwa fotosist irashobora gushyirwa muri anode cyangwa cathode muburyo butandukanye nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, bitwa "antode fonist" na "capitast". Dukurikije ihame ritandukanye ryamafoto, hariho "Polymensitation" (gukora nabi) na "kubora amafoto" (gukora neza "nubundi bwoko bubiri. Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bubi bwamafoto ya ed yakuweho, ariko birashobora gukoreshwa gusa nkumuntu wo kurwanya uwirwanya. Kubera ingorane zo gufotora mu mwobo, ntishobora gukoreshwa mugushushanya amashusho yinyuma. Naho "Nziza Ed", ishobora gukoreshwa nkumukozi wamafoto yisahani (kubera iperereza ryubuyapani, kuko umusaruro wifoto utagira ingaruka) kuburyo umusaruro woroheje ushobora kugerwaho byoroshye. Ijambo naryo ryitwa afotografiya.

10. Kugarura Umuyobora

Nubuyobozi bwihariye bwumuzunguruko bugororotse rwose kugaragara no gukanda umurongo wose wayobora mu isahani. Imyitozo yinama imwe ni ugukoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amashusho kuri etch igice cyumuringa wubutaka bwubutaka bwikigo gifatiro gikomeye. Ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe bukabije buzaba umurongo winama muri parafu igoye, icyarimwe kugirango urangize isahani yo gukomera, kumurongo ugana hejuru hamwe ninama yose yumuriro. Mubisanzwe, igice cyumuringa cyoroheje cyarumiwe hejuru yumuzunguruko kugirango icskel ya 5.3mil, onch layer, cyangwa umurima wa zahabu 10 urashobora gutondeka kugirango utange umubonano noroshye kunyerera mugihe cyo kunyerera. Ariko, ubu buryo ntibukwiye gukoreshwa kuri Pth, kugirango wirinde umwobo uturika mugihe uhagaritse. Ntibyoroshye kugera ku buso bunoze bwinama, kandi ntigomba gukoreshwa ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, mugihe resin yagutse hanyuma ugasunika umurongo hanze yubuso. Bizwi kandi nka etchand-gusunika, ikibaho cyarangiye cyitwa Flush-Boush-Boush-Boedy kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byihariye nka Rotary Shotrike no Guhuza imibonano mpuzabitsina.

11. Frit

Muri firime ya poly yuzuye (PTF) gucapa paste, hiyongereyeho imiti yicyuma iracyakenewe kongerwaho kugirango ukingire ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kugirango ucapishe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kugirango ushireho ubushyuhe bwa ceramit.

12. IGIKORWA CY'UBUCURUZI BWO

Iri ku rupapuro rwubukwe bwuzuye, nta electrodepossion yuburyo bwibyuma (umubare munini ni umuringa wa chimique), gukura kwimyitozo yo guhitamo, indi mvugo idakwiye ni "amashanyarazi".

13. Hybrid Circrashit

Nibice bito bya porcelain, muburyo bwo gucapa kugirango ukoreshe ibyuma byicyubahiro bitwara umurongo wino, hanyuma nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa Ink ibinyabuzima byaka, kandi birashobora gukora umurongo uhuza ibice byo gusudira. Nubwoko bwumuzunguruko wikoranabuhanga rya firime ryinshi hagati yinama yumuriro wacapwe hamwe na semiconductor igikoresho cyumuzunguruko. Mbere yakoreshwaga mu gisirikare cyangwa inshuro nyinshi, Hybrid yakuze cyane mu myaka yashize kubera igiciro kinini, igabanuka ku musaruro wa gisirikare, ndetse no kugorana ibikorwa byikora, ndetse no kwiyongera k'umusaruro wa gikora.

14. Interposer

Interposer yerekeza ku bice byose byitwara abayobora bitwawe n'umubiri wo kugateganywaho wongeyeho ko hari ukuntu bahinduye umwuka uyobora ahantu ho kuba bayobora. Kurugero, mu mwobo wambaye ubusa ya plate nyinshi, ibikoresho nko kuzuza paste ya silver cyangwa umuringa kugirango usimbuze urukuta rwumuringa, cyangwa ibikoresho nkibikoresho bidasubirwaho, ababanjirije ubu bwoko.

