Pa PCB, nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira zapansi pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali komanso zoyambira. Madipoziti a faifi tambala a PCB nthawi zambiri amakutidwa ndi ma Watt nickel plating solutions ndi ma sulfamate nickel plating solutions okhala ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimachepetsa nkhawa. Lolani akatswiri opanga akuunikireni mavuto omwe PCB nickel plating solution nthawi zambiri imakumana nawo mukaigwiritsa ntchito?
1. Njira ya Nickel. Ndi kutentha kosiyana, kutentha kwa kusamba komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasiyananso. Muzitsulo za nickel plating ndi kutentha kwapamwamba, nickel plating wosanjikiza wopezeka amakhala ndi kupsinjika kochepa kwamkati komanso ductility wabwino. Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumasungidwa pa madigiri 55-60. Ngati kutentha kuli kokwera kwambiri, nickel saline hydrolysis idzachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma pinholes mu zokutira ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuchepetsa polarization ya cathode.
2. PH mtengo. Mtengo wa PH wa ma electrolyte opangidwa ndi nickel-plated uli ndi chikoka chachikulu pakuchita zokutira komanso magwiridwe antchito a electrolyte. Nthawi zambiri, pH mtengo wa nickel plating electrolyte wa PCB umasungidwa pakati pa 3 ndi 4. Nickel plating solution yokhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba wa PH imakhala ndi mphamvu yobalalika komanso ma cathode apano. Koma PH ndi yokwera kwambiri, chifukwa cathode imasintha ma haidrojeni mosalekeza panthawi ya electroplating, ikakhala yokulirapo kuposa 6, imayambitsa ma pinholes mu plating wosanjikiza. Nickel plating solution yokhala ndi PH yotsika imakhala ndi kusungunuka bwino kwa anode ndipo imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mchere wa nickel mu electrolyte. Komabe, ngati pH ndiyotsika kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kuti mupeze wosanjikiza wowala kumachepetsedwa. Kuonjezera nickel carbonate kapena nickel carbonate yowonjezera kumawonjezera PH mtengo; kuwonjezera sulfamic acid kapena sulfuric acid kumachepetsa mtengo wa pH, ndikuyang'ana ndikusintha mtengo wa PH maola anayi aliwonse panthawi ya ntchito.
3. Anode. Kupaka kwa nickel kwa PCB komwe kumawoneka pakali pano kumagwiritsa ntchito ma anode osungunuka, ndipo ndizofala kugwiritsa ntchito mabasiketi a titaniyamu ngati anode pamakona a nickel wamkati. Dengu la titaniyamu liyenera kuikidwa mu thumba la anode lolukidwa ndi zinthu za polypropylene kuti matope a anode asagwere mu plating solution, ndipo atsukidwe nthawi zonse ndikuwunika ngati diso lili losalala.
4. Kuyeretsedwa. Pakakhala kuipitsidwa ndi organic mu plating solution, iyenera kuthiridwa ndi activated carbon. Koma njirayi nthawi zambiri imachotsa gawo la wothandizira kuthetsa nkhawa (zowonjezera), zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
5. Kusanthula. Yankho la plating liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ndondomeko zomwe zafotokozedwa mu kayendetsedwe ka ndondomeko. Nthawi ndi nthawi santhulani kapangidwe ka plating solution ndi kuyesa kwa cell ya Hull, ndikuwongolera dipatimenti yopanga zinthu kuti isinthe magawo a yankho la plating molingana ndi magawo omwe apezeka.
6. Kukondoweza. Njira yopangira nickel ndi yofanana ndi njira zina zopangira ma electroplating. Cholinga cha kusonkhezera ndikufulumizitsa njira yosinthira misa kuti muchepetse kusintha kwa ndende ndikuwonjezera malire apamwamba omwe amaloledwa kachulukidwe pano. Palinso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri choyambitsa plating solution, chomwe ndikuchepetsa kapena kuletsa mapini mu nickel plating layer. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito wothinikizidwa mpweya, cathode kayendedwe ndi kukakamiza kufalitsidwa (kuphatikiza mpweya pachimake ndi thonje pachimake kusefera) yoyambitsa.
7. Cathode panopa osalimba. Kachulukidwe ka cathode kachulukidwe kamakono kamakhala ndi mphamvu pakuchita bwino kwa cathode, kuchuluka kwa matupiko ndi mtundu wa zokutira. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito electrolyte yokhala ndi PH yotsika pakupanga nickel, m'dera locheperako lapano, cathode yomwe ikugwira ntchito panopa imawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwamakono; m'dera lapamwamba lamakono lamakono, cathode panopa ikugwira ntchito popanda kachulukidwe kameneka; pamene ntchito apamwamba PH Pamene electroplating madzi faifi tambala, ubale cathode panopa dzuwa ndi kachulukidwe panopa si kwambiri. Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya plating, kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe ka cathode komwe kumasankhidwa kuti apange nickel plating kuyeneranso kudalira pakupanga, kutentha ndi kugwedezeka kwa njira yopangira.