Inzira ya elegitoroniki yimodoka ituma imbaho ​​zumuzunguruko zigira uruhare rukomeye mumodoka. Gukoresha imbaho ​​z'umuzunguruko ntabwo bifitanye isano n'imikorere ya sisitemu ya elegitoronike gusa, ahubwo bifitanye isano n'umutekano no kwizerwa kw'imodoka. Gukosora amategeko nogukoresha neza nibyo shingiro ryimikorere yimodoka ikora neza kandi ihamye. Uyu munsi ndashaka gusangira nawe amategeko shingiro hamwe nubuziranenge bwimodoka yumuzunguruko

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Imiterere ya modular: imiterere ukurikije module ikora yumuzunguruko, hamwe nibice bifitanye isano bizunguruka bigomba gushyirwaho muburyo bukomatanyije kugirango bigabanye imirongo ihuza kandi bigabanye kwivanga.

Intsinga z'amashanyarazi nubutaka mbere: Cabling igomba kubanza gusuzuma imiterere yimbaraga ninsinga zubutaka. Bikwiye kuba binini bihagije kugirango bitware ibyateganijwe kandi bigabanye ibitonyanga bya voltage hamwe nimbaraga za electronique.

Irinde ibizunguruka: Gerageza kwirinda gukora ibimenyetso binini byerekana ibimenyetso mugihe cyo kugabanya imirasire ya electromagnetique no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso.

Ibimenyetso bitandukanye: Kubimenyetso bitandukanye, komeza inzira ebyiri hafi kugirango ugabanye ubusumbane butandukanye no kwivanga hanze.

Irinde impande zikarishye nu mfuruka iburyo: Irinde inguni 90 ° nu mfuruka zityaye mugihe wiring. Inguni nziza cyane ni 45 ° kugirango igabanye ibitekerezo no guhagarika inzitizi mugutanga ibimenyetso.

Kurinda ibimenyetso byingenzi: Kumurongo wingenzi wibimenyetso, insinga zubutaka zigomba gukoreshwa mugukingira, kandi umubare wa vias ugomba kugabanuka kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso.

Ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso: Reba ubudakemwa bwibimenyetso mugihe wiring, irinde umurongo muremure cyane wihuta wumurongo wibimenyetso, kandi ubike amanota yibizamini nibiba ngombwa.

Ibishushanyo mbonera byubushyuhe: Kubice bifite imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi, inzira zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe zigomba gutekerezwa mugihe cyo kwifuza kugirango ubushyuhe bugabanuke.

二 、 Ibipimo ngenderwaho byakurikijwe ibyuma byumuzunguruko wimodoka

Ibipimo bya IPC: Kurikiza igishushanyo mbonera cy’umuzunguruko cyacapwe hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho byakozwe na federasiyo mpuzamahanga yinganda za elegitoroniki (IPC).

IATF16949: Ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga bwo gucunga ubuziranenge mu nganda z’imodoka, kwemeza ibicuruzwa na serivisi mu rwego rwo gutanga isoko.

Ibipimo bya UL: ibipimo byumutekano birimo ibikoresho byumuzunguruko hamwe nigishushanyo, cyane cyane ibintu bya flame retardant.

Ibipimo bya EMC / EMI: Guhuza amashanyarazi hamwe nuburinganire bwa electromagnetique yerekana ko sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka itazabangamira isi kandi ntibiterwa no kwivanga hanze.

Ubushyuhe no guhuza ibidukikije: Ibishushanyo mbonera by’imodoka bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa mu bushyuhe bukabije n’ibidukikije bikaze.

Kwizerwa no kuramba: Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kwemeza ubwizerwe nigihe kirekire cyumuzunguruko mubuzima bwikinyabiziga.

Gukoresha ibyuma byumuzunguruko wimodoka nigikorwa kitoroshye kandi cyoroshye gisaba gutekereza cyane kubintu nkibikorwa byamashanyarazi, imicungire yumuriro, ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso, numutekano. Gukurikiza amategeko n'ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru birashobora gufasha kwemeza umusaruro wibikorwa byimikorere ihanitse, byizewe cyane kumashanyarazi yumuzunguruko wujuje ibyangombwa byinganda zikoresha amamodoka kubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki.

