1. Njira yowonjezera

Mankhwala amkuwa amkuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwachindunji kwa ochititsa chidwi kwa ochititsa ochititsa chidwi pa gawo lomwe si woponderezedwa ndi thandizo la chowonjezera chowonjezera.

Njira zowonjezera mu bolodi la madera zitha kugawidwa kuti ziziwonjezera zowonjezera zonse, theka lina ndi kuwonjezera pang'ono ndi njira zina zosiyanasiyana.

2. BackPanels, Mbiri Yokumbukira

Ndi wandiweyani (monga 0,093 ", 0,125") bolodi la madera, limagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera ndikulumikiza matabwa ena. Izi zimachitika poyika cholumikizira chambiri mu bowo, koma osati ndi kugulitsidwa, kenako ndikungofika limodzi mwa waya komwe kulumikizidwa kudutsa bolodi. Cholumikizira chikhoza kuyikidwa padera mu bolodi la madera onse. Chifukwa cha ili ndi bolodi yapadera, "

3..

Uwu ndi gawo latsopano lopanga zigawo zopyapsinjika, kuchokera ku IBM Slung Play, Mu Japase Wormer Of Anch, popeza ndi njira ziwiri zolumikizira - kudzera pakuwonjezereka kachulukidwe kamene kamkuwa ndi popanga ma Copper Speking, ndipo mutaganizira za mzere ndikungopanga, mutha kupeza waya watsopano komanso mgulu lakhungu. Zolemba mobwerezabwereza zidzapereka kuchuluka kwa zigawo. Njira iyi silingangopewa mtengo wokwera mtengo wamakamwa, komanso zimachepetsa chiwombacho mpaka 10mil. Pazaka 5 ~ 6 ~ 6 zapitazi, mitundu yonse yophwanya mwambo wambiri zimatengera ukadaulo wotsatizana, ku Europe Pansi pa Kukankha, pangani zinthu zopangidwa ndi izi, zinthu zomwe zilipo zimalembedwa zoposa 10 amtundu wopitilira 10. Kupatula "ma pores ojambula"; Mukachotsa chivundikiro chamkuwa ndi mabowo, chosiyana "cha bowo" monga mankhwala amtundu wa alkaline, malo osema, ndi ena a plasma amatengedwa pazomwe organic amatengedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kulembedwa kwatsopano kwa Copper (Resin Oundana Copper) ophatikizidwa ndi malo owuma a Semi amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange wowonda, wocheperako komanso wowonda kwambiri. M'tsogolo, zinthu zamagetsi zimasandulika mtundu uwu woonda kwambiri komanso wamfupi kwambiri.

4. Cermet

Ceramic ufa ndi ufa wachitsulo umasakanizidwa, ndipo zomatira zimawonjezeredwa ngati zokutira, zomwe zimasindikizidwa pamtunda wa madera kapena njira yopendekera, mmalo mwa kuyika kwakunja kwa msonkhano.

5. Kuwombera

Ndi njira ya bolodi yaunidzi. Mizere yozungulira ya filimu ya filimu ya zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zamtengo wapatali zosindikizidwa pamwamba pa bolodi yaying'ono imachotsedwa kutentha kwambiri. Onyamula zinthu zosiyanasiyana omwe ali mu phala lakuda la kanema wayatsidwa, kusiya mizere ya wopondereza wa mtengo wapatali kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mawaya kuti agwirizane

6. Cross

Kuwoloka ma waya atatu mwa atatu pa bolodi ndipo kudzazidwa kwamiyendo pakati pa mfundo zoponyedwa. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe amodzi obiriwira kuphatikiza carbon jumper jumper, kapena njira yosanjikiza pamwambapa ndi pansi pa chiwongola dzanja ndi "mtanda" wotere.

7..

Liwu lina la bolodi ya maulendo angapo, limapangidwa ndi waya wozungulira wophatikizidwa ndi bolodi ndikukhala ndi mabowo. Kuchita kwa mtundu wamtunduwu kwa bolodi yaying'ono mu mzere wopezeka pafupipafupi ndikwabwino kuposa mzere wathyathyathya wokhazikika ndi pcb wamba.

8.

