Mugihe bikenewe gusimbuza IC mubishushanyo mbonera byumuzunguruko wa PCB, reka dusangire inama zimwe mugihe dusimbuye IC kugirango dufashe abashushanya gukora neza mubishushanyo mbonera bya PCB.
1. Gusimburwa mu buryo butaziguye
Gusimburana mu buryo butaziguye bivuga gusimbuza mu buryo butaziguye IC y'umwimerere n'izindi IC nta gihindutse, kandi imikorere nyamukuru n'ibipimo by'imashini ntibizagira ingaruka nyuma yo gusimburwa.
Ihame ryo gusimbuza ni: imikorere, indangagaciro yimikorere, ifishi yububiko, imikoreshereze ya pin, pin numero nintera yabasimbuye IC ni kimwe.Imikorere imwe ya IC ntabwo yerekeza kumurimo umwe gusa, ahubwo inerekeza kumurongo umwe wa logique, ni ukuvuga ibisohoka ninjiza urwego polarite, voltage, na amplitude y'ubu bigomba kuba bimwe.Ibipimo ngenderwaho bivuga ibipimo nyamukuru byamashanyarazi ya IC (cyangwa ibyingenzi byingenzi biranga umurongo), imbaraga nyinshi zogukwirakwiza, voltage nini ikora, intera yumurongo, hamwe nibimenyetso bitandukanye byinjira nibisohoka byangiritse bisa nibya IC byambere.Abasimbuye bafite imbaraga nke bagomba kongera ubushyuhe.
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Gusimbuza ubwoko bumwe bwa IC
Gusimbuza ubwoko bumwe bwa IC muri rusange byizewe.Mugihe ushyiraho uruziga rwa PCB rwitondewe, witondere kudakora amakosa mubyerekezo, bitabaye ibyo, umuzenguruko wa PCB urashobora gutwikwa mugihe amashanyarazi azimye.Bimwe mumurongo umwe wimbaraga amplifier ICs ifite icyitegererezo kimwe, imikorere, nibiranga, ariko icyerekezo cya pin gahunda iratandukanye.Kurugero, imiyoboro ibiri yingufu zongera imbaraga ICLA4507 ifite pin "nziza" na "mbi", kandi ibimenyetso byambere bya pin (utudomo twamabara cyangwa ibyobo) biri mubyerekezo bitandukanye: nta mugereka kandi umugereka ni "R", IC, nibindi, urugero M5115P na M5115RP.
02
Gusimbuza IC hamwe ninyuguti imwe yambere nimibare itandukanye
Mugihe cyose pin imikorere yubu bwoko bwo gusimburana isa neza neza, imbere ya PCB yimbere hamwe nibipimo byamashanyarazi biratandukanye gato, kandi birashobora no gusimburwa muburyo butaziguye.Kurugero: ICLA1363 na LA1365 bishyirwa mumajwi, iyanyuma ikongeramo diode ya Zener imbere muri IC pin 5 kuruta iyambere, naho izindi zirasa neza.
Muri rusange, ibaruwa ibanziriza iyerekana uwabikoze nicyiciro cyumuzingi wa PCB.Imibare nyuma yinyuguti ibanziriza imwe, kandi inyinshi zirashobora gusimburwa muburyo butaziguye.Ariko hariho n'imanza nke zidasanzwe.Nubwo imibare ari imwe, imikorere iratandukanye rwose.Kurugero, HA1364 ni amajwi IC, kandi uPC1364 ni ibara ryerekana amabara IC;umubare ni 4558, 8-pin ni amplifier ikora NJM4558, naho 14-pin ni CD4558 ya sisitemu ya PCB;kubwibyo, byombi ntibishobora gusimburwa na gato.Tugomba rero kureba imikorere ya pin.
Bamwe mubakora ibicuruzwa batangiza imashini za IC zipakiye hanyuma bakazitunganya mubicuruzwa byitiriwe uruganda, nibindi bicuruzwa byanonosowe kugirango bitezimbere ibipimo bimwe.Ibicuruzwa bikunze kwitwa hamwe na moderi zitandukanye cyangwa bitandukanijwe ninyongera yicyitegererezo.Kurugero, AN380 na uPC1380 birashobora gusimburwa muburyo butaziguye, kandi AN5620, TEA5620, DG5620, nibindi birashobora gusimburwa muburyo butaziguye.
2. Gusimbuza mu buryo butaziguye
Gusimbuza mu buryo butaziguye bivuga uburyo IC idashobora gusimburwa mu buryo butaziguye ni uburyo bwo guhindura gato umuzenguruko wa PCB wa periferique, guhindura gahunda ya pin yambere cyangwa kongeraho cyangwa gukuraho ibice byihariye, nibindi, kugirango bibe IC isimburwa.
Ihame ryo gusimbuza: IC ikoreshwa mugusimbuza irashobora gutandukana na IC yumwimerere ifite imikorere ya pin itandukanye kandi igaragara itandukanye, ariko imirimo igomba kuba imwe kandi ibiranga bigomba kuba bimwe;imikorere yimashini yumwimerere ntigomba kugira ingaruka nyuma yo gusimburwa.
