Kurwanya kwivanga ni ihuriro ryingenzi cyane mugishushanyo mbonera cyiki gihe, kigaragaza neza imikorere no kwizerwa kuri sisitemu yose. Kuri injeniyeri ya PCB, igishushanyo mbonera cyo kurwanya ni urufunguzo kandi rugoye kugirango buri wese amenye.

Kubaho kw'ivanga mu kibaho cya PCB
Mu bushakashatsi nyabwo, haraboneka ko hari intervence enye z'ingenzi mu gishushanyo cya PCB: Urusaku rwo gutanga amashanyarazi, interling umurongo wo kwivanga, guhuza no kwivanga hamwe na electromagnetic (EMI).

1. Urusaku rwo gutanga amashanyarazi
Mubikorwa-byinshi byumuziki, urusaku rwingufu zifite uruhare rugaragara cyane ku kimenyetso-kinini. Kubwibyo, ibyambere bisabwa kugirango amashanyarazi ari urusaku ruto. Hano, ubutaka busukuye ni ngombwa nkisoko isukuye.

2. Umurongo woherereza
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwumurongo wohereza ibishoboka muri PCB: umurongo wa Spap na Microwave umurongo. Ikibazo gikomeye hamwe numurongo wohereza ni ugutekereza. Gutekereza bizatera ibibazo byinshi. Kurugero, ibimenyetso byimitwaro bizaba iy'ikimenyetso cyambere nikimenyetso cya echo, kizamura ingorane zo gusesengura ibimenyetso; Gutekereza bizatera gutakaza igihombo (gutakaza igihombo), bizagira ingaruka ku kimenyetso. Ingaruka zirakomeye nkizo zatewe no kwivanga urusaku.

3. Guhuza
Ikimenyetso cyo kwivanga cyakozwe na Invance Intangarugero gitera ITANGAZO RYA ELECHAGNETIC kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura elegitoroniki binyuze mumiyoboro runaka. Uburyo bwo Kwivanga bwo Kwivanga ntakindi usibye gukora kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki binyuze mumasatsi, imirongo isanzwe

4. Amashanyarazi Yamateka (EMI)
Kuvanga electronagnetic Emi ifite ubwoko bubiri: kwivanga hamwe no kwivanga. Kwivanga bivuga kuri coupling (kwivanga) ibimenyetso kumuyoboro umwe wamashanyarazi nundi muyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuyobora. Kwivanga bivuga bivuga inkomoko yivanze (kwivanga) ikimenyetso cyayo kubandi mashanyarazi binyuze mumwanya. Muburyo bwihuse PCB na Sisitemu Igishushanyo, imirongo myinshi yerekana imirongo yinjijwe, ihuza ritandukanye, nibindi birashobora kuranga imirasire yimyandaramo, ibibi bishobora kuranga imirasire yimyanya kandi bikagira ingaruka kuri sisitemu cyangwa izindi disstems muri sisitemu. akazi gasanzwe.

PCB na circuit igabanya ingamba zo kurwanya
Igishushanyo cyo kurwanya ikibaho cyacapwe cyacapwe cyacapwe kifitanye isano rya bugufi n'umuzenguruko wihariye. Ibikurikira, tuzakora ibisobanuro bimwe gusa kubibazo byinshi rusange byerekana igishushanyo mbonera cya PCB kirwanya.

1. Igishushanyo mbonera
Ukurikije ingano yumuriro wacapweho, gerageza kongera ubugari bwumurongo wamashanyarazi kugirango ugabanye. Mugihe kimwe, kora icyerekezo cyumurongo wamashanyarazi hamwe numurongo wubutaka uhuye nubuyobozi bwo kwanduza amakuru, bifasha kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kurwanya urusaku.

2. Igishushanyo mbonera
Zitandukanye zitandukanye na digitale kuva kuruhande rwa Analog. Niba hari imirongo ya Logic hamwe numurongo wibiceri kumurongo wumuzunguruko, bigomba gutandukanywa bishoboka. Ubutaka bwumuzunguruko muto-bugomba kuba bubangikanye muburyo bumwe bushoboka. Iyo uwingi nyawo bigoye, birashobora guhuzwa igice murukurikirane hanyuma ukinganya ugereranije. Umuzunguruko muremure ugomba kuba ufite amanota menshi murukurikirane, umugozi wubutaka ugomba kuba mugufi kandi umubyimba, na gride-nka gride-nka gace-ahantu hanini hagomba gukoreshwa hirya no hino.

Insinga yubutaka igomba kuba imeze nkibishoboka. Niba umurongo unanutse cyane ukoreshwa kurubuga ruhagaze, impinduka zishobora guhinduka hamwe niki, zigabanya urusaku. Kubwibyo, insinga zubutaka igomba kwinuba kugirango itandure inshuro eshatu zubuyobozi bwacapwe. Niba bishoboka, insinga zubutaka igomba kuba hejuru ya 2 ~ 3mm.

Umuyoboro wubutaka ukora loop ifunze. Ku mbaho ​​zacapwe zigizwe n'umuzunguruko gusa, imirongo yabo myinshi itunganijwe mu nzego zo kunoza urusaku.

3. Igenamigambi rya Cacoupling
Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo gushushanya na PCB ni ugushiraho ubushobozi bukwiye bwo gutesha agaciro kuri buri gice cyinama yacapwe.

Amahame rusange yo kuboneza ikirere ni:

① guhuza 10 ~ 100f ya electrolyttike yagaciro kumurongo. Niba bishoboka, nibyiza guhuza 100uf cyangwa byinshi.

Ihame rya ②in, buri chip ihuriweho na chip igomba kuba ifite ubushobozi bwa 0.01pf. Niba icyuho cyinama yacapwe kidahagije, ubushobozi bwa 1-10pf burashobora gutegurwa kuri buri chipi 4 ~ 8.

Ibikoresho bifite intege nke zo kurwanya urusaku n'impinduka nini zahindutse, nk'ibikoresho bya Ram n'ibikoresho bya Rom na Decoupling bigomba guhuzwa mu buryo butaziguye umurongo w'amashanyarazi n'ubutaka bwa chip.

Othe Campact ntigomba kuba ndende cyane, cyane cyane inshuro nyinshi umubyimba wa Bypasse zigomba kuba zigomba kuyobora.

4. Uburyo bwo gukuraho interdagnetic Invation mu gishushanyo cya PCB

Umuyoboro uhwanye: Buri loop ihwanye na antenne, dukeneye rero kugabanya umubare wimikino, agace ka loop hamwe ningaruka za antena. Menya neza ko ikimenyetso gifite inzira imwe gusa yinzira imwe gusa, irinde imigozi ya artificieli, hanyuma ugerageze gukoresha ingufu.

②filterning: Gushungura birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye EMI byombi kumurongo wamashanyarazi no kumurongo wibimenyetso. Hariho uburyo butatu: Gucunga decoupling, emi muyungurura, nibice bya magneti.

③shield.

④ Gerageza kugabanya umuvuduko wibikoresho byinshi.

Kongera umuganga uhora uhora winama ya PCB irashobora kubuza ibice byinshi nkumurongo wohereza hafi yinama yo kumurika hanze; Kongera ubunini bwinama ya PCB no kugabanya ubunini bwa microstrip umurongo birashobora kubuza insinga ya electromagnetic yo hejuru kandi ikakumira imirasire.