Ibi bivuze iki ku nganda yihuta ya PCB?
Mbere ya byose, mugihe cyo gushushanya no kubaka ibice bya PCB, ibintu bifatika bigomba gushyirwa imbere. 5G PCBs igomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byose mugihe itwaye no kwakira itumanaho ryamakuru, gutanga imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, no gutanga igenzura kubikorwa byihariye. Byongeye kandi, ibibazo bya PCB bizakenera gukemurwa, nko gukomeza ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso ku muvuduko mwinshi, gucunga amashyuza, nuburyo bwo kwirinda kwivanga kwa electronique (EMI) hagati yamakuru na kibaho.

Ikimenyetso kivanze cyakira ibishushanyo mbonera
Uyu munsi, sisitemu nyinshi zirimo guhangana na 4G na 3G PCB. Ibi bivuze ko ibice byohereza no kwakira inshuro zingana ni 600 MHz kugeza 5.925 GHz, naho umuyoboro mugari ni 20 MHz, cyangwa 200 kHz kuri sisitemu ya IoT. Mugihe utegura PCB kuri sisitemu ya 5G, ibyo bice bizakenera milimetero yumurongo wa 28 GHz, 30 GHz cyangwa 77 GHz, bitewe na porogaramu. Kumurongo mugari, sisitemu ya 5G izatunganya 100MHz munsi ya 6GHz na 400MHz hejuru ya 6GHz.

Umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe numurongo mwinshi bizakenera gukoresha ibikoresho bibereye muri PCB kugirango icyarimwe ufate kandi wohereze ibimenyetso byo hasi kandi biri hejuru nta gutakaza ibimenyetso na EMI. Ikindi kibazo nuko ibikoresho bizagenda byoroha, byoroshye, kandi bito. Bitewe n'uburemere bukabije, ingano n'imbogamizi z'umwanya, ibikoresho bya PCB bigomba kuba byoroshye kandi byoroheje kugirango byemere ibikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki ku kibaho.

Kuri PCB yumuringa wumuringa, hagomba gukurikiranwa ibimenyetso byoroheje no kugenzura inzitizi zikomeye. Uburyo bwa subtractive etching inzira ikoreshwa kuri 3G na 4G yihuta PCBs irashobora guhindurwa muburyo bwahinduwe bwongeweho. Izi nzira zongeweho zongeweho zizatanga ibisobanuro nyabyo hamwe nurukuta rukomeye.

Ibikoresho fatizo nabyo birasubirwamo. Ibigo byandika byumuzunguruko byanditse byiga ibikoresho bifite dielectric ihoraho munsi ya 3, kuko ibikoresho bisanzwe kuri PCB yihuta mubisanzwe ni 3.5 kugeza 5.5. Ikirahure cyinshi cya fibre fibre, ibikoresho byo gutakaza igihombo hamwe numuringa muke nabyo bizahinduka guhitamo PCB yihuta kubimenyetso bya digitale, bityo bikarinda gutakaza ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso.

Ikibazo cyo gukingira EMI
EMI, kwambukiranya hamwe na parasitike capacitance nikibazo nyamukuru cyibibaho byumuzunguruko. Kugirango uhangane ninzira nyabagendwa na EMI bitewe na analog na numero ya digitale kurubaho, birasabwa cyane gutandukanya ibimenyetso. Gukoresha imbaho ​​nyinshi bizatanga impinduramatwara nziza kugirango hamenyekane uburyo bwo gushyira inzira yihuta cyane kuburyo inzira zo kugereranya no kugaruka kwa digitale zibikwa kure yizindi, mugihe imirongo ya AC na DC itandukanye. Ongeraho gukingira no kuyungurura mugihe ushizemo ibice bigomba no kugabanya urugero rwa EMI karemano kuri PCB.

Kugirango hamenyekane neza ko nta nenge nizunguruka zikomeye cyangwa imiyoboro ifunguye hejuru yumuringa, sisitemu igezweho yo kugenzura optique (AIO) ifite imikorere ihanitse hamwe na 2D metrology izakoreshwa mugusuzuma ibimenyetso byabayobora no kubipima. Izi tekinoroji zizafasha abakora PCB gushakisha ingaruka zishobora gutesha agaciro.

Ibibazo byo gucunga ubushyuhe
Umuvuduko mwinshi wikimenyetso uzatera ikigezweho binyuze muri PCB kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibikoresho bya PCB kubikoresho bya dielectric hamwe na substrate yibanze bizakenera gukora bihagije umuvuduko mwinshi usabwa nikoranabuhanga rya 5G. Niba ibikoresho bidahagije, birashobora gutera ibimenyetso byumuringa, gukuramo, kugabanuka no kugabanuka, kuko ibyo bibazo bizatera PCB kwangirika.

Kugirango uhangane nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, abayikora bazakenera kwibanda ku guhitamo ibikoresho bikemura ibibazo byumuriro nubushyuhe bwa coefficient. Ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwiza, hamwe na dielectric ihoraho bigomba gukoreshwa kugirango PCB nziza itange ibintu 5G byose bisabwa kuriyi porogaramu.