Kurinda umwobo mu isahani no gusudira bikubiyemo kugerageza uburyo bushya bwo gukora no gusesengura ibisubizo. Gupfunyika no gusudira ubusa akenshi bifite impamvu zishobora kumenyekana, nkubwoko bwa paste paste cyangwa drill bit ikoreshwa mubikorwa byo gukora. Abakora PCB barashobora gukoresha ingamba zingenzi kugirango bamenye kandi bakemure ibitera rusange.

1.Guhindura ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka

Bumwe mu buryo bwo kwirinda gusudira imyanda ni uguhindura agace gakomeye k'umurongo wo kugaruka. Gutanga ibyiciro bitandukanye byigihe birashobora kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanya amahirwe yubusa. Gusobanukirwa ibyiza byo kugaruka kumurongo nibyingenzi kugirango wirinde icyuho.

Ubwa mbere, reba Igenamiterere ryubu kugirango ushushe. Gerageza kongera ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya cyangwa kwagura igihe cyo gushyushya cyo kugaruka. Ibyobo byagurishijwe birashobora gushirwaho kubera ubushyuhe budahagije muri zone yubushyuhe, koresha rero ingamba kugirango ukemure intandaro.

Ubushuhe bwa homogeneous zone nabwo ni nyirabayazana mubusa. Igihe gito cyo gushiramo ntigishobora kwemerera ibice byose hamwe nibice byubuyobozi kugera kubushyuhe bukenewe. Gerageza kwemerera umwanya winyongera kuri kariya gace ko kugaruka.

2. Koresha flux nkeya

Amazi menshi arashobora kwiyongera kandi mubisanzwe biganisha ku gusudira. Ikindi kibazo kijyanye na cavite ihuriweho: flux degassing. Niba flux idafite umwanya uhagije wo gutesha agaciro, gaze irenze izafatwa kandi hazabaho icyuho.

Iyo flux nyinshi ikoreshwa kuri PCB, igihe gisabwa kugirango flux yangirike burundu. Keretse niba wongeyeho igihe cyo gutesha agaciro, flux yinyongera izavamo ubusa.

Mugihe wongeyeho umwanya utesha agaciro urashobora gukemura iki kibazo, nibyiza cyane gukomera kumubare wamazi asabwa. Ibi bizigama ingufu nubutunzi kandi bituma ingingo zigira isuku.

3. Koresha gusa imyitozo ityaye

Impamvu isanzwe itera isahani irakennye binyuze mu gucukura umwobo. Gutobora neza cyangwa gucukura neza birashobora kongera amahirwe yo gushingwa imyanda mugihe cyo gucukura. Iyo ibyo bice bifatanye na PCB, birema ahantu hatagaragara hashobora gushyirwaho umuringa. Ibi bibangamira imikorere, ubwiza no kwizerwa.

Abahinguzi barashobora gukemura iki kibazo bakoresheje gusa imyitozo ityaye kandi ityaye. Shiraho gahunda ihamye yo gukarisha cyangwa gusimbuza bits, nka buri gihembwe. Uku kubungabunga buri gihe bizatuma ubuziranenge bwacukurwa kandi bugabanye imyanda.

4.Gerageza ibishushanyo bitandukanye

Igishushanyo mbonera cyakoreshejwe muburyo bwo kugarura ibintu gishobora gufasha cyangwa kubuza gukumira icyuho cyasuditswe. Kubwamahirwe, ntamuti-umwe-uhuza-ibisubizo byose byo guhitamo igishushanyo mbonera. Ibishushanyo bimwe bikora neza hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo kugurisha, flux, cyangwa PCB. Birashobora gufata ikigeragezo nikosa kugirango ubone amahitamo yubwoko runaka bwubuyobozi.

Kubona neza igishushanyo mbonera gikwiye bisaba inzira nziza yo kugerageza. Ababikora bagomba gushaka uburyo bwo gupima no gusesengura ingaruka zubushakashatsi bwakozwe kubusa.

Inzira yizewe yo gukora ibi ni ugukora icyiciro cya PCBS gifite igishushanyo mbonera cyihariye hanyuma ukagenzura neza. Inyandikorugero zitandukanye zitandukanye zikoreshwa mugukora ibi. Igenzura rigomba kwerekana ibishushanyo mbonera bifite impuzandengo yabacuruzi.

