Ubushyuhe butangwa nibikoresho bya elegitoronike mugihe gikora bituma ubushyuhe bwimbere bwibikoresho buzamuka vuba.Niba ubushyuhe butagabanijwe mugihe, ibikoresho bizakomeza gushyuha, igikoresho kizananirwa kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi kwizerwa kwibikoresho bya elegitoronike bizagabanuka.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko.
Isesengura ry'ibintu byo kuzamuka k'ubushyuhe bw'Ikibaho cyacapwe
Impamvu itaziguye izamuka ryubushyuhe bwibibaho byacapwe biterwa no kuba hari ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bifite ingufu zikoresha ingufu zitandukanye, kandi ubushyuhe burahinduka hamwe nogukoresha ingufu.
Ibintu bibiri byubushyuhe bwiyongera mubibaho byanditse:
(1) Ubushyuhe bwaho kuzamuka cyangwa kuzamuka kwubuso bunini;
(2) Ubushyuhe bwigihe gito kuzamuka cyangwa kuzamuka kwigihe kirekire.
Iyo usesenguye imikoreshereze yumuriro wa PCB, mubisanzwe uhereye kumpande zikurikira.
Gukoresha amashanyarazi
(1) Gusesengura imikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi kuri buri gace;
(2) Gusesengura ikwirakwizwa ryamashanyarazi ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko wa PCB.
2. Imiterere yikibaho cyanditse
(1) Ingano yikibaho cyacapwe;
(2) Ibikoresho byanditseho.
3. Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ikibaho cyanditse
(1) Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho (nko kwishyiriraho vertical no gutambika gutambitse);
(2) Imiterere yikimenyetso nintera iri hagati yikibaho.
4. Imirasire yubushyuhe
(1) Ubusobanuro bwibibaho byanditse hejuru;
(2) Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yikibaho cyacapwe nubuso bwegeranye nubushyuhe bwuzuye;
5. Gutwara ubushyuhe
(1) Shyiramo imirasire;
(2) Gukora ibindi bice byubaka.
6. Ubushuhe
(1) Ihuriro risanzwe;
(2) Guhatira gukonjesha ku gahato.
Isesengura ryibintu byavuzwe haruguru kuva PCB nuburyo bwiza bwo gukemura ubushyuhe bwikibaho cyanditse.Izi ngingo akenshi zifitanye isano kandi zishingiye kubicuruzwa na sisitemu.Ibintu byinshi bigomba gusesengurwa ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, gusa kubintu byihariye.Muri ibi bihe gusa, ibipimo byubushyuhe bwo kuzamuka no gukoresha ingufu bibarwa cyangwa bigereranijwe neza.
Uburyo bwo gukonjesha ikibaho
1. Igikoresho kinini gitanga ubushyuhe hiyongereyeho ubushyuhe hamwe nicyapa gitwara ubushyuhe
Iyo ibikoresho bike muri PCB bibyara ubushyuhe bwinshi (munsi ya 3), icyuma gishyushya cyangwa umuyoboro wubushyuhe urashobora kongerwaho mubikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe.Iyo ubushyuhe budashobora kugabanuka, icyuma gishyushya hamwe nabafana kirashobora gukoreshwa kugirango imbaraga zogukwirakwiza.Iyo hari ibikoresho byinshi byo gushyushya (birenze 3), igifuniko kinini cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe (ikibaho) kirashobora gukoreshwa.Numurongo wihariye udasanzwe ukurikije umwanya nuburebure bwigikoresho cyo gushyushya ku kibaho cya PCB cyangwa mumashanyarazi manini manini Kata uburebure bwibice bitandukanye.Komeza ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe hejuru yibigize, hanyuma ubaze buri kintu kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe.Ariko, bitewe nuburyo budahwitse bwibigize mugihe cyo guterana no gusudira, ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ntabwo ari nziza.Mubisanzwe icyiciro cyoroheje cyumuriro uhindura ubushyuhe bwongewe hejuru yibigize kugirango utezimbere ubushyuhe.
