Muburyo bwo gushushanya PCB, kugabana indege yingufu cyangwa kugabana indege yubutaka bizaganisha ku ndege ituzuye. Muri ubu buryo, iyo ikimenyetso kiyobowe, indege yacyo izagenda iva mu ndege imwe igana ku yindi ndege. Iyi phenomenon yitwa signal span igabana.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyibice byambukiranya ibintu
Gutandukanya ibice, kubimenyetso byihuta bishobora kutagira isano, ariko muburyo bwihuse bwikimenyetso cya sisitemu, ibimenyetso byihuta bifata indege yerekeza nkinzira yo kugaruka, ni ukuvuga inzira yo kugaruka. Iyo indege yerekanwe ituzuye, ingaruka mbi zikurikira zizabaho: kwambukiranya ibice ntibishobora kuba ngombwa kubimenyetso byihuta, ariko muri sisitemu yihuta yihuta ya sisitemu, ibimenyetso byihuta bifata indege yerekanwe nkinzira yo kugaruka, ko ni, Garuka Inzira. Iyo indege yerekanwe ituzuye, ingaruka mbi zikurikira zizabaho:
l Guhagarika inzitizi bivamo gukora insinga;
l Biroroshye gutera inzira hagati y'ibimenyetso;
l Bitera gutekereza hagati y'ibimenyetso;
l Ibisohoka byasohotse biroroshye kunyeganyega mukongera agace kazengurutswe nubu hamwe ninduction ya loop.
Imirasire yivanga mumwanya iriyongera kandi umurima wa magneti mumwanya bigira ingaruka byoroshye.
l Ongera amahirwe yo guhuza magneti hamwe nizindi nzitizi kurubaho;
l Umuvuduko mwinshi wa voltage ugabanuka kumurongo wa loop ugizwe nisoko rusange-yimirasire yumuriro, ikorwa binyuze mumigozi yo hanze.
Kubwibyo, insinga za PCB zigomba kuba hafi yindege ishoboka, kandi ukirinda gutandukana. Niba ari ngombwa kurenga ibice cyangwa ntibishobora kuba hafi yindege yubutaka, ibi bintu biremewe gusa kumurongo muto wibimenyetso.
Gutunganya ibice mubice
Niba gutandukana byanze bikunze mugushushanya kwa PCB, wabikemura ute? Muri iki kibazo, igice kigomba gukosorwa kugirango gitange inzira ngufi yo kugaruka kubimenyetso. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya burimo kongeramo ubushobozi bwo gusana no kwambuka ikiraro.
l Ububiko
Ubushobozi bwa 0402 cyangwa 0603 ceramic capacitor ifite ubushobozi bwa 0.01uF cyangwa 0.1uF mubisanzwe ishyirwa kumurongo wambukiranya ibimenyetso. Niba umwanya ubyemerera, izindi capacator nyinshi zirashobora kongerwamo.
Mugihe kimwe, gerageza urebe ko insinga yikimenyetso iri murwego rwa 200mil yo kudoda, kandi intera ntoya, nibyiza; Imiyoboro kumpande zombi za capacitori ihuye numuyoboro windege yerekanirwamo ibimenyetso. Reba imiyoboro ihujwe kumpera zombi za capacitori mumashusho hepfo. Imiyoboro ibiri itandukanye yerekanwe mumabara abiri ni:
lIkiraro hejuru y'insinga
Birasanzwe "inzira yubutaka" ikimenyetso kinyuranyo mubice bigabanijwe, kandi birashobora no kuba indi mirongo yerekana imiyoboro, umurongo "wubutaka" ubunini bushoboka
Ubuhanga bwihuta bwo gukoresha ibimenyetso
a)guhuza abantu benshi
Umuvuduko mwinshi wikimenyetso cyumuzunguruko akenshi ufite kwishyira hamwe kwinshi, ubwinshi bwinsinga, gukoresha ikibaho cyinshi ntigikenewe gusa, ariko kandi nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya kwivanga.
Guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro birashobora kugabanya cyane ubunini bwicapiro, birashobora gukoresha neza urwego ruciriritse kugirango ushireho ingabo, birashobora kumenya neza aho biri hafi, bishobora kugabanya neza induction ya parasitike, birashobora kugabanya neza uburebure bwikwirakwizwa ryikimenyetso , irashobora kugabanya cyane kwambukiranya umusaraba hagati yibimenyetso, nibindi.
b)Ntibigoramye kuyobora, nibyiza
Isasu rito ryunamye hagati yipine yibikoresho byihuta byumuzunguruko, nibyiza.
Inzira yo kwiyobora yihuta yerekana ibimenyetso byihuta byerekana inzira igororotse kandi ikeneye guhinduka, ishobora gukoreshwa nka 45 ° polyline cyangwa arc ihinduka. Iki gisabwa gikoreshwa gusa mugutezimbere imbaraga zifata ibyuma mumashanyarazi make.
Mumurongo wihuta, kuzuza iki cyifuzo birashobora kugabanya ihererekanyabubasha hamwe no guhuza ibimenyetso byihuta, kandi bikagabanya imirasire no kwerekana ibimenyetso.
c)Mugufi kuyobora, nibyiza
Mugihe kigufi kiyobora hagati yipine yikimenyetso cyihuta cyerekana ibimenyetso byumuzunguruko, nibyiza.
Umwanya muremure, nini nini yagabanijwe inductance hamwe nubushobozi bwa capacitance, bizagira uruhare runini kuri sisitemu ya signal ya radiyo yihuta cyane, ariko kandi ihindure inzitizi iranga uruziga, bikavamo gutekereza no kunyeganyega kwa sisitemu.
d)Ibishobora guhinduka hagati yubuyobozi, nibyiza
Guhinduranya gake hagati ya pin yibikoresho byihuta byumuzunguruko, nibyiza.
Ibyo bita "uburyo buke bwo guhinduranya inzira, nibyiza" bivuze ko imyobo mike ikoreshwa muguhuza ibice, nibyiza. Byapimwe ko umwobo umwe ushobora kuzana 0.5pf ya capacitance yagabanijwe, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera gukabije gutinda kwumuzunguruko, kugabanya umubare wibyobo bishobora kuzamura umuvuduko cyane
e)Icyitonderwa kibangikanye
Umuyoboro wihuta wihuta ugomba kwitondera "kwambukiranya umusaraba" watangijwe numurongo wikimenyetso intera ngufi ugereranije. Niba kugabana kubangikanye bidashobora kwirindwa, agace kanini k '"ubutaka" karashobora gutondekwa kuruhande rwumurongo ugereranya kugirango ugabanye cyane.
f)Irinde amashami n'ibiti
Umuyoboro wihuta wihuta ugomba kwirinda amashami cyangwa gukora Stub.
Ibibyimba bigira ingaruka zikomeye kuri impedance kandi birashobora gutera ibimenyetso byerekana no kurasa, bityo rero tugomba kwirinda ibishishwa n'amashami mugushushanya.
Umuyoboro wa Daisy uzagabanya ingaruka ku kimenyetso.
g)Imirongo yikimenyetso ijya imbere imbere hashoboka
Umurongo mwinshi wumurongo ugenda hejuru biroroshye kubyara imirasire nini ya electromagnetique, kandi biroroshye no kubangamirwa nimirasire yumuriro wa electronique cyangwa ibintu.
Umurongo mwinshi wumurongo wumurongo unyuzwa hagati yumuriro ninsinga zubutaka, binyuze mumashanyarazi ya electromagnetic yumuriro wamashanyarazi hamwe nigice cyo hasi, imirasire yakozwe izagabanuka cyane.