I. terminology
Kusintha kwa utoto wopepuka: kumatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mfundo zomwe zingayikidwe muutali wa inchi imodzi; gawo: PDI
Kachulukidwe ka kuwala: amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'ono ta siliva tachepetsedwa mu filimu ya emulsion, ndiko kuti, kutha kutsekereza kuwala, gawoli ndi "D", chilinganizo: D = lg (mphamvu yowunikira / mphamvu yowunikira)
Gamma: Gamma imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa momwe kuwala kwa filimu yolakwika kumasinthira pambuyo poyatsidwa ndi kuwala kosiyanasiyana?
II. Mapangidwe ndi ntchito ya filimu yojambula zithunzi
1 pamwamba:
Zimagwira ntchito poletsa zokopa ndikuteteza wosanjikiza wamchere wa emulsion wasiliva kuti usawonongeke!

2.Drug filimu (siliva mchere emulsion wosanjikiza)
Mu fano wosanjikiza zigawo zikuluzikulu za emulsion ndi bromide siliva, siliva kolorayidi, siliva ayodini ndi zinthu zina siliva mchere photosensitive, komanso gelatin ndi inki kuti akhoza kubwezeretsa pakati siliva pachimake pansi pa zochita za kuwala. Koma mchere wa siliva susungunuka m'madzi, choncho gelatin imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikhale yoyimitsidwa ndikuyimiridwa pa filimuyo. The pigment mu emulsion amachita sensitizing kwenikweni.
3. Zomatira wosanjikiza
Limbikitsani kumamatira kwa emulsion wosanjikiza kumunsi kwa filimu. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizano pakati pa emulsion ndi filimuyi, njira yamadzimadzi ya gelatin ndi chrome alum imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira kuti chigwirizane kwambiri.
4. Polyester base layer
Mafilimu onyamulira mafilimu ndi mafilimu oipa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nitrocellulose, acetate kapena polyester film base. Mitundu iwiri yoyambira yamakanema imakhala yosinthika kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwa filimu ya polyester ndikokhazikika.
5. Anti-halo / static wosanjikiza
Anti-halo ndi static magetsi. Nthawi zonse, pansi pamtunda wa filimu yojambula zithunzi idzawonetsa kuwala, ndikupangitsa kuti emulsion wosanjikiza adziwitsenso kuti apange halo. Pofuna kupewa halo, njira yamadzimadzi ya gelatin kuphatikiza fuchsin yoyambira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba kumbuyo kwa filimuyo kuti itenge kuwala. Amatchedwa anti-halation layer.

III, ndondomeko ya ntchito yojambula filimu yowala
1. Kujambula kowala
Kujambula kowala kwenikweni ndi njira yopepuka. Pambuyo pa filimuyo, mchere wa siliva umabwezeretsanso pakati pa siliva, koma panthawiyi, palibe zithunzi zomwe zingawoneke pafilimuyi, yomwe imatchedwa chithunzi chobisika. Makina owunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa: makina ojambulira a laser, mbiya yamkati yamtundu wa laser kuwala, mbiya yakunja yamtundu wa laser kuwala plotter, etc.
2. kukulitsa
Mchere wa siliva pambuyo powunikira umachepetsedwa kukhala tinthu takuda tasiliva. Kutentha kwa wopanga mapulogalamu kumakhudza kwambiri liwiro lachitukuko. Kutentha kwapamwamba, kufulumira kwa chitukuko. Kutentha koyenera kukula ndi 18 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. Zigawo zazikulu zamadzimadzi amthunzi zimapangidwa ndi wopanga, chitetezo, accelerator ndi inhibitor. Ntchito zake ndi izi:
1) .Wopanga mapulogalamu: Ntchito ya wokonza ndi kuchepetsa mchere wa siliva wa photosensitive kukhala siliva.Choncho, wokonza ndi wothandizira kuchepetsa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ochepetsera amaphatikiza hydroquinone ndi p-cresol sulfate.
2). Woteteza: Woteteza amalepheretsa wopanga ku oxidizing, ndipo sodium sulfite nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo.
3) .Accelerator: Accelerator ndi zinthu zamchere zomwe ntchito yake ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko. Ma accelerator omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi sodium carbonate, borax, sodium hydroxide, ndi zina zotero, zomwe sodium hydroxide ndi accelerator amphamvu.
4). Inhibitor: Ntchito ya inhibitor ndikuletsa kuchepetsa mchere wa siliva wopepuka kukhala siliva, zomwe zingalepheretse gawo losawunikira kuti lipange chifunga panthawi yachitukuko. Potaziyamu bromidi ndi wabwino inhibitor, ndipo ali amphamvu photosensitive Malo ofooka choletsa, ndi malo ofooka tilinazo kuwala ndi amphamvu.

IV. Kukonza
Gwiritsani ntchito ammonium thiosulfate kuchotsa mchere wa siliva womwe sunachepetsedwe kukhala siliva, mwinamwake gawo ili la mchere wa siliva lidzawululidwa kachiwiri, kuwononga fano loyambirira.