01
Gusimbuza IC zitandukanye zapakiwe
Kuri IC chip yubwoko bumwe, ariko hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwa paki, gusa pin yibikoresho bishya bigomba guhindurwa ukurikije imiterere nuburyo imitunganyirize yimashini yibikoresho byumwimerere.Kurugero, umuzunguruko wa AFTPCB CA3064 na CA3064E, iyambere ni pake yumuzingi hamwe na pine ya radiyo: iyanyuma ni pake ya plastike ibiri kumurongo, ibiranga imbere byombi birasa neza, kandi birashobora guhuzwa ukurikije imikorere ya pin.Imirongo ibiri ICAN7114, AN7115 na LA4100, LA4102 irasa cyane muburyo bwa paki, kandi isasu hamwe nicyuma gishyuha ni dogere 180 zitandukanye.AN5620 yavuzwe haruguru ibiri kumurongo wa 16-pin hamwe nubushyuhe hamwe na TEA5620 byombi kumurongo 18-pin.Amapine 9 na 10 aherereye kuruhande rwiburyo rwumuzunguruko wa PCB, uhwanye nubushyuhe bwa AN5620.Ibindi bipapuro byombi byateguwe muburyo bumwe.Huza pin ya 9 na 10 kubutaka kugirango ukoreshe.
02
Imikorere yumuzunguruko wa PCB nimwe ariko imikorere ya pin kugiti cye itandukanye no gusimbuza lC
Gusimburwa birashobora gukorwa ukurikije ibipimo n'amabwiriza yihariye ya buri bwoko bwa IC.Kurugero, AGC nibimenyetso byerekana amashusho muri TV bifite itandukaniro hagati ya polarite nziza nibibi, mugihe cyose inverter ihujwe nibisohoka, irashobora gusimburwa.
03
Gusimbuza IC hamwe na plastike imwe ariko imikorere ya pin itandukanye
Ubu bwoko bwo gusimbuza bugomba guhindura impande zose za PCB zuzunguruka hamwe na pin gahunda, bisaba ubumenyi bumwebumwe, amakuru yuzuye, hamwe nuburambe bufatika hamwe nubuhanga.
04
Ibirenge bimwe byubusa ntibigomba guhagarara nta burenganzira
Bimwe mubiyobora pin mumbere ihwanye na PCB umuzenguruko hamwe na progaramu ya PCB umuzenguruko ntabwo irangwa.Iyo hari ibiyobora byubusa, ntibigomba guhagarara nta burenganzira.Ipine yiyobora irasimburana cyangwa ipine, kandi rimwe na rimwe nayo ikoreshwa nkimbere ihuza imbere.
05
Gusimbuza hamwe
Gusimbuza guhuza ni uguteranya ibice byumuzunguruko bya PCB byangiritse bya IC nyinshi zicyitegererezo kimwe muri IC yuzuye kugirango isimbuze IC idakora neza.Irakoreshwa cyane mugihe IC yumwimerere itaboneka.Ariko birasabwa ko umuzunguruko mwiza wa PCB imbere muri IC wakoreshejwe ugomba kuba ufite interineti.
Urufunguzo rwo gusimbuza mu buryo butaziguye ni ukumenya ibipimo by'ibanze by'amashanyarazi bya IC byombi bisimburanwa, imbere ya PCB y'imbere ihwanye, imikorere ya buri pin, n'imikoranire ihuza ibice bigize IC.Witondere mubikorwa nyirizina.
(1) Urutonde rwumubare wibikoresho bya PCB byuzuzanya ntibigomba guhuzwa nabi;
(2) Kugirango uhuze n'ibiranga IC yasimbuwe, ibice bigize umuzenguruko wa PCB uhuza nayo bigomba guhinduka bikurikije;
(3) Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ugomba kuba uhujwe na IC wasimbuye.Niba amashanyarazi atangwa mumashanyarazi yumwimerere PCB ari menshi, gerageza kugabanya voltage;niba voltage iri hasi, biterwa nuko IC isimbuye ishobora gukora;
(4) Nyuma yo gusimburwa, hagomba gupimwa imbaraga zakazi zituje za IC.Niba ikigezweho ari kinini cyane kuruta agaciro gasanzwe, bivuze ko umuziki wa PCB ushobora kuba wishimye.Muri iki gihe, gukuramo no guhindura birasabwa.Niba inyungu itandukanye numwimerere, kurwanya ibitekerezo byo kurwanya ibitekerezo birashobora guhinduka;
(5) Nyuma yo gusimburwa, kwinjiza no gusohora impedance ya IC igomba guhuza umuzenguruko wambere PCB;reba ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara;
. cyane cyane kugirango wirinde inshuro nyinshi kwishima;
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Simbuza IC n'ibice byihariye
Rimwe na rimwe, ibice byihariye birashobora gukoreshwa mugusimbuza igice cyangiritse cya IC kugirango ugarure imikorere yacyo.Mbere yo gusimburwa, ugomba gusobanukirwa nihame ryimikorere yimbere ya IC, voltage isanzwe ya buri pin, igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nihame ryakazi ryumuzunguruko wa PCB hamwe nibice bya periferiya.Suzuma kandi:
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.Niba intera iringaniza IC yangiritse, uhereye mubisanzwe porogaramu ya PCB izenguruka hamwe na PCB y'imbere, igizwe na majwi hagati ya amplifier amajwi, ivangura ryinshyi no kuzamura inshuro.Uburyo bwo kwinjiza ibimenyetso burashobora gukoreshwa mugushakisha igice cyangiritse.Niba igice cyongera amajwi cyangiritse, ibice byihariye birashobora gukoreshwa aho.