Igikoresho cyingenzi mugikorwa cyo kugenzura ni imashini ya X-ray. X-imirasire nimwe muburyo bwo kubona icyuho cyasuditswe kandi ni ingirakamaro cyane mugihe ukorana na PCBS ntoya, ipakiye cyane. Kugira imashini ya X-ray yoroshye bizorohereza inzira yo kugenzura byoroshye kandi neza.

5.Igipimo cyo gucukura

Usibye ubukana bwa biti, umuvuduko wo gucukura uzanagira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yisahani. Niba umuvuduko wa bito ari mwinshi, bizagabanya ubunyangamugayo kandi byongere amahirwe yo gushingwa imyanda. Umuvuduko mwinshi wo gucukura urashobora no kongera ibyago byo gucika PCB, bikabangamira ubusugire bwimiterere.

Niba ibyobo byo gutwikiriye bikiri bisanzwe nyuma yo gukarisha cyangwa guhindura bito, gerageza kugabanya igipimo cyo gucukura. Umuvuduko gahoro utanga umwanya munini wo gushiraho, usukuye mumyobo.

Wibuke ko uburyo gakondo bwo gukora butari amahitamo uyumunsi. Niba imikorere ari ukuzirikana mugutwara ibiciro byo gucukura cyane, icapiro rya 3D rishobora kuba amahitamo meza. 3D icapishijwe PCBS ikorwa neza kuruta uburyo gakondo, ariko hamwe nukuri cyangwa hejuru. Guhitamo 3D yacapishijwe PCB ntibisaba gucukura binyuze mumyobo nagato.

6.Komera kuri paste nziza yo kugurisha

Nibisanzwe gushakisha uburyo bwo kuzigama amafaranga mubikorwa byo gukora PCB. Kubwamahirwe make, kugura paste ihendutse cyangwa yujuje ubuziranenge kugurisha birashobora kongera amahirwe yo gukora ubusa.

Imiterere yimiti yubwoko butandukanye bwagurishijwe bugira ingaruka kumikorere yabo nuburyo bakorana na PCB mugihe cyo kugaruka. Kurugero, ukoresheje paste yagurishijwe idafite isasu irashobora kugabanuka mugihe cyo gukonja.

Guhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza byo kugurisha bisaba kugufasha kumva ibikenewe bya PCB hamwe nicyitegererezo cyakoreshejwe. Kugurisha ibicuruzwa byimbitse bizagorana gucengera inyandikorugero ntoya.

Birashobora kuba byiza kugerageza paste zitandukanye zagurishijwe mugihe kimwe no kugerageza inyandikorugero zitandukanye. Hashimangiwe ku gukoresha amategeko atanu yumupira kugirango uhindure ingano yubunini bwa aperture kugirango uwagurishije paste ihure nicyitegererezo. Iri tegeko rivuga ko abayikora bagomba gukoresha impapuro zifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza imipira itanu yo kugurisha. Iki gitekerezo cyoroshya inzira yo gukora paste inyandikorugero zitandukanye zo kugerageza.

7.Gabanya kugurisha paste okiside

Oxidation ya paste yagurishijwe akenshi ibaho mugihe hari umwuka mwinshi cyangwa ubuhehere mubidukikije. Oxidation ubwayo yongerera amahirwe yubusa, kandi irerekana kandi ko umwuka mwinshi cyangwa ubuhehere burenze byongera ibyago byubusa. Gukemura no kugabanya okiside bifasha kurinda icyuho gukora no kuzamura ubwiza bwa PCB.

Banza ugenzure ubwoko bwa paste paste yakoreshejwe. Amazi ashonga kugurisha paste akunda cyane okiside. Byongeye kandi, flux idahagije byongera ibyago bya okiside. Nibyo, flux nyinshi nayo nikibazo, abayikora rero bagomba kubona impirimbanyi. Ariko, niba okiside ibaye, kongera ubwinshi bwa flux birashobora gukemura ikibazo.

Abakora PCB barashobora gufata ingamba nyinshi zo gukumira isahani no gusudira ku bicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki. Ubusa bigira ingaruka ku kwizerwa, imikorere nubuziranenge. Kubwamahirwe, kugabanya amahirwe yo gukora ubusa biroroshye nko guhindura paste kugurisha cyangwa gukoresha igishushanyo gishya.

Ukoresheje ikizamini-kugenzura-gusesengura uburyo, uwabikoze wese arashobora kubona no gukemura intandaro yubusa muguhinduka no gutunganya.