Ndi Switzerland Dyconex adapanga zolimbitsa thupi ku Zurich. Ndi njira yovomerezeka yochotsera zokongoletsera zamkuwa pamiyendo yoyamba, kenako ndikuziyika mu voliyumu yapamwamba kwambiri kuti ipange ma enrode opangidwa ndi maenje (pansipa 10mil). Njira yotsatsira imatchedwa dycastrate.

9.

Njira yamagetsi yojambula, electrophoretic zithunzi zatsopano "zopangidwa ndi zithunzi zatsopano, zopezeka zamagetsi", zomwe zangoyambitsa "kujambulidwa kumene. Pogwiritsa ntchito sizolowezi zamagetsi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timayala mkuwa pamkuwa pamkuwa monga woletsa kuti akwerere. Pakadali pano, yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misa mu njira ya mkuwa wachindunji wamkati. Monga momwe Ed chithunzi Malinga ndi mfundo yosiyanasiyana ya zithunzi, pali "polymetetititititive polymerization" (ntchito zoyipa) ndi "kuwonongeka kwa zithunzi" (njira zina) ndi mitundu ina iwiri. Pakadali pano, mtundu wopanda pake wa Ed Grorestistance wakhala wogwirira ntchito, koma umatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dongosolo lotsutsa. Chifukwa cha zovuta zankhani zaphikidwa kudzera mu dzenje, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito potumiza zithunzi zakunja. Ponena za "ed yabwino", yomwe itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira wa zithunzi zakunja (chifukwa cha ma membrane opanga) Mawuwa amatchedwanso electrothrothotoretic.

10.

Ndi malo apadera adera omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndikukakamira mizere yonse yochititsa. Mchitidwe wa gulu lake limodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yosamutsa ya Inch ku etch gawo la zojambula za mkuwa wa bolodi pansi bolodi yomwe ili youma. Kutentha kwakukulu komanso kutengeka kwambiri kumakhala gawo mu mbale yolimba kwambiri, nthawi yomweyo kuti mumalize ntchito yolimba ya disulani, kulowa mumzere pamwamba pa bolodi komanso bolodi yozungulira. Nthawi zambiri, woonda mkuwa wakhazikika pamtunda wotseguka kuti 0.3mil nickeum wosanjikiza, kapena ma inch a rhodium osanjikiza, kapena mainchesi 10 a rhodium, kapena mainchesi 10 a rhodium atha kuyikapo zolimbana ndi kulumikizana. Komabe, njirayi siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa Pth, pofuna kuletsa dzenjelo pakuphulika mukamakanikiza. Sizovuta kukwaniritsa malo osalalatu, ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri, ngati resn imakula kenako ndikukankhira mzere pamtunda. Amadziwikanso kuti ndi kukankha, kusuta bolodi yomalizidwa imatchedwa bolodi yolumikizidwa ndi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zifukwa zosinthika monga kusinthana.

11. Frit

Mu kanema wakuda (ptf) chosindikiza, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala achitsulo chamtengo wapatali, ufa wagalasi umafunikirabe kuwonjezeredwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, kotero kuti phazi losindikiza lazitsulo la ceramic limatha kupanga njira yoyendera yachitsulo yamtengo wapatali.

12. Njira Yowonjezera

Ili papepala lamatumba athunthu, opanda magetsi a zitsulo (ambiri omwe ali ndi mkuwa wa zamankhwala), kukula kwa machitidwe a madera omwe siolondola kwenikweni ndi "osayera" ndi "osayenera" ndi "osayera" ndi "osayenera".

13. Zophatikiza zikwangwani

Ndi gawo laling'ono lopyapyala, njira yosindikiza yogwiritsira ntchito inki ya Noxel Ink, kenako ndi kutentha kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe zotenthedwa, kusiya mzere wopondera pamtunda, ndipo amatha kunyamula mbali zomangira zomangira. Ndi mtundu wa chonyamulira cha madera a tekinoloji ya kanema pakati pa gulu la madera osindikizidwa ndi Semiconductor Comber chipangizo. M'mbuyomu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazantchito zankhondo kapena zapamwamba kwambiri, wosakanizidwayo wachita zambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa cha mtengo wake wokwera, ndikuchepetsa kuthekera kwa nkhondo, komanso kuvuta kwa miniyani ndi kusungunuka kwa matabwa ozungulira.

14.

