Ubwenge hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura PCB: reba, umva, impumuro, gukoraho…

1. Birabujijwe rwose gukoresha ibikoresho byipimisha hasi kugirango ukore kuri TV, amajwi, amashusho nibindi bikoresho bya plaque yo hepfo kugirango ugerageze ikibaho cya PCB udafite transformateur wenyine.

Birabujijwe rwose kugerageza mu buryo butaziguye TV, amajwi, videwo n'ibindi bikoresho bidafite imashini itandukanya amashanyarazi hamwe n'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bifite ibishishwa.Nubwo amajwi rusange ya radio na cassette bifata amashanyarazi, mugihe uhuye nibindi bikoresho byihariye bya TV cyangwa amajwi, cyane cyane ingufu zisohoka cyangwa imiterere yumuriro w'amashanyarazi wakoreshejwe, ugomba kubanza kumenya niba chassis yimashini ari kwishyurwa, naho ubundi biroroshye cyane TV, amajwi nibindi bikoresho byashizwe kumasahani yo hepfo bitera umuzunguruko mugufi w'amashanyarazi, bigira ingaruka kumuzunguruko uhuriweho, bigatera kwaguka kwamakosa.

2. Witondere imikorere ya insulasiyo yo kugurisha mugihe ugerageza ikibaho cya PCB

Ntabwo byemewe gukoresha icyuma cyo kugurisha kugurisha nimbaraga.Menya neza ko icyuma cyo kugurisha kitishyurwa.Nibyiza guhonda igikonoshwa cyicyuma.Witondere cyane kumuzunguruko wa MOS.Ni byiza gukoresha icyuma gito cyo kugurisha icyuma cya 6 ~ 8V.

3. Menya ihame ryakazi ryumuzunguruko hamwe nizunguruka zijyanye mbere yo kugerageza imbaho ​​za PCB

Mbere yo kugenzura no gusana uruziga rwinjizwamo, ugomba kubanza kumenyera imikorere yumuzunguruko uhuriweho wakoreshejwe, umuzenguruko w'imbere, ibipimo nyamukuru by'amashanyarazi, uruhare rwa buri pin, hamwe na voltage isanzwe ya pin, imiterere yumurongo nakazi. ihame ryumuzunguruko ugizwe nibice bya periferi.Niba ibisabwa haruguru byujujwe, gusesengura no kugenzura bizoroha cyane.

4. Ntugateze imiyoboro migufi hagati ya pin mugihe ugerageza PCB

Mugihe upima voltage cyangwa kugerageza imiraba hamwe na oscilloscope probe, ntutere umuzenguruko mugufi hagati yimipira yumuzingi uhuriweho kubera kunyerera kwizamini cyangwa kuyobora.Nibyiza gupima kuri peripheri yacapishijwe umuzenguruko uhujwe neza na pin.Inzira ngufi yigihe gito irashobora kwangiza byoroshye uruziga rwuzuye, bityo rero witondere mugihe ugerageza igipapuro-cyuzuye cya CMOS cyuzuye.

5. Kurwanya imbere mubikoresho bya test ya PCB bigomba kuba binini

Iyo upimye voltage ya DC ya pin ya IC, hagomba gukoreshwa multimeter ifite imbere imbere yumutwe wa metero irenga 20KΩ / V, bitabaye ibyo hazabaho ikosa rinini ryo gupima kuri voltage ya pin zimwe.

6. Witondere ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu zumuzunguruko mugihe ugerageza imbaho ​​za PCB

Umuzunguruko w'amashanyarazi ugomba gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza, kandi ntibyemewe gukora munsi yumuriro mwinshi udafite ubushyuhe.

7. Umugozi wambere wubuyobozi bwa PCB ugomba kuba ushyira mu gaciro

Niba ukeneye kongeramo ibice byo hanze kugirango usimbuze igice cyangiritse cyumuzunguruko uhuriweho, hagomba gukoreshwa ibice bito, kandi insinga zigomba kuba zifite ishingiro kugirango wirinde guhuza parasitike bitari ngombwa, cyane cyane guhuza hagati yimbaraga zamajwi zuzuza amajwi hamwe nu muzingo wa preamplifier. .

