Muri miniaturizasiya no kugorana ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho, PCB (icapiro ryumuzingo wacapwe) igira uruhare runini. Nka kiraro hagati yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, PCB itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza ibimenyetso no gutanga ingufu zihamye. Nyamara, mugihe cyibikorwa byayo byuzuye kandi bigoye, inenge zitandukanye zibaho rimwe na rimwe, bigira ingaruka kumikorere no kwizerwa kwibicuruzwa. Iyi ngingo izaganira nawe muburyo busanzwe bwinenge bwibibaho byumuzunguruko wa PCB nimpamvu zibitera, bitanga umurongo urambuye "kugenzura ubuzima" muburyo bwo gukora no gukora ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki.

1. Inzira ngufi hamwe n'umuzunguruko

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Amakosa yo Gushushanya: Uburangare mugihe cyicyiciro cyo gushushanya, nko guhuza inzira itandukanijwe cyangwa ibibazo byo guhuza hagati yinzego, birashobora kuganisha ku ikabutura cyangwa gufungura.

Igikorwa cyo gukora: Gutobora bituzuye, gutobora gucukura cyangwa kugurisha birwanya kuguma kuri padi bishobora gutera umuzenguruko mugufi cyangwa uruziga rufunguye.

2. Inenge ya masike ya solder

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Igipfundikizo kitaringaniye: Niba uwagurishije arwanya kugabanwa ku buryo butangana mugihe cyo gutwikira, ifu y'umuringa irashobora kugaragara, bikongera ibyago byo kuzunguruka.

Gukiza nabi: Kugenzura nabi ubushyuhe bwo guteka cyangwa igihe bitera uwagurishije kunanirwa gukira byimazeyo, bikagira ingaruka kuburinzi no kuramba.

3. Icapiro rya silike rifite inenge

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Icapiro ryukuri: Ibikoresho byo gucapura ecran bifite ubunyangamugayo budahagije cyangwa imikorere idakwiye, bikaviramo guhuzagurika, kubura cyangwa guhagarika inyuguti.

Ibibazo byubwiza bwa wino: Gukoresha wino yo hasi cyangwa kutabangikanya hagati ya wino nisahani bigira ingaruka kumvikana no gufatana ikirango.

4. Inenge

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Gutandukana gutobora: gutobora biti cyangwa guhagarikwa bidahwitse bituma umwobo wa diameter uba munini cyangwa ugatandukana nu mwanya wabigenewe.

Kurandura kashe ituzuye: Ibisigisigi bisigaye nyuma yo gucukura ntibikuweho burundu, bizagira ingaruka kumiterere yo gusudira nyuma no gukora amashanyarazi.

5. Gutandukana hagati yabantu no kubira ifuro

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe cyo kugurisha ibintu bishobora gutera kudahuza coefficient zo kwaguka hagati yibikoresho bitandukanye, bigatera gutandukana hagati yabyo.

Kwinjira k'ubushuhe: PCB zidapfunyitse zifata ubuhehere mbere yo guterana, zigakora ibibyimba byinshi mugihe cyo kugurisha, bigatera ibisebe imbere.

6. Isahani idahwitse

Isesengura ry'impamvu:

Isahani idahwanye: Gukwirakwiza kutaringaniye k'ubucucike buriho cyangwa ibice bidahindagurika byumuti wibisahani bivamo umubyimba utaringaniye wububiko bwumuringa, bigira ingaruka kumikorere no kugurishwa.

Umwanda: Umwanda mwinshi mubisubizo byisahani bigira ingaruka kumiterere yikibiriti ndetse bikabyara pinholes cyangwa ahantu habi.

Ingamba zo gukemura:

Mu gusubiza inenge zavuzwe haruguru, ingamba zafashwe zirimo ariko ntabwo zigarukira gusa:

Igishushanyo mbonera: Koresha software ya CAD igezweho kugirango ushushanye neza kandi ukore isuzuma rikomeye rya DFM (Igishushanyo mbonera).

Kunoza igenzura ryimikorere: Shimangira igenzura mugihe cyibikorwa, nko gukoresha ibikoresho bisobanutse neza no kugenzura neza ibipimo.

Guhitamo ibikoresho no gucunga: Hitamo ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi urebe neza uburyo bwo kubika kugirango wirinde ko ibikoresho bitangirika cyangwa ngo byangirike.

Igenzura ryiza: Shyira mubikorwa uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge, harimo AOI (kugenzura optique optique), kugenzura X-ray, nibindi, kugirango umenye kandi ukosore inenge mugihe gikwiye.

Mugusobanukirwa byimbitse inenge zumuzunguruko zisanzwe za PCB nimpamvu zibitera, abayikora barashobora gufata ingamba zifatika zo gukumira ibyo bibazo, bityo bikazamura umusaruro wibicuruzwa no kwemeza ubuziranenge kandi bwizewe bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, hariho ibibazo byinshi mubijyanye no gukora PCB, ariko binyuze mubuyobozi bwa siyanse no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ibyo bibazo biratsindwa umwe umwe.