Njira yokwaniritsira luso la bolodi la PCB ndikungoyang'ana gulu lozungulira kuti likopedwe, kulemba mwatsatanetsatane malo, kenako kuchotsa zigawo kