Twese tuzi ko gukora ikibaho cya PCB ari uguhindura ibishushanyo mbonera muburyo bwa PCB. Nyamuneka ntugapfobye iki gikorwa. Hariho ibintu byinshi bishoboka muburyo bworoshye ariko bigoye kubigeraho mumushinga, cyangwa ibindi bishobora kugera kubintu abantu bamwe badashobora kugera kubitekerezo.
Ingorane ebyiri zingenzi mubijyanye na microelectronics nugutunganya ibimenyetso byumuvuduko mwinshi nibimenyetso bidakomeye. Ni muri urwo rwego, urwego rwo kubyara PCB ni ngombwa cyane. Igishushanyo mbonera kimwe, ibice bimwe, abantu batandukanye bakoze PCB bizagira ibisubizo bitandukanye, none nigute wakora ikibaho cyiza cya PCB?
1.Bisobanure neza intego zawe
Nyuma yo kwakira umurimo wo gushushanya, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ugusobanura intego zacyo zo gushushanya, arizo zisanzwe za PCB, ikibaho kinini cya PCB, icyapa gito cyo gutunganya ibimenyetso bya PCB cyangwa byombi byihuta kandi bito bitunganya ibimenyetso bya PCB. Niba ari ikibaho gisanzwe cya PCB, mugihe cyose imiterere ishyize mu gaciro kandi nziza, ingano yubukanishi irasobanutse, nkumurongo wo hagati uremereye n'umurongo muremure, birakenewe gukoresha uburyo bumwe bwo gutunganya, kugabanya umutwaro, umurongo muremure kugeza komeza disiki, icyibandwaho ni ukurinda umurongo muremure. Iyo hari ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso birenga 40MHz kurubaho, hagomba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe kuriyi mirongo yerekana ibimenyetso, nko kuganira hagati yumurongo nibindi bibazo. Niba inshuro nyinshi ari nyinshi, hazabaho imipaka ikabije kuburebure bwa wiring. Ukurikije urusobe rw'urusobe rw'ibipimo byagabanijwe, imikoranire hagati y'umuvuduko wihuse n'insinga zayo ni cyo kintu gikomeye, kidashobora kwirengagizwa mu gishushanyo cya sisitemu. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwihuta ryogukwirakwiza amarembo, abatavuga rumwe numurongo wibimenyetso baziyongera kimwe, kandi umuhanda uhuza imirongo yerekana ibimenyetso uziyongera muburyo butaziguye. Mubisanzwe, gukoresha ingufu no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwumuvuduko mwinshi nabyo ni binini, bityo rero hagomba kwitabwaho bihagije PCB yihuta.
Iyo hari ikimenyetso kidakomeye cyurwego rwa milivolt cyangwa na microvolt kurwego, hakenewe ubwitonzi bwihariye kuriyi mirongo. Ibimenyetso bito birakomeye kandi biroroshye cyane kwivanga mubindi bimenyetso bikomeye. Ingamba zo gukingira akenshi zirakenewe, bitabaye ibyo igipimo cyerekana-urusaku kizagabanuka cyane. Ibyo bimenyetso byingirakamaro rero byarohamye kubera urusaku kandi ntibishobora gukururwa neza.
Itangizwa ryinama y'ubutegetsi naryo rigomba gusuzumwa mugice cyashushanyijemo, aho umubiri wikizamini giherereye, kwigunga aho ikizamini nibindi bintu ntibishobora kwirengagizwa, kuko ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe byerekana ibimenyetso byinshyi bidashobora kongerwaho muburyo butaziguye iperereza.
Byongeye kandi, hari ibindi bintu bifatika bigomba gusuzumwa, nkumubare wibice byubuyobozi, imiterere yipakira yibigize byakoreshejwe, imbaraga za mashini zubuyobozi, nibindi. Mbere yo gukora ikibaho cya PCB, kugirango ukore igishushanyo mbonera intego mu mutwe.
2. Menya imiterere nibisabwa byingirakamaro kumikorere yibigize byakoreshejwe
Nkuko tubizi, ibice bimwe bidasanzwe bifite ibisabwa byihariye muburyo bwimiterere no mu nsinga, nka LOTI hamwe na analog signal amplifier ikoreshwa na APH. Ikigereranyo cyerekana ibimenyetso bisaba amashanyarazi ahamye hamwe na ripple nto. Ikigereranyo gito cyerekana ibimenyetso bigomba kuba kure yigikoresho cyamashanyarazi bishoboka. Ku kibaho cya OTI, igice gito cyo kongera ibimenyetso nacyo gifite ibikoresho byihariye byo gukingira inzitizi za electromagnetic. Chip ya GLINK ikoreshwa ku kibaho cya NTOI ikoresha inzira ya ECL, gukoresha ingufu ni nini kandi ubushyuhe ni bwinshi. Ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kigomba gusuzumwa muburyo. Niba ubushyuhe busanzwe bukoreshwa, chip ya GLINK igomba gushyirwa ahantu umwuka ugenda neza, kandi ubushyuhe bwarekuwe ntibushobora kugira ingaruka nini kubindi byuma. Niba ikibaho gifite amahembe cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi, birashoboka guteza umwanda mwinshi kumashanyarazi iyi ngingo nayo igomba gutera kwitabwaho bihagije.
3.Ibice bigize imiterere
Kimwe mubintu byambere ugomba gusuzuma muburyo bwibigize ni imikorere yamashanyarazi. Shira ibice bifite isano ya hafi hamwe bishoboka. Cyane cyane kumurongo wihuta cyane, imiterere igomba gutuma iba ngufi ishoboka, kandi ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi nibikoresho bito byerekana ibimenyetso bigomba gutandukana. Mugihe cyo guhura imikorere yumuzunguruko, ibice bigomba gushyirwaho neza, byiza, kandi byoroshye kugerageza. Ingano yubukanishi bwibibaho hamwe na soketi nayo igomba kwitabwaho cyane.
Ihererekanyabubasha ryatinze igihe cyubutaka no guhuza muri sisitemu yihuta nacyo nicyo kintu cya mbere kigomba gusuzumwa muburyo bwa sisitemu. Igihe cyo kohereza kumurongo wumurongo kigira ingaruka zikomeye kumuvuduko rusange wa sisitemu, cyane cyane kumuvuduko mwinshi wa ECL. Nubwo imiyoboro yumuzunguruko ubwayo ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, umuvuduko wa sisitemu urashobora kugabanuka cyane kubera kwiyongera kwigihe cyo gutinda kizanwa no guhuza bisanzwe kuri plaque yo hepfo (hafi 2ns gutinda kumurongo wa 30cm). Kimwe na rejisitiri ya shift, syncronisation compte ubu bwoko bwa syncronisation igice cyakazi gishyirwa kumurongo umwe wacometse kumurongo umwe, kubera ko itumanaho ryo gutinda ryigihe cyamasaha yisaha kubibaho bitandukanye byacometse ntabwo bingana, birashobora gutuma igitabo cyimuka gitanga umusaruro ikosa nyamukuru, niba ridashobora gushyirwa ku kibaho, muri syncronisation ni ahantu h'ingenzi, kuva isoko isanzwe yisoko kugeza plug-in ikibaho cyumurongo wamasaha igomba kuba ingana
4.Ibitekerezo byo gukoresha insinga
Hamwe no kuzuza OTNI hamwe ninyenyeri ya fibre ya neteur, hazaba hari imbaho zirenga 100MHz + zifite imirongo yerekana ibimenyetso byihuta igomba gutegurwa mugihe kizaza.
