Bowo loyendetsa Via hole limadziwikanso kuti kudzera pa dzenje. Kuti mukwaniritse zofuna za makasitomala, bolodi lozungulira kudzera pa dzenje liyenera kulumikizidwa. Pambuyo pochita zambiri, njira yolumikizira aluminiyamu yachikhalidwe imasinthidwa, ndipo chigoba cha solder board ndi plugging chimamalizidwa ndi mauna oyera. dzenje. Kupanga kokhazikika ndi khalidwe lodalirika.

Via hole imagwira ntchito yolumikizana ndi kuwongolera mizere. Kukula kwa makampani amagetsi kumalimbikitsanso chitukuko cha PCB, komanso kumapereka zofunikira pakupanga makina osindikizira ndi luso lapamwamba. Kudzera pa hole plugging teknoloji inayamba, ndipo iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

(1) Pali mkuwa mu dzenje, ndipo chigoba cha solder chimatha kulumikizidwa kapena kusalumikizidwa;
(2) Payenera kukhala malata-kutsogolera mu dzenje, ndi zina makulidwe chofunika (4 microns), ndipo palibe solder chigoba inki ayenera kulowa dzenje, kuchititsa malata kubisika dzenje;
(3) Mabowo odutsa ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo a inki ya solder, opaque, ndipo sayenera kukhala ndi mphete za malata, mikanda ya malata, ndi zofunikira za flatness.

Ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimayang'ana "zopepuka, zoonda, zazifupi ndi zazing'ono", ma PCB nawonso ayamba kukhala ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ma SMT ambiri ndi ma PCB a BGA awonekera, ndipo makasitomala amafunikira plugging pakuyika zida, makamaka kuphatikiza ntchito Zisanu:

(1) Pewani dera lalifupi lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi malata omwe amadutsa pamtunda kuchokera pabowo pamene PCB imagulitsidwa; makamaka pamene ife kuika kudzera dzenje pa BGA PAD, tiyenera choyamba kupanga dzenje pulagi ndiyeno golide-yokutidwa kuti atsogolere BGA soldering.
(2) Pewani zotsalira zotsalira pamabowo;
(3) Pambuyo kukwera pamwamba ndi gawo limodzi la fakitale yamagetsi yamalizidwa, PCB iyenera kutsukidwa kuti ipange kupanikizika koyipa pamakina oyesera kuti amalize:
(4) Pewani phala la solder kuti lisalowe mu dzenje, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabodza komanso kusokoneza kuyika;
(5) Pewani mipira ya malata kuti isatuluke panthawi yowotchera mafunde, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabwalo azifupi.

Kuzindikira kwa conductive dzenje plugging process

Pa matabwa okwera pamwamba, makamaka kuyika kwa BGA ndi IC, pulagi yodutsa dzenje iyenera kukhala yosalala, yopingasa ndi yopingasa kuphatikiza kapena kuchotsera 1mil, ndipo pasakhale malata ofiira m'mphepete mwa dzenje; The via hole amabisa mpira malata, kuti afikire makasitomala Malinga ndi zofunika, kudzera dzenje plugging ndondomeko akhoza kufotokozedwa ngati zosiyanasiyana, ndondomekoyi ndi yaitali kwambiri, ndondomekoyi ndi yovuta kulamulira, ndipo mafuta nthawi zambiri amagwetsedwa pa nthawi. kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kuyesa kukana kwa mafuta obiriwira; mavuto monga kuphulika kwa mafuta pambuyo pochiritsa. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zimapangidwira, njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizira PCB zimafotokozeredwa mwachidule, ndipo kufananitsa ndi mafotokozedwe ena kumachitika munjira ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa:

Zindikirani: Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wotentha ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kuchotsa solder pamwamba ndi mabowo a bolodi losindikizidwa. Solder yotsalayo imakutidwa mofanana pamapadi, mizere yosakanizika ya solder ndi malo oyikapo pamwamba, yomwe ndi njira yochizira pamwamba pa bolodi losindikizidwa.

