Buri PCB ikeneye umusingi mwiza: amabwiriza yo guterana

Ibice byibanze bya PCB birimo ibikoresho bya dielectric, umuringa nubunini bwa trike, hamwe nubukanishi cyangwa ubunini. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa nka dielectric bitanga imirimo ibiri yibanze kuri PCB. Iyo twubatse PCB igoye ishobora gukoresha ibimenyetso byihuta, ibikoresho bya dielectric bitandukanya ibimenyetso biboneka kumirongo yegeranye ya PCB. Ihame rya PCB riterwa ninzitizi imwe ya dielectric kumurongo wose hamwe nimbogamizi imwe kumurongo mugari.

Nubwo bigaragara ko umuringa ugaragara nkuyobora, hari indi mirimo. Uburemere butandukanye hamwe nubunini bwumuringa bizagira ingaruka kubushobozi bwumuzunguruko kugirango ugere ku kigero gikwiye cyumuyaga no gusobanura umubare wigihombo. Kubijyanye nindege yubutaka nindege yingufu, ubwiza bwumuringa buzagira ingaruka kubangamira indege yubutaka hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro bwindege. Guhuza ubunini nuburebure bwibimenyetso bitandukanye byerekana ibimenyetso birashobora gushimangira ituze nubusugire bwumuzunguruko, cyane cyane kubimenyetso byihuta cyane.

Imirongo yumubiri igaragara, ibimenyetso byerekana, impapuro zamakuru, amakuru yamakuru, binyuze mumakuru yumwobo, amakuru y ibikoresho, hamwe namabwiriza yinteko ntabwo asobanura gusa urwego rwimashini cyangwa urwego rwibipimo, ariko kandi arirwo rufatiro rwo gupima PCB. Amakuru yinteko agenzura iyinjizwamo hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Kubera ko inzira "icapiro ryumuzunguruko wacapwe" ihuza ibice bikora nibisobanuro kuri PCB, gahunda yo guterana isaba itsinda ryabashushanyije kwibanda kumubano uri hagati yo gucunga ibimenyetso, gucunga amashyuza, gushyira padi, amategeko yo guteranya amashanyarazi nubukanishi, hamwe nibigize umubiri kwishyiriraho byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.

Igishushanyo cya PCB cyose gisaba ibyangombwa byo guterana muri IPC-2581. Izindi nyandiko zirimo fagitire y'ibikoresho, amakuru ya Gerber, amakuru ya CAD, ibishushanyo, ibishushanyo mbonera, inoti, ibishushanyo mbonera, ibisobanuro byose by'ibizamini, ibisobanuro byose bifite ireme, n'ibisabwa n'amategeko. Ukuri nibisobanuro bikubiye muri izi nyandiko bigabanya amahirwe yose yo kwibeshya mugihe cyo gushushanya.

02
Amategeko agomba gukurikizwa: ukuyemo inzira n'inzira

Abanyamashanyarazi bashyira insinga munzu bagomba gukurikiza amategeko kugirango barebe ko insinga zidahinduka cyane cyangwa ngo zandurwe n’imisumari cyangwa imigozi ikoreshwa mugushiraho akuma. Kunyuza insinga mu rukuta rwa sitidiyo bisaba inzira ihamye yo kumenya ubujyakuzimu n'uburebure bw'inzira nyabagendwa.

Igice cyo kugumana hamwe na maritire ya maritire ishyiraho inzitizi zimwe kubishushanyo bya PCB. Igice cyo kugumana gisobanura imbogamizi zumubiri (nko gushyira ibice cyangwa gushyiramo imashini) cyangwa inzitizi zamashanyarazi (nko kugumana insinga) za software ikora. Urwego rwicyuma rushyiraho imikoranire hagati yibigize. Ukurikije porogaramu n'ubwoko bwa PCB, ibice byinsinga birashobora gushyirwa hejuru no hepfo cyangwa hasi imbere ya PCB.

01
Shakisha umwanya windege yubutaka nindege yimbaraga
Buri nzu ifite icyicaro gikuru cyamashanyarazi cyangwa ikigo cyikoreza imizigo ishobora kwakira amashanyarazi yinjira mumasosiyete yingirakamaro kandi akayakwirakwiza kumatara yamatara, socket, ibikoresho, nibikoresho. Indege yubutaka nindege yimbaraga za PCB bitanga imikorere imwe muguhindura umuzenguruko no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi atandukanye kubigize. Kimwe na paneli ya serivise, imbaraga nindege zubutaka birashobora kuba birimo ibice byinshi byumuringa byemerera imirongo nizunguruka guhuza imbaraga zitandukanye.

02
Rinda ikibaho cyumuzunguruko, urinde insinga
Abakora umwuga wo gusiga amarangi bandika neza amabara nibisenge bya gisenge, inkuta n'imitako. Kuri PCB, ecran ya ecran ikoresha inyandiko kugirango yerekane aho ibice biri hejuru no hepfo. Kubona amakuru ukoresheje icapiro rya ecran birashobora gukiza itsinda ryabashushanyije gusubiramo inyandiko ziteranirizo.

Primers, amarangi, irangi hamwe na langi bikoreshwa nabashushanyije munzu birashobora kongeramo amabara meza. Byongeye kandi, ubwo buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kurinda ubuso kwangirika. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo ubwoko runaka bwimyanda iguye kumurongo, masike yoroheje yo kugurisha kuri PCB irashobora gufasha PCB gukumira inzira kubura.