8. Reba ku kibaho cya PCB kugirango umenye ubuziranenge bwo gusudira

Iyo kugurisha, uwagurishije arashikamye, kandi kwegeranya kugurisha hamwe nu byobo bishobora gutera kugurisha ibinyoma.Igihe cyo kugurisha muri rusange ntabwo kirenze amasegonda 3, kandi imbaraga zicyuma zigurisha zigomba kuba nka 25W hamwe no gushyushya imbere.Umuzunguruko uhuriweho wagurishijwe ugomba kugenzurwa neza.Nibyiza gukoresha ohmmeter kugirango umenye niba hari umuzunguruko mugufi hagati yipine, wemeze ko ntagurisha ryabacuruzi, hanyuma ufungure amashanyarazi.
9. Ntugahite umenya ibyangiritse byumuzunguruko mugihe ugerageza ikibaho cya PCB

Ntugacire urubanza ko umuzunguruko wangiritse wangiritse byoroshye.Kuberako imiyoboro myinshi ihuriweho hamwe ihujwe neza, iyo umuzunguruko udasanzwe, birashobora gutera impinduka nyinshi za voltage, kandi izi mpinduka ntabwo byanze bikunze biterwa no kwangirika kwumuzunguruko.Mubyongeyeho, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, voltage yapimwe ya buri pin itandukanye nibisanzwe Iyo indangagaciro zihuye cyangwa zegeranye, ntibishobora guhora bivuze ko umuzunguruko ari mwiza.Kuberako amakosa yoroheje amwe ntabwo azatera impinduka muri voltage ya DC.

02
Uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo bya PCB

Kubuyobozi bushya bwa PCB bumaze gusubizwa inyuma, tugomba mbere na mbere kureba neza niba hari ibibazo biri ku kibaho, nko kumenya niba hari ibice bigaragara, imiyoboro migufi, imiyoboro ifunguye, n'ibindi nibiba ngombwa, reba niba guhangana hagati yabyo amashanyarazi hamwe nubutaka ni bunini bihagije.

Kubuyobozi bushya bwumuzunguruko, gukemura akenshi bihura ningorane zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane iyo ikibaho ari kinini kandi hari ibice byinshi, akenshi ntibishoboka gutangira.Ariko niba uzi neza uburyo bukwiye bwo gukemura ibibazo, gukemura bizabona inshuro ebyiri ibisubizo hamwe nigice cyimbaraga.

Intambwe yo gukemura ibibazo bya PCB:

1. Kubuyobozi bushya bwa PCB bumaze gusubizwa inyuma, tugomba mbere na mbere kureba neza niba hari ibibazo biri ku kibaho, nko kumenya niba hari ibice bigaragara, imiyoboro migufi, imiyoboro ifunguye, n'ibindi nibiba ngombwa, urashobora kugenzura niba guhangana hagati yumuriro nubutaka ari binini bihagije.

2. Noneho ibice byashizweho.Module yigenga, niba utazi neza ko ikora neza, nibyiza kutayishyiraho yose, ariko ushyire igice kubice (kumirongo mito mito, urashobora kuyishyiraho icyarimwe), kugirango byoroshye kubimenya Ikosa.Iyo uhuye nibibazo, ntushobora gutangira.

Mubisanzwe, urashobora kubanza gushiraho amashanyarazi, hanyuma hanyuma hanyuma ukareba niba ingufu ziva mumashanyarazi ari ibisanzwe.Niba udafite ikizere kinini mugihe ufite ingufu (niyo waba ubizi neza, birasabwa ko wongera fuse, mugihe bibaye), tekereza gukoresha amashanyarazi ashobora kugenzurwa hamwe nibikorwa bigabanya ubu.

Banza ushireho uburinzi burenze urugero, hanyuma wongere buhoro buhoro agaciro ka voltage yumuriro wagenwe, hanyuma ukurikirane ibyinjira, ibyinjira byinjira nibisohoka.Niba nta kurinda gukabije hamwe nibindi bibazo mugihe cyo guhinduka hejuru, hamwe na voltage yasohotse igeze mubisanzwe, amashanyarazi ni meza.Bitabaye ibyo, hagarika amashanyarazi, shakisha aho ikosa, hanyuma usubiremo intambwe yavuzwe haruguru kugeza amashanyarazi asanzwe.

3. Ibikurikira, shyiramo izindi module buhoro buhoro.Igihe cyose module yashizwemo, imbaraga kuri no kugerageza.Mugihe ukoresha, kurikiza intambwe zavuzwe haruguru kugirango wirinde kurenza urugero byatewe namakosa yo gushushanya hamwe na / cyangwa amakosa yo kwishyiriraho hanyuma ugatwika ibice.