Bowo loyendetsa Via hole limadziwikanso kuti kudzera pa dzenje. Kuti mukwaniritse zofuna za makasitomala, bolodi lozungulira kudzera pa dzenje liyenera kulumikizidwa. Pambuyo pochita zambiri, njira yolumikizira aluminiyamu yachikhalidwe imasinthidwa, ndipo chigoba cha solder board ndi plugging chimamalizidwa ndi mauna oyera. dzenje. Kupanga kokhazikika ndi khalidwe lodalirika.

Via hole imagwira ntchito yolumikizana ndi kuwongolera mizere. Kukula kwa makampani opanga zamagetsi kumalimbikitsanso chitukuko cha PCB, komanso kumapereka zofunikira pakupanga makina osindikizira komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba. Kudzera pa hole plugging teknoloji inayamba, ndipo iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

(1) Mu dzenje muli mkuwa wokha, ndipo chigoba cha solder chimatha kulumikizidwa kapena kusamalidwa;
(2) Payenera kukhala malata-kutsogolera mu dzenje, ndi zina makulidwe chofunika (4 microns), ndipo palibe solder chigoba inki ayenera kulowa dzenje, kuchititsa malata mikanda mu dzenje;
(3) Mabowo odutsa ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo a inki ya solder, opaque, ndipo sayenera kukhala ndi mphete za malata, mikanda ya malata, ndi zofunikira za flatness.

Ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimayang'ana "zopepuka, zoonda, zazifupi ndi zazing'ono", ma PCB nawonso ayamba kukhala ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ma SMT ambiri ndi ma PCB a BGA awonekera, ndipo makasitomala amafunikira plugging pakuyika zida, makamaka ntchito Zisanu:

(1) Pewani dera lalifupi lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi malata omwe amadutsa pamtunda kuchokera pabowo pamene PCB imagulitsidwa; makamaka pamene ife kuika kudzera dzenje pa BGA PAD, tiyenera choyamba kupanga dzenje pulagi ndiyeno golide-yokutidwa kuti atsogolere BGA soldering.

(2) Pewani zotsalira zotsalira mu vias;
(3) Pambuyo kukwera pamwamba pa fakitale yamagetsi ndi kusonkhanitsa zigawozo kumalizidwa, PCB iyenera kutsekedwa kuti ipange kupanikizika koipa pamakina oyesera kuti amalize:
(4) Pewani phala la solder kuti lisalowe mu dzenje, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabodza komanso kusokoneza kuyika;
(5) Pewani mikanda ya malata kuti isatuluke panthawi yowotchera, kupangitsa kuti mabwalo azifupi.

Pa matabwa okwera pamwamba, makamaka kuyika kwa BGA ndi IC, pulagi yodutsa dzenje iyenera kukhala yosalala, yopingasa ndi yopingasa kuphatikiza kapena kuchotsera 1mil, ndipo pasakhale malata ofiira m'mphepete mwa dzenje; The via dzenje amabisa mpira malata, kuti afikire makasitomala Njira pulagi kudzera mabowo tinganene kuti zosiyanasiyana. Kuthamanga kwa ndondomeko kumakhala kotalika kwambiri ndipo kuwongolera ndondomeko kumakhala kovuta. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto monga kutsika kwa mafuta panthawi yotentha ya mpweya komanso kuyesa kukana kwamafuta obiriwira; kuphulika kwa mafuta pambuyo pochiritsa. Tsopano malingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili pakupanga, njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizira PCB zimafotokozeredwa mwachidule, ndipo mafananidwe ena ndi mafotokozedwe amapangidwa munjira ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa:
Zindikirani: Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wotentha ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kuchotsa solder yochuluka kuchokera pamwamba ndi mabowo a bolodi losindikizidwa, ndipo solder yotsalayo imakutidwa mofanana pamapadi, mizere yosakanizika ya solder ndi malo oyika pamwamba, amene ali pamwamba mankhwala njira ya kusindikizidwa dera bolodi mmodzi.

I. Njira yolumikizira dzenje mutatha kukhazikika kwa mpweya wotentha

Mayendedwe ake ndi: board surface solder mask→HAL→bowo lapulagi→kuchiritsa. Njira yopanda plug imatengedwa kuti ipangidwe. Mpweya wotentha ukatenthedwa, chophimba cha aluminiyamu kapena chotchinga chotchinga cha inki chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalizitsa plugging ya dzenje yofunikira ndi kasitomala pamalinga onse. Inki yojambulira imatha kukhala inki yowoneka bwino kapena inki ya thermosetting. Pankhani yotsimikizira mtundu womwewo wa filimu yonyowa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito inki yofanana ndi bolodi pamwamba. Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti mabowo sangataye mafuta pakatha mpweya wotentha, koma n'zosavuta kupangitsa inki ya pulagi kuti iwononge gululo komanso losagwirizana. Makasitomala sachedwa soldering zabodza (makamaka BGA) pa okwera. Choncho makasitomala ambiri savomereza njira imeneyi.