15. Laser Iman (LI)

Nukubura isahani yometse kuri firime yumye, ntagikoresha ibintu bibi byo kwimura amashusho, ariko aho kuba mudasobwa ya laser igitambaro, kuri firime yumye yo gusikana amasoko yihuta. Urukuta rwo kuruhande rwa firime yumye nyuma yo gutekereza cyane ruhagaritse kuko urumuri rwasohotse rusangira urumuri rumwe rwibanze. Ariko, uburyo bushobora gukora kuri buri kibaho kugiti cye, bityo umuvuduko rusange wumusaruro wihuta kuruta gukoresha firime nubusa. LDI irashobora kubyara inama 30 gusa yubunini buciriritse kumasaha, bityo irashobora gusa kugaragara murwego rwicyiciro cyigiciro cyangwa igiciro cyinshi. Bitewe nigiciro kinini cyo kuvuka, biragoye kuzamura mu nganda

16.Laser maching

Mu nganda za elegitoroniki, hari byinshi bitunganya neza, nko gutema, gushushanya, gusudira, nibindi, birashobora no gukoreshwa mugukora ingufu za laser, zitwa uburyo bwo gutunganya laser. Laser bivuga "AmpPlification Yashishikarizwa Kurangiza Imirasire" Amagambo ahinnye, asobanurwa ngo "laser" ninganda rusange kubuhinduzi bwayo kubuntu, byinshi kugeza aho. Laser yaremewe mu 1959 na PASERCIC PHersict Th, wakoresheje urumuri rumwe rwumucyo kugirango atambire urumuri rwa laser kuri rubavu. Imyaka yubushakashatsi yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo gutunganya. Usibye inganda za elegitoroniki, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubuvuzi nibisirikare

17. Ikibaho cya Micro Wire

Ikibaho kidasanzwe cyumuzunguruko hamwe na pth interlayer isanzwe izwi nka mubi. Iyo ufite ubucucike buhebuje cyane (160 ~ 250IN / IN2), ariko diameter ni nto cyane (munsi ya 25mil), izwi kandi nka kibaho cyateganijwe muri kacuza.

18. Yabumbamo cirxuit

Irakoresha uburyo butatu -nganiza, kora uburyo bwo gusiga cyangwa uburyo bwo guhindura kugirango urangize inzira yikigo cyumuzunguruko wa Stereo, cyitwa Umuzunguruko wabumbamiwe

19. Muliwing Board (Ikibaho cyo Kwinginga)
Irimo gukoresha insinga nini cyane, hejuru yubuso idafite isahani yumuringa, hanyuma akingamira umwobo ukosowe kandi winoze kandi uhuza umupira wamaguru, uzwi ku izina rya "Board nyinshi". Ibi byatunganijwe na PCK, isosiyete y'Abanyamerika, kandi iracyakozwe na Hitachi hamwe na sosiyete y'Abayapani. Iyi mwb irashobora kubika umwanya mubishushanyo kandi ikwiranye numubare muto wimashini hamwe numuzunguruko utoroshye.

20. Ibyuma bya Noble

Ni paste iyobora kuri firime yumuzunguruko. Iyo byacapwe kuri ceramic subramic subrate ya ecran, hanyuma utwara kama yatwitse ku bushyuhe bwinshi, umurenge wagaciro karagaragara. Ifu itwara ibyuma yongeweho kuri paste igomba kuba icyuma cyicyubahiro kugirango wirinde gushiraho oxide ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru. Abakoresha ibicuruzwa bafite zahabu, Platinum, Rhodium, Palladium cyangwa ikindi cyiciro cyagaciro.

21. Padi gusa

Mu minsi ya mbere yanyuze mu gikoresho cyo mu mwobo, bamwe kwizerwa mu misozi miremire bava mu mwobo banyuze mu isahani kandi bahisha imirongo ihuriweho ku rwego rwo hasi kugira ngo bagurishe ubushobozi n'umutekano. Ubu bwoko bwibintu bibiri byibitabo byinama ntibuzashyirwaho gusudira icyatsi kibisi, mugihe cyo kwitabwaho bidasanzwe, kugenzura ubuziranenge birakabije.

Kuri ubu kubera ubucucike bwiyongera, ibicuruzwa byinshi bya elegitoroniki (nka terefone igendanwa), inteko y'ikigo iragoye gusa ku butegetsi bw'imbere, incamake itoroshye yo gucukura umwobo. Indwara yumuringa, isahani ya smt nayo ni padi gusa

22. Polymer yuzuye film (PTF)

Nibisobanuro byagaciro byerekana amashusho yakoreshejwe mugukora imizunguruko, cyangwa paste yo gucapa ikora firime yo kurwanya icapimwe, ku ntera ya ceramic igaragara muri ceramic, hamwe no gucapa ecran no gucira ubushyuhe bukabije. Iyo utwara Organic yatwitse, sisitemu yumuzunguruko ushikamye. Ibyapa nk'ibyo muri rusange bitwa imirongo ya Hybrid.

