Mbere yo gushushanya icyapa cyumuzingo cyacapwe, birakenewe kumenya niba wakoresha urwego rumwe cyangwa PCB nyinshi. Ubwoko bwibishushanyo byombi birasanzwe. None ni ubuhe bwoko bubereye umushinga wawe? Ni irihe tandukaniro? Nkuko izina ribivuga, ikibaho kimwe gifite ikibaho kimwe gusa cyibikoresho fatizo, nanone bita substrate, mugihe PCB igizwe nabantu benshi ifite ibice byinshi.
Ibyiza nibisabwa byubuyobozi bumwe
Ikibaho kimwe gusa rimwe na rimwe byitwa ikibaho kimwe. Muri rusange, hari ibice kuruhande rwibibaho hamwe numuringa wumuringa kurundi ruhande. Ikibaho kimwe kigizwe nigice fatizo, icyuma kiyobora, hamwe na mask yo kugurisha. Ibikoresho bya firime na silike.
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Ibyiza nibibi bya PCB imwe
Ibyiza: igiciro gito, igishushanyo cyoroshye n'umusaruro, igihe gito cyo gutanga
Ibibi: Kubikorwa bigoye, cyane cyane iyo umubare wibigize ari munini, niba ingano isabwa ari nto, akanama kamwe ntigashobora gukora ubushobozi buke bwo gukora, ubunini bunini, nuburemere bunini.
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Porogaramu imwe ya PCB
Umwanya umwe wahindutse guhitamo ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya elegitoronike bitewe nigiciro cyacyo gito kandi umusaruro ugereranije. Nubwo imbaho nyinshi zigenda zamamara uko ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoronike rigenda rirushaho kuba ingorabahizi, ikibaho kimwe kiracyakoreshwa cyane. Mubisanzwe bigaragara mubikoresho bifite imikorere imwe kandi ntibakeneye kubika amakuru menshi cyangwa kugera kumurongo.
PCBs imwe-imwe ikoreshwa mubikoresho bito byo murugo (nk'imashini ya kawa). Nibindi PCB ikoreshwa mubibara byinshi, amaradiyo, icapiro n'amatara ya LED. Ibikoresho byoroshye byo kubika nka disiki-ikomeye ya disiki akenshi ikoresha PCBs imwe, kimwe nibigize ibikoresho nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi nubwoko butandukanye bwa sensor.
Ibyiza nibisabwa byubuyobozi bwinshi
PCBs nyinshi-igizwe na bitatu cyangwa byinshi birenga impande zombi zegeranye hejuru yizindi. Mubisanzwe, umubare wibice byubuyobozi bwinshi ni mubare uringaniye, hagati ya 4 na 12. Ubona gute ukoresheje umubare udasanzwe w'ibyiciro? Kuberako umubare udasanzwe wibice bizatera ibibazo nka warpage no kugoreka nyuma yo gusudira.
Hano hari ibyuma byiyobora kumpande zombi za buri substrate kurwego rwibibaho byinshi. Igikoresho kidasanzwe gikoreshwa muguhuza izo mbaho hamwe, kandi hariho ibikoresho byikingira hagati ya buri kibaho. Kuruhande rwinyuma rwibibaho byinshi ni masike yo kugurisha.
Ikibaho kinini koresha binyuze mu mwobo kugirango ibice bitandukanye bivugane. Binyuze mu mwobo muri rusange bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu:
Binyuze mu mwobo: unyuze kuri buri cyiciro cyumuzunguruko;
umwobo uhumye: guhuza urwego rwinyuma nu gice cyimbere;
Yashyinguwe binyuze: Huza ibice bibiri by'imbere, kandi ntibishobora kuboneka hanze.
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Ibyiza nibibi bya PCB nyinshi
Ibyiza: gushobora gukora imirimo igoye, ireme ryiza, imbaraga nyinshi, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukora n'umuvuduko wihuse, byongerewe igihe kirekire, ubunini buto n'uburemere bworoshye.
Ibibi: igiciro cyinshi, igishushanyo mbonera n’umusaruro bigoye, igihe cyo gutanga igihe kirekire, kubungabunga bigoye.
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Porogaramu nyinshi PCB
Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, PCBs nyinshi zabaye nyinshi. Ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoroniki uyumunsi bifite imikorere igoye nubunini buto, kuburyo ibice byinshi bigomba gukoreshwa kubibaho byumuzunguruko.
Ibibaho byinshi byacapwe byumuzunguruko bigaragara mubice byinshi bya mudasobwa, harimo imbaho na seriveri. Kuva kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa na tableti kugeza kuri terefone zifite ubwenge n'amasaha meza. Amaterefone yubwenge mubisanzwe akenera ibice 12. Ibindi bicuruzwa ntabwo bigoye nka terefone zifite ubwenge, ariko biragoye cyane kubibaho byanditseho uruziga rumwe, mubisanzwe ukoresha ibice 4 kugeza 8. Nka ziko rya microwave hamwe nicyuma gikonjesha.
Mubyongeyeho, kubera kwizerwa, ubunini buto nigishushanyo cyoroheje gisabwa nibikoresho byubuvuzi, barashobora kwiruka ku kibaho gifite ibice birenga bitatu. Ibibaho byinshi byacapishijwe imbaho nabyo bikoreshwa mumashini ya X-ray, monitor yumutima, ibikoresho byo gusikana CAT nibindi bikorwa byinshi.
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga n’ikirere nazo ziragenda zikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoronike biramba kandi biremereye, kandi muri rusange bikoresha imbaho nyinshi. Ibi bice bigomba kuba bishobora kwihanganira kwambara, ubushyuhe bwinshi nibindi bihe bibi. Mudasobwa ziri mu ndege, sisitemu ya GPS, ibyuma bya moteri, hamwe n’amatara maremare muri rusange nayo ikoresha imbaho nyinshi.
Nigute ushobora kumenya ibikenewe kuri PCB imwe
Kugirango umenye niba umushinga wawe usaba urwego rumwe cyangwa urwego rwinshi rwacapwe rwumuzunguruko, ugomba gusuzuma ibikenewe byumushinga nubwoko bukwiye. Ibaze ibibazo bitanu bikurikira:
1. Ni uruhe rwego rw'imikorere nkeneye? Niba bigoye cyane, ibice byinshi birashobora gukenerwa.
2. Ni ubuhe bunini ntarengwa bw'inama? Ikibaho kinini gishobora kwakira imirimo myinshi mumwanya muto.
3. Kuramba birashyirwa imbere? Niba aribyo, koresha ibice byinshi.
4. Bije yanjye niyihe? Kubireba bije yoroheje, imbaho imwe ikora neza.
5. Nkeneye PCB kugeza ryari? Ugereranije nibice byinshi byacapwe byumuzunguruko, umurongo umwe wacapwe wumuzunguruko ufite igihe gito cyo kuyobora.