II. Hot mpweya kusalaza kutsogolo pulagi dzenje ndondomeko

1. Gwiritsani ntchito pepala la aluminiyamu kuti mutseke dzenje, kulimbitsa, ndi kupukuta bolodi kuti mutengere chitsanzo
Njira yaukadauloyi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola a CNC pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange chinsalu, ndikutseka dzenjelo kuti liwonetsetse kuti dzenje ladzaza. Inki ya bowo ya pulagi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi inki yopangira thermosetting, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala amphamvu. , Kuchepa kwa utomoni ndi kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yogwirizanitsa ndi khoma la dzenje ndi yabwino. Mayendedwe ake ndi: chithandizo chisanachitike → bowo la pulagi → mbale yopera → kusamutsa chitsanzo → etching → chigoba cha board surface solder. Njirayi imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti bowo la pulagi la dzenjelo ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo sipadzakhala mavuto abwino monga kuphulika kwa mafuta ndi kutsika kwa mafuta m'mphepete mwa dzenje panthawi yotentha ya mpweya. Komabe, njirayi imafuna kukhuthala kamodzi kwa mkuwa kuti makulidwe amkuwa a khoma la dzenje akwaniritse muyezo wa kasitomala. Choncho, zofunikira zopangira mkuwa za mbale yonse ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya makina opangira mbale ndipamwamba kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti utomoni pamtunda wamkuwa umachotsedwa, ndipo pamwamba pake mkuwa ndi woyera komanso wosaipitsidwa. . Mafakitale ambiri a PCB alibe nthawi imodzi yokulitsa mkuwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a zida sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale a PCB.

2. Gwiritsani ntchito pepala la aluminiyamu kuti mutseke dzenje ndikusindikiza chigoba cha bolodi pamwamba pa solder
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola a CNC pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange chophimba, kuyiyika pamakina osindikizira kuti atseke dzenjelo, ndikuyiyimitsa osapitilira mphindi 30 plugging ikamalizidwa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chophimba cha 36T kuti muwonetse mwachindunji pamwamba pa bolodi. Mayendedwe ake ndi: pretreatment-plug hole-silk screen-pre-baking-exposure-development-curing
Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenjelo laphimbidwa bwino ndi mafuta, dzenje la pulagi ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo mtundu wa kanema wonyowa umakhala wofanana. Mpweya wotentha ukatenthedwa, ukhoza kuonetsetsa kuti dzenjelo silimatsekeredwa, ndipo dzenjelo silibisa mikanda ya malata, koma n'zosavuta kuchititsa inki mu dzenje pambuyo pochiritsa Mapaipi a soldering amachititsa kuti asawonongeke; mpweya wotentha utatha, m'mphepete mwa vias kuphulika ndi mafuta amachotsedwa. Zimakhala zovuta kulamulira kupanga ndi njira iyi. Akatswiri opanga ndondomeko ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera ndi magawo kuti atsimikizire ubwino wa mabowo a pulagi.

3. Tsamba la aluminiyamu limakulungidwa mu dzenje, lopangidwa, lochiritsidwa kale, ndi kupukutidwa pamaso pa chigoba cha solder.
Gwiritsani ntchito makina obowola a CNC kuti mubowole pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe limafunikira mabowo otsekera kuti mupange chinsalu, kuyiyika pa makina osindikizira a shift screen pobowola mabowo. Mabowo otsekera ayenera kukhala odzaza ndi kutuluka mbali zonse. Pambuyo pochiza, bolodi imayikidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamwamba. Kuthamanga kwa ndondomekoyi ndi: Pre-chireatment-plug hole-pre-baking-development-pre-curing-board surface solder resist. Chifukwa njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito machiritso a plug kuti awonetsetse kuti dzenje pambuyo pa HAL siligwetsa kapena kuphulika, koma pambuyo pa HAL, Ndizovuta kuthetsa vuto la mikanda ya malata yobisika kudzera m'mabowo ndi malata kudzera pamabowo, kotero makasitomala ambiri amatero. osawalandira.

4. bolodi pamwamba solder chigoba ndi pulagi dzenje anamaliza nthawi yomweyo.
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito chinsalu cha 36T (43T), chomwe chimayikidwa pa makina osindikizira, pogwiritsa ntchito mbale yochirikiza kapena bedi la msomali, pamene mukumaliza bolodi, sungani mabowo onse, ndondomekoyi ndi: pretreatment-silika screen- -Pre- kuphika-kuwonetseredwa-chitukuko-kuchiritsa. Nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndi yaifupi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndikwambiri. Zingathe kuonetsetsa kuti kupyolera mabowo sadzataya mafuta ndi kudzera m'mabowo sadzakhala tinned pambuyo mpweya wotentha angaimbidwenso, koma chifukwa silika chophimba ntchito plugging , Pali kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu vias. Pakuchiritsa, mpweya umakulirakulira ndikuswa chigoba cha solder, ndikupangitsa ming'alu ndi kusagwirizana. Padzakhala malata pang'ono kudzera m'mabowo kuti mpweya wotentha usasunthike. Pakali pano, pambuyo ambiri zatsopano, kampani yathu wasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inki ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kusintha kukakamizidwa kwa nsalu yotchinga kusindikiza, etc., ndipo kwenikweni anathetsa dzenje ndi unevenness wa vias, ndipo watengera ndondomeko misa. kupanga.