23. igice cya kabiri

Igomba kwerekana kubikoresho byibanze, bigakura umuzenguruko ukeneye mbere mu buryo butaziguye n'umuringa w'umuriro bisobanura kugira ngo ukomeze kubyimba, hamagara "igice cya kabiri.

Niba uburyo bwumuriro wa chimique bukoreshwa mumigezi yose, inzira yitwa "Wongeyeho". Menya ko ibisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru bituruka kuri * kwerekana IPC-T-50e byasohotse muri Nyakanga 1992, bitandukanye na IPC-T-50D (Ugushyingo 1988). Mbere "verisiyo" kare, nkuko bisanzwe bizwi mu nganda, bivuga insimburangingo yambaye ubusa, idahwitse, cyangwa impengamiro yoroheje (nka 1/4/8 / 8oz). Ihererekanya ryishusho Umukozi mubi wateguwe kandi umuzenguruko usabwa wiyongera kubijyanye no gufotora imiti. 50e 50e ntivuga ijambo "umuringa woroheje". Icyuho hagati yacyo ni kinini, kandi ibitekerezo byabasomyi bisa nkaho byahindutse hamwe nibihe.

24. inzira nziza

Nubuso bwa substrate yumuringa utagira umuringa waho, uburyo bwumuzunguruko buzwi ku izina rya "kugabanya uburyo bworoshye", nicyo cyingenzi mu kibaho cyumuzunguruko imyaka myinshi. Ibi bitandukanye na "Ongera" uburyo bwo kongeramo umurongo wa Copper wumuringa kugirango ugaragaze.

25. Umuzunguruko wijimye

PTF (Polymer Yumusozi Paste), ikubiyemo ibyuma byifashidinagaciro (nka aluminiyumu trioxide Nubwoko bw'umuzunguruko muto wa Hybrid. Ifeza ya paste ya paste kuri PCB imwe na hamwe nayo iracapura cyane ariko ntabwo ikeneye kwirukanwa mubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Imirongo yacapishijwe hejuru ya substrate zitandukanye yitwa "Filime ya Filime" gusa iyo uburebure burenze 0.1mm [4mil [4mil], nuburyo bwikoranabuhanga rya "sisitemu yikoranabuhanga".

26. Ikoranabuhanga rya firime
Numuyobozi hamwe numuzunguruko uhumuriza ugana ku ntsinzi, aho ubunini butarengeje 0.1mm [4mil], guswera kwa Pyrollyting, ibimera bya cathic, ibiti byitwa "tekinoroji ya firime. Ibicuruzwa bifatika bifite filime yoroheje hybrid circriit hamwe na firime yoroheje yinjijwemo, nibindi

27. Kwimura Umuzunguruko

Nuburyo bushya bwumukoresha wururazi, ukoresheje 93mil umubyimba watanzweho isahani yoroheje, ubanza kora ibishushanyo mbonera byumye, hanyuma umurongo wihuta cyane. Nyuma yo gukuramo firime yumye, insinga yijimye yijimye irashobora gukanda hejuru yubushyuhe kuri firime ya kimwe cya kabiri. Noneho ukureho isahani yicyuma, urashobora kubona ubuso bwumuzunguruko winjiye mukarere kakarere. Irashobora gukurikirwa no gushimisha no gushushanya ibyobo kugirango ubone interlayer.

CC - 4 CopperComplexer4; Amafoto ya edelectro-yashyizwemo nuburyo bwongeye gukorwa na societe y'Abanyamerika ku buntu (reba ingingo idasanzwe ku kinyamakuru Amakuru ya 47 ya IVH (Interstric irwanya umwobo); MLC (Multilayer Ceramic) (Inter Inter laminari binyuze mu mwobo); pid ntoya (ifoto yerekana i volectic) ceramic beadit; PTF (Itangazamakuru rya Photose) Polymer Brick Filime (hamwe na Filime Yuzuye Paste y'Ikibaho cyanditse) SLC (Umuzenguruko w'ubutaka); Umurongo wo gutoranya hejuru ni tekinoroji nshya yasabwe na IBM Yasu Laboratory, mu Buyapani muri Kamena 1993. Numurongo uhuriweho numuringa hamwe nisahani yicyatsi kibisi, gikuraho gukinisha no guhosha ibyoge byo ku isahani.