Wotanthauzira amatanthauza zigawo ziwiri zomwe zimanyamulidwa ndi thupi lokhazikika lomwe likuchititsa ndi kuwonjezera ena omwe amasewerera filimu pamalopo omwe akuchititsa. Mwachitsanzo, mu bowo losakhazikika pa mbale yamazilo, zida monga zotenthetsera siliva kapena zokutira za Orthodox mkuwa, kapena zida monga zowongoka zosanjikiza za mphira, onse amatanthauzira mtundu uwu.

15.

Ndikukakamiza mbale yomwe idaphatikizidwa ndi filimu yowuma, osagwiritsanso ntchito kuwonekera kwa chithunzi, koma m'malo mwa njira ya kompyuta ya laser, mwachindunji pa filimu youma kuti isanthule mwachangu. Khoma la mbali yowuma pambuyo poganiza ndizosiyana chifukwa kuunika komwe kumatsitsidwa ndikofanana ndi mtengo umodzi wa Envied Erden. Komabe, njirayo imangogwira ntchito payekhapayekha payekhapayekha, kotero kuti liwiro lalikulu limathamanga kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito filimu ndi mawonekedwe achikhalidwe. LDI imangotulutsa mabodi 30 kukula kwa ola limodzi, choncho zimatha kuwonekera m'gulu la mapepala otsimikizira kapena mtengo wapamwamba. Chifukwa cha mtengo wokulirapo wa kusonkhana, ndizovuta kupititsa patsogolo mafakitale

16.Makina a laser

Pamakompyuta amagetsi, palinso kukonza mwaluso, monga kudula, kubowola, kuwonjeza, etc., imathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira ya laser. Laser amatanthauza "Kukula Kwa Kukulitsa Kwakuti Kutulutsa Kwa radiation" mwachidule, kumasulira ngati "laser" ndi mafakitale ake omasulira kwaulere, mpaka pano mpaka. Laser adapangidwa mu 1959 ndi dokotala waku America thm amder, yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito mtambo umodzi kuti apange kuwala kwa mipata. Zaka za kafukufuku wapanga njira yatsopano yokonza. Kupatula mafakitale amagetsi, imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'minda yamankhwala ndi ankhondo

17.

Gulu la madera apadera ndi ma pnth othandizira amadziwika kuti nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi bolodi. Kuchulukitsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kumakhala kokwera kwambiri (160 ~ 250in / in2), koma waya ndiwochepa kwambiri (wochepera 2mil), amadziwika kuti gulu losindikizidwa la madera osindikizidwa.

18. Wowumbidwa Cirxat

Ndikugwiritsa ntchito nkhungu itatu, pangani mawonekedwe a jakisoni kapena njira yosinthira kuti mumalize njira ya stereo, yotchedwa The Moder of Morget kapena Student

19. Board Board (Board ya Winte Woundana)
Ikugwiritsa ntchito waya woonda kwambiri, molunjika pansi pa mbale yamiyala iwiri, kenako pokutira ndi kubowola masitima a madera osiyanasiyana, omwe amadziwika kuti "bolodi yambiri". Izi zimapangidwa ndi pck, kampani yaku America, ndipo imapangidwabe ndi Hitachi ndi kampani yaku Japan. MWB iyi imatha kusunga nthawi yopanga ndipo ndiyoyenera ma makina ochepa okhala ndi mabwalo ovuta.

20.

Ndilo pa phala lozungulira la filimu yozungulira. Ikasindikizidwa pa gawo limodzi losindikiza pazenera, kenako onyamula organic amatenthedwa kutentha kwambiri, bwalo lokhazikika la zitsulo limawonekera. Ufa wachitsulo wowonjezeredwa ku phala liyenera kukhala chitsulo chodziwika kuti mupewe mapangidwe a oxissis pamtenthedwe kwambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito ogulitsa ali ndi golide, platinamu, rhodium, palladium kapena zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zamtengo wapatali.

21. Pads Board

M'masiku oyambilira kudzera mu glamation ya hod, ma board ena odziwika bwino amangochokapo ndi mphete yokazinga kunja ndikubisa mizere yolumikizirana pansi. Zowonjezera zamtunduwu za bolodi sizidzasindikizidwa utoto wobiriwira, pooneka kuti kuyendera kwapadera.

Pakadali pano chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chipata chowonjezereka, magetsi amagetsi onyamula (monga mafoni am'manja), bolodi la madera, ndikulowererapo pang'ono kuti muchepetse dzenjelo kuwonongeka, mbale ya SMT ndi ma pat

22. Polymer Wakuda Wakuda (PTF)

Ndilo phala lachitsulo chamtengo wapatali chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madera, kapena chosindikizira chomwe chikupanga filimu yosindikiza, pagawo la simenti, ndi kusindikiza kwapadera ndikutsatira kutentha kwapamwamba. Wonyamula zachilengedwe akatenthedwa, kachitidwe ka madera okhazikika azungulira. Mbale zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa mabwalo osakanizidwa.

23. Njira yowonjezera

Tiyenera kuloza ku chinthu chapansi cha kusokonekera, kukulitsa dera lomwe likufunika mwachindunji ndi mkuwa wa mankhwala

Ngati njira yamkuwa yamkuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wonse wamkati, njirayi imatchedwa "kuwonjezera kwathunthu". Dziwani kuti tanthauzo la pamwambapa limachokera ku * zonena za IPC-T-50E lofalitsidwa mu Julayi 1992, zomwe ndizosiyana ndi iPC-50D (Novembala 1988). "D mtundu woyambirira" d " Kusamutsa chithunzi kwa wodwala kapena madera ofunikira akhumudwitsidwa ndi mankhwala amkuwa kapena mitengo yamkuwa. Zatsopano 50e sizinena mawu oti "Mkuwa Woonda". Kusiyana pakati pa ziganizo ziwirizi ndi kwakukulu, ndipo malingaliro a owerenga akuwoneka kuti asintha ndi nthawi.

Njira 24.Sublestraction

Ndi gawo lapansi la pochotsa kwa mkuwa wamkuwa, njira yoyendera yodziwika yomwe imadziwika kuti "njira yochepetsa", ndiye malo otchuka a dera kwa zaka zambiri. Izi zikusiyana ndi "zowonjezera" njira yowonjezera ma copductor pamtunda mwachindunji ku gawo lazinthu zopanda pake.

25.

PTF (polymer wandiweyani filimu ya mafilimu), yomwe ili ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali Ndi mtundu wa gawo laling'ono losakanizidwa. Siliva pa jumper pa PCB yosanja ija imakhalanso kusindikiza kwamafilimu koma sikuyenera kuthamangitsidwa pamatenthedwe kwambiri. Mizere yomwe imasindikizidwa pamwamba pa magawo osiyanasiyana imatchedwa "filimu yowoneka bwino" ikangotsala ndi 0.1mm [4Mil]

26. Tekisikilimu wowonda
Ndi wochititsa komanso wozungulira dera womwe umaphatikizidwa ndi gawo lapansi, pomwe makulidwe amachepera 0.1mm [Kutulutsa katatu, ecatortic, enc. Zinthu zothandiza zimakhala ndi owonda mafilimu ndipo kanema woonda yemwe adaphatikizira dera, etc

27. Kusamutsira dera

Ndi njira yatsopano yopangira madera ozungulira, pogwiritsa ntchito 93mil wambiri wakonzedwa yosalala ya osapanga dzimbiri, choyamba chitani ziwonetsero zowuma zowuma, kenako mzere wothamanga kwambiri. Pambuyo kuvula filimu yowuma, yopanda dzimbiri yazitsulo imatha kukanikizidwa kutentha kwambiri ku filimu ya semi-yolimba. Kenako chotsani mbale yachitsulo yosapanga dzimbiri, mutha kupeza pamwamba pa bolodi la madera osalala. Itha kutsatiridwa ndi kubowola ndikupanga mabowo kuti apange kusokoneza wamba.

CC - 4 Coppercomnxer44; Edectro-adayidwa MLC (ceramic ceramic) (ma laminar laminar kuchokera ku bowo); pid yofiyira (chithunzi chofananira) mabodi a madera a ceralec; PTF (Chithunzithunzi)) Polymensitive) polymensiting film of Cerversity (ndi mapepala ang'onoang'ono a kanema wa bolodi yosindikiza) slc (madera a Laminar); Mzere wovala bwino ndi ukadaulo watsopano wosindikizidwa ndi IBM laboratory, Japan mu June 1993. Ndimkubwa lamagetsi kunja kwa mbale iwiri, yomwe imachotsa kufunika kobowola ndikupanga mabowo pambale.