Kuperewera kwa zida zamagetsi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo. Zimapereka mwayi kwa onyenga.
Masiku ano, zida zamagetsi zabodza zikukhala zotchuka. Mabodza ambiri monga ma capacitor, resistors, inductors, machubu a MOS, ndi makompyuta a single-chip akuzungulira pamsika. Kuphatikiza pa kupeza othandizira okhazikika kuti agule momwe angathere, mainjiniya ndi ogula ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuphunzira kuzindikira zabodza!
Komabe, ngati mukufuna kusiyanitsa pakati pa zida zenizeni ndi zabodza zamagetsi, muyenera kumvetsetsa kaye kusiyana pakati pa zoyambirira ndi zatsopano.
1. Kodi chatsopano chatsopano ndi chiyani?
Chogulitsa chatsopano chatsopano ndi mawu oyamba a fakitale yoyambirira, kuyika koyambirira, LABLE yoyambirira (chitsanzo chonse, nambala ya batch, mtundu, LOT nambala (mzere wophatikizira wa IC ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito), kuchuluka kwa phukusi, code (akhoza khalani Onani patsamba lake), ma barcode (kawirikawiri odana ndi chinyengo).
Magawo onse amavomerezedwa ndi wopanga, kuphatikiza zinthu zoyambira zapakhomo. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi wabwino kwambiri, nambala ya batch ndi yunifolomu, ndipo maonekedwe ndi okongola. Makasitomala ndi okonzeka kuvomereza, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Choyambirira choyambirira ndi choyambirira chopakidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kufakitale yoyambirira. Phukusi loyambirira likhoza kutsegulidwa kapena palibe phukusi loyambirira, komabe likadali chinthu choyambirira.
Zatsopano zambiri (mwachitsanzo, zinthu zosalongosoka)
Ma sub-chips ndi tchipisi chomwe chimachotsedwa pamzere wa IC chifukwa chamtundu wamkati ndi zina, koma sanadutse mayeso a wopanga. Kapena chifukwa cha kulongedza kosayenera, maonekedwe a filimuyo amawonongeka, ndipo chip chimachotsedwanso.
● Mafilimu omwe amachokera ku msonkhano. Ndi filimu yomwe idachotsedwa pakuwunika ndi wopanga. Mafilimu amenewo sanatanthauze kuti payenera kukhala mavuto apamwamba, koma kuti magawo ena anali ndi zolakwika zazikulu.
Chifukwa opanga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pakulondola kwa filimuyo, monga magetsi ndi magetsi, ndipo zolakwika zovomerezeka zimakhala mkati mwa kuphatikiza kapena kuchotsera 0.01, ndiye kuti filimu yokhazikika iyenera kukhala 1.00, 1.01 ndi 0.99 zonse ndizinthu zenizeni, ndipo 0.98 kapena 1.02 ndi chinthu cholakwika.
Mafilimuwa adasankhidwa ndipo adakhala otchedwa amwazikana atsopano. Mofananamo, chifukwa cha fragility ya filimuyo, filimu yakale ingayambitse kusintha pang'ono pa zolakwika za parameter panthawi yokonza. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina chinthu chomwecho, makasitomala ena amagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo makasitomala ena amagwiritsa ntchito. .
● Poyang'anitsitsa khalidwe, chifukwa mzere wogwirizanitsa umadutsa pakompyuta poyang'anitsitsa ndi kuwonjezera pamanja pa kompyuta, nthawi zina filimuyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri, koma ikakanidwa, ogwira ntchito amatha kupha chikwi molakwika kusiyana ndi kupha chikwi. masulani. Pambuyo pa filimu yoipa, kotero mumataya kwambiri, ndiye izi zimakhala zotchedwa anamwazikana zatsopano.
2. Kodi katundu watsopano wambiri ndi chiyani?
Sanxin akhoza kugawidwa muzochitika zotsatirazi malinga ndi momwe msika ulili:
★M'lingaliro lenileni la kuchuluka (ie katundu wapachiyambi wopanda zolongedza)
● Kufuna kwamakasitomala kumakhala kochepa poyerekeza ndi phukusi lonse. Chifukwa cha mtengo wamtengo wapatali, wothandizira amasokoneza phukusi lonse lapachiyambi ndikugulitsa gawo la chip pamtengo wapamwamba, ndi gawo lotsalira la chip popanda phukusi loyambirira.
● Chifukwa chazifukwa zamayendedwe, wogulitsa amachotsa katundu woyambirira kuti athandizire kuyenda. Katundu woyambirira ngati Hong Kong ayenera kutumizidwa ku Shenzhen ndi malo ena. Kuti alowe mumayendedwe ndikuchepetsa mitengo yamitengo, zoyikapo zoyambirira zimachotsedwa ndipo anthu angapo amatengedwa kupita kumisonkhano.
● Zatsopano ndi zakale: Zambiri mwa zinthu zimenezi ndi zimene zasungidwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndipo zili ndi maonekedwe oipa. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potaya zambiri.