Muri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka, gutoranya ibikoresho byumuzunguruko nibyo nkingi yo kwemeza imikorere ya PCB no kwizerwa. Guhitamo ibikoresho neza ntabwo bigira ingaruka gusa kumiterere yumubiri nubumashini byubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko, ahubwo bifitanye isano itaziguye numutekano numutekano wa sisitemu ya elegitoroniki.

Reka twige kubyingenzi byingenzi mugutoranya ibinyabiziga byumuzunguruko wibikoresho, ingaruka zo guhitamo ibikoresho kuri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka, hamwe nubuziranenge rusange bwo guhitamo ibikoresho byimodoka.

三 factors Ibintu byingenzi muguhitamo ibinyabiziga byumuzunguruko ：

Imikorere yubushyuhe: Kurwanya ubushyuhe hamwe na coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwibintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere nubuzima bwikibaho cyumuzunguruko ahantu hashyuha cyane.

Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi: harimo dielectric ihoraho, irwanya insulasiyo, nibindi. Ibi bipimo bigira ingaruka kumiterere yikimenyetso cyikibaho.

Ibikoresho bya mashini: nkimbaraga zingutu, imbaraga zidasanzwe, nibindi, bigena ituze ryumubiri nigihe kirekire cyumuzunguruko.

Ibidukikije bikwiye: Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bishobora guhangana nubushuhe, kwangirika kwimiti no kunyeganyega mubidukikije ikinyabiziga gikoreramo.

Flame retardancy: Ibikoresho byumuzunguruko wibinyabiziga bigomba kugira urwego runaka rwo kutagira umuriro kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byumutekano.

Igiciro cyubukungu: Igiciro cyibikoresho nacyo ni ikintu cyingenzi ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo icyitegererezo kugirango hamenyekane isoko ryibicuruzwa.

四 、 Ingaruka zo guhitamo ibikoresho kuri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka ：

Kwizerwa: Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge byumuzunguruko birashobora kunoza kwizerwa no gutuza kwa sisitemu ya elegitoroniki.

Umutekano: Ibikoresho byiza bya flame retardant bifasha kugabanya ingaruka zumuriro no kurinda umutekano wabagenzi.

Kuramba: Ibikoresho byiza byubukanishi no guhuza ibidukikije byemeza igihe kirekire cyumuzunguruko mubidukikije.

Imikorere ihamye: Ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho byiza byamashanyarazi byemeza itumanaho ryogukwirakwiza ibimenyetso nibikorwa byigihe kirekire byubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko.

Kugenzura ibiciro: Ibiciro bifatika bifasha kugenzura ibiciro byo gukora ibinyabiziga no kuzamura isoko.

五 ards Ibipimo byo guhitamo ibikoresho rusange byumuzunguruko ：

Ibipimo ngenderwaho mpuzamahanga byubahirizwa: Kurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga nka IPC (Guhuza no gupakira imiyoboro ya elegitoroniki) na ISO (Umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuziranenge).

Kurwanya ubushyuhe: Hitamo ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa moteri yimodoka. Muri rusange, basabwa kwihanganira ubushyuhe nibura 105 ° C kugeza kuri 150 ° C.

Icyiciro cya flame retardant: Mubisanzwe bisabwa kugirango ugere kumikorere ya flame retardant ya UL94V-0 cyangwa irenga.

Kurwanya ibidukikije: Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bishobora kurwanya ibidukikije nkubushuhe, gutera umunyu, kwangirika kwimiti, nibindi mugihe ikora.

Imbaraga za mashini: Hitamo ibikoresho bifite imbaraga zihagije kandi zihindagurika kugirango uhangane nihungabana ryimashini.

Tg point (ubushyuhe bwinzibacyuho): Hitamo ibikoresho bifite Tg point yo hejuru kugirango umenye neza imashini nziza hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye mubushyuhe bwinshi.

Guhitamo ibikoresho byumuzunguruko wibinyabiziga nicyemezo cyuzuye gisaba gusuzuma ibintu byinshi nibipimo byerekana. Mugukurikiza ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru no gusuzuma ibintu byingenzi, ababikora barashobora kwemeza ubuziranenge nimikorere yibibaho byumuzunguruko, bityo bikazamura ubwizerwe numutekano bya sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kubona uruganda rwumuzunguruko nkaByihutaifite umutungo mwinshi kandi wizewe wibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.