1. plugging ndondomeko pambuyo yotentha mpweya kusinthasintha

Mayendedwe ake ndi: board surface solder mask→HAL→bowo lapulagi→kuchiritsa. Njira yopanda plug imatengedwa kuti ipangidwe. Mpweya wotentha ukatha, chotchinga cha aluminiyamu kapena chotchinga chotchinga cha inki chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalizitsa pobowola pamabowo ofunikira ndi kasitomala pazolinga zonse. Inki yojambulira imatha kukhala inki yowoneka bwino kapena inki ya thermosetting. Pansi pa chikhalidwe chakuti mtundu wa filimu yonyowa umakhala wokhazikika, inki yolumikizira ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito inki yofanana ndi bolodi pamwamba. Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti mabowo sangataye mafuta pakatha mpweya wotentha, koma n'zosavuta kupangitsa inki ya pulagi kuti iwononge gululo komanso losagwirizana. Makasitomala sachedwa soldering zabodza (makamaka BGA) pa okwera. Choncho makasitomala ambiri savomereza njira imeneyi.

2. Kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha ndi teknoloji ya dzenje

2.1 Gwiritsani ntchito pepala la aluminiyamu kuti mutseke dzenje, kulimbitsa, ndi kupukuta bolodi kuti musinthe zithunzi

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola manambala pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange chinsalu, ndikutseka dzenjelo kuti liwonetsetse kuti dzenje ladzaza. Inki ya bowo ya pulagi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi inki yopangira thermosetting, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala amphamvu. , Kuchepa kwa utomoni ndi kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yogwirizanitsa ndi khoma la dzenje ndi yabwino. Njira yake ndi: chithandizo chisanachitike → dzenje la pulagi → mbale yopera → kutengerapo mawonekedwe → etching → chigoba cha solder

Njirayi imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenje la pulagi la dzenjelo ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo sipadzakhala mavuto abwino monga kuphulika kwa mafuta ndi kutsika kwa mafuta m'mphepete mwa dzenje pamene mukuyenda ndi mpweya wotentha. Komabe, njirayi imafuna kukhuthala kamodzi kwa mkuwa kuti makulidwe amkuwa a khoma la dzenje akwaniritse muyezo wa kasitomala. Choncho, zofunikira zopangira mkuwa pa mbale yonse ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya makina opangira mbale ndipamwamba kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti utomoni pamtunda wamkuwa umachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo pamwamba pa mkuwa ndi woyera komanso wosaipitsidwa. . Mafakitale ambiri a PCB alibe nthawi imodzi yokulitsa mkuwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a zida sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale a PCB.

1. Pulaging ndondomeko pambuyo Hot Air Leveling

Mayendedwe ake ndi: board surface solder mask→HAL→bowo lapulagi→kuchiritsa. Njira yopanda plug imatengedwa kuti ipangidwe. Mpweya wotentha ukatha, chotchinga cha aluminiyamu kapena chotchinga chotchinga cha inki chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalizitsa pobowola pamabowo ofunikira ndi kasitomala pazolinga zonse. Inki yojambulira imatha kukhala inki yowoneka bwino kapena inki ya thermosetting. Pansi pa chikhalidwe chakuti mtundu wa filimu yonyowa umakhala wokhazikika, inki yolumikizira ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito inki yofanana ndi bolodi pamwamba. Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti mabowo sangataye mafuta pakatha mpweya wotentha, koma n'zosavuta kupangitsa inki ya pulagi kuti iwononge gululo komanso losagwirizana. Makasitomala sachedwa soldering zabodza (makamaka BGA) pa okwera. Choncho makasitomala ambiri savomereza njira imeneyi.

2. Kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha ndi teknoloji ya dzenje

2.1 Gwiritsani ntchito pepala la aluminiyamu kuti mutseke dzenje, kulimbitsa, ndi kupukuta bolodi kuti musinthe zithunzi

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola manambala pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange chinsalu, ndikutseka dzenjelo kuti liwonetsetse kuti dzenje ladzaza. Inki ya bowo la pulagi ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi inki yopangira thermosetting, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala amphamvu., Kuchepa kwa utomoni kumakhala kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yolumikizana ndi khoma la dzenje ndi yabwino. Njira yake ndi: chithandizo chisanachitike → dzenje la pulagi → mbale yopera → kutengerapo mawonekedwe → etching → chigoba cha solder

Njirayi imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenje la pulagi la dzenjelo ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo sipadzakhala mavuto abwino monga kuphulika kwa mafuta ndi kutsika kwa mafuta m'mphepete mwa dzenje pamene mukuyenda ndi mpweya wotentha. Komabe, njirayi imafuna kukhuthala kamodzi kwa mkuwa kuti makulidwe amkuwa a khoma la dzenje akwaniritse muyezo wa kasitomala. Choncho, zofunikira zopangira mkuwa pa mbale yonse ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya makina opangira mbale ndipamwamba kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti utomoni pamtunda wamkuwa umachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo pamwamba pa mkuwa ndi woyera komanso wosaipitsidwa. . Mafakitale ambiri a PCB alibe nthawi imodzi yokulitsa mkuwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a zida sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale a PCB.

2.2 Mukatsegula dzenje ndi pepala la aluminiyamu, jambulani mwachindunji chigoba cha bolodi pamwamba pa solder

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola a CNC pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange zenera, kuyiyika pamakina osindikizira kuti atseke dzenjelo, ndikuyiyimitsa osapitilira mphindi 30 mutamaliza pulagi. gwiritsani ntchito chophimba cha 36T kuti muwonetse mwachindunji pamwamba pa bolodi. Mayendedwe ake ndi: pretreatment-plug hole-silk screen-pre-baking-exposure-development-curing

Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenjelo laphimbidwa bwino ndi mafuta, dzenje la pulagi ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo mtundu wa kanema wonyowa umakhala wofanana. Mpweya wotentha ukangophwanyidwa, ukhoza kuonetsetsa kuti pobowo siimangiriridwa ndipo mkanda wa malata sunabisike mu dzenje, koma n'zosavuta kuchititsa inki mu dzenje pambuyo pochiritsa Mapadiwo amachititsa kuti asawonongeke; mpweya wotentha utatha, m'mphepete mwa vias kuphulika ndi mafuta amachotsedwa. Ndizovuta kulamulira kupanga ndi ndondomekoyi, ndipo akatswiri opanga ndondomeko ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera ndi magawo kuti atsimikizire ubwino wa mabowo a pulagi.

2.2 Mukatsegula dzenje ndi pepala la aluminiyamu, jambulani mwachindunji chigoba cha bolodi pamwamba pa solder

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina obowola a CNC pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu lomwe likufunika kulumikizidwa kuti lipange zenera, kuyiyika pamakina osindikizira kuti atseke dzenjelo, ndikuyiyimitsa osapitilira mphindi 30 mutamaliza pulagi. gwiritsani ntchito chophimba cha 36T kuti muwonetse mwachindunji pamwamba pa bolodi. Mayendedwe ake ndi: pretreatment-plug hole-silk screen-pre-baking-exposure-development-curing

Izi zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenjelo laphimbidwa bwino ndi mafuta, dzenje la pulagi ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo mtundu wa kanema wonyowa umakhala wofanana. Mpweya wotentha ukangophwanyidwa, umatha kuwonetsetsa kuti pobowo sunatsekerezedwe ndipo mkanda wa malata sunabisike mu dzenje, koma ndizosavuta kuyambitsa inki mu dzenje pambuyo pochiritsa Mapadiwo amayambitsa kulephera kwa solder; mpweya wotentha utatha, m'mphepete mwa vias kuphulika ndi mafuta amachotsedwa. Ndizovuta kulamulira kupanga ndi ndondomekoyi, ndipo akatswiri opanga ndondomeko ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera ndi magawo kuti atsimikizire ubwino wa mabowo a pulagi.