● Palinso mafakitale olongedza katundu. Pamene zopyapyala zambiri zimatumizidwa kufakitale yolongedza katundu, pambuyo pomaliza IC kapangidwe kagawo sangathe kulandira zopyapyala zonse zopakidwa chifukwa chamavuto azachuma, ndiye kuti gawo ili la fakitale yonyamula lizigulitsa palokha. , chifukwa sichiyenera Ayenera kulemba zolemba zawo ndipo sangapange zolongedza kuti awonjezere ndalama, kotero azigulitsa zambiri.
● Chifukwa cha mavuto a kasamalidwe ka fakitale yolongedza katundu, mafilimu omwe antchito ake amawatulutsa kuchokera ku kampaniyo kudzera mumayendedwe osadziwika bwino, kugulitsidwanso ndi kugula mafilimu, adalowa m'dzikoli. Filimu yamtunduwu ilibe ma CD akunja chifukwa palibe njira yomaliza yopangira, koma mtengo wake ndi wabwino komanso nthawi zina kuposa mtengo wa bungwe ladziko.
★Kuchuluka kwabodza (ie katundu wokonzedwanso)
Katundu wokonzedwanso amakonzedwanso kapena kupatulidwa mbali. Amasinthidwa ndikusinthidwanso, kotero anthu ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amawatcha kuti zinthu zokonzedwanso.
● Maonekedwe ena amawonongeka, koma kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba sikoopsa kwambiri, ndipo mafilimu omwe sali ovuta kuwakonza akhoza kugulitsidwabe ngati mafilimu atsopano atakonzedwanso.
● Samalani ndi mafilimu a m'badwo wachiwiri omwe ali ndi maonekedwe okongola. Mafilimu oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi zovuta zamkati. Ogula mafilimu oterowo amakhala osamala kwambiri.
● Kukonzanso mafilimu akale makamaka kumatheka chifukwa cha kukonzanso mafilimu akale, monga kugaya, kutsuka, kukoka mapazi, kukulunga mapazi, kulumikiza mapazi, kugaya zilembo, kutaipa, ndi zina zotero. Maonekedwe a filimuyi amakonzedwa kuti filimuyo ikhale yokongola kwambiri.
Makamaka zinyalala zakunja, ndiko kuti, zida zapanyumba zakunja, makompyuta, ma routers ndi zida zina zamagetsi zomwe zatsala pang'ono kusinthidwa kupita kumalo osonkhanitsira zinyalala. Zinyalalazi zimatengedwa kupita ku Hong Kong, Guangdong, Taiwan, Zhejiang, ndi madera a Chaoshan kuti zibwezeretsedwenso pamitengo yotsika kwambiri.
Kukonzanso kwa zilembo zoyambirira ndikungokonza maonekedwe a filimuyo kuti filimuyo ikhale yokongola kwambiri. Katundu wamtunduwu ndi wabwinoko komanso wotsika mtengo, nthawi zambiri theka la mtengo wamba kapena wotsika mtengo.
● Katundu wogwiritsiridwa ntchito, masulani mbali zina. Chogulitsacho chagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuchotsedwa pa bolodi la dera ndi mpweya wotentha kapena Frying. Njira ziwiri zochotsera mafilimu akale:
Njira ya mpweya wotentha, njirayi ndi njira yokhazikika, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matabwa aukhondo, makamaka ma SMD board amtengo wapatali.
Njira ya "Frying", izi ndi zoona. Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a mchere otentha kwambiri kuti "mwachangu". Matabwa akale kwambiri kapena osokonekera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi.
Zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwira panthawi yolekanitsa ndi kukonzanso filimu yakaleyo idzawononga kwambiri chilengedwe ngati sichisamalidwa bwino, ndipo mtengo wa "kutaya koyenera" udzakhala wapamwamba kuposa ndalama zonse zobwezeretsa.
Chifukwa chake, makampani ena m'maiko otukuka angakonde kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndikutumiza katundu "kutumiza" zinyalala zamakompyuta ku China ndi mayiko ena ku South Asia m'malo motaya okha. Kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pa tchipisi akale ndi atsopano sikuli kutali ndi kubwezeretsanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe!
Mabizinesi ambiri pamsika wamagetsi nthawi zambiri amafotokoza zinthu zokonzedwanso ngati zinthu zatsopano zambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kuti asatsegule komanso kudalira maluso ang'onoang'ono kuti azisiyanitsa.
3. Kusiyana pakati pa katundu wochuluka watsopano ndi katundu wokonzedwanso
Ubwino wa katundu weniweni wochuluka ungakhale wotsimikizika.
Zopangira zolakwika zidzakhala zosiyana ndi zoyambilira potengera kuchuluka kwa zinyalala komanso kukhazikika. Chifukwa mitundu iwiriyi ya mankhwala ndi yatsopano, ndizovuta kwambiri kusiyanitsa.
Katundu wokonzedwanso ndi woopsa kwambiri. Angakhale akugulitsa nyama yagalu. Amawoneka ofanana, koma kwenikweni, ali ndi ntchito zosiyana kotheratu.
Choncho, ndi bwino kuti mupewe zinthu zatsopano zochulukirapo, pokhapokha mutagula pamaziko a zitsimikizo zina.