2. Gushyushya gusohora binyuze mubuyobozi bwa PCB ubwabwo
Kugeza ubu, isahani ya PCB ikoreshwa cyane ni umuringa wambaye umuringa wambaye umuringa / epoxy cyangwa ibirahuri by'ibirahure bya fenolike, kandi hakoreshwa umubare muto w'impapuro zishingiye ku muringa.Nubwo izi substrate zifite imikorere myiza yamashanyarazi nogutunganya, zifite ubushyuhe buke.Ninzira yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kubintu byinshi bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, PCB ubwayo ntishobora kwitezwaho gukora ubushyuhe buva mubisaka bya PCB, ariko ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe kuva hejuru yikintu kugeza mukirere gikikije.Nyamara, nkuko ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byinjiye mugihe cya miniaturizasi yibigize, kwishyiriraho ubucucike bwinshi, no guteranya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ntibihagije kwishingikiriza hejuru yibice bifite ubuso buto cyane kugirango bigabanye ubushyuhe.Muri icyo gihe, kubera gukoresha cyane ibice byashizwe hejuru nka QFP na BGA, ubushyuhe butangwa nibice byimurirwa ku kibaho cya PCB ku bwinshi.Kubwibyo, inzira nziza yo gukemura ubushyuhe ni ukongera ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa PCB ubwayo ihuye neza nubushyuhe.Kora cyangwa gusohora.
3. Emera igishushanyo mbonera cyiza kugirango ugere ku bushyuhe
Kuberako ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa resin mumpapuro ari bubi, kandi imirongo yumuringa wumuringa hamwe nu mwobo ni byiza gutwara ubushyuhe, kuzamura igipimo gisigara cyumuringa no kongera umwobo wogukoresha ubushyuhe nuburyo nyamukuru bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
Kugirango dusuzume ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa PCB, birakenewe kubara ubushyuhe bungana (icyenda eq) bwibikoresho bigize ibikoresho bigizwe nibikoresho bitandukanye bifite coefficient zitandukanye zumuriro-insimburangingo ya PCB.
4. Kubikoresho bikoresha ubukonje bwa convection yubusa, nibyiza gutondekanya imirongo ihuriweho (cyangwa ibindi bikoresho) uhagaritse cyangwa utambitse.
5. Ibikoresho ku kibaho kimwe cyacapwe bigomba gutondekanya ukurikije ubushyuhe bwabyo no kugabanuka kwinshi bishoboka.Ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe buke cyangwa birwanya ubushyuhe buke (nka transistor ntoya yerekana ibimenyetso, imiyoboro mito mito ihuriweho, imiyoboro ya electrolytike, nibindi) ishyirwa mumigezi yo hejuru cyane yumuyaga ukonje (ku bwinjiriro), ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwiza bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe (nka tristoriste yamashanyarazi, imiyoboro minini ihuriweho hamwe, nibindi) bishyirwa kumurongo wo hasi cyane wumuyaga ukonje.
6. Mu cyerekezo gitambitse, ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi bigomba gushyirwa hafi hashoboka ku nkombe yikibaho cyacapwe kugirango bigabanye inzira yo kohereza ubushyuhe;mu cyerekezo gihagaritse, ibikoresho-bifite ingufu nyinshi bigomba gushyirwa hafi bishoboka hejuru yikibaho cyacapwe kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwibi bikoresho mugihe ukora kubindi bikoresho Ingaruka.
7. Igikoresho cyumva ubushyuhe gishyirwa neza mukarere hamwe nubushyuhe buke (nko hepfo yigikoresho).Ntuzigere ubishyira hejuru yicyuma gitanga ubushyuhe.Ibikoresho byinshi nibyiza gutondekwa kumurongo utambitse.
8. Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwibibaho byacapwe mubikoresho ahanini biterwa no gutembera kwumwuka, bityo inzira yumuyaga igomba kwigwa mugushushanya, kandi igikoresho cyangwa ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe kigomba gushyirwaho muburyo bukwiye.Iyo umwuka utemba, burigihe bikunda gutemba aho kurwanywa ari bito, mugihe rero ugenera ibikoresho kurubaho rwacapwe, birakenewe kwirinda gusiga umwanya munini wikirere ahantu runaka.Iboneza ryibicapo byinshi byacapwe mumashini yose bigomba no kwitondera ikibazo kimwe.
9. Irinde kwibanda ahantu hashyushye kuri PCB, gukwirakwiza ingufu zingana kuri PCB bishoboka, kandi ugumane ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwa PCB buringaniye kandi buhoraho.Akenshi biragoye kugera kubisaranganya bikaze muburyo bwo gushushanya, ariko birakenewe kwirinda ahantu hafite ingufu nyinshi cyane kugirango wirinde ahantu hashyushye bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yumuzunguruko.Niba ibintu byemewe, isesengura ryumuriro ryumuzingo wacapwe ni ngombwa.Kurugero, ibipimo byubushyuhe bwo gusesengura porogaramu modules yongewe muri software zimwe zumwuga za PCB zishobora gufasha abashushanya gukora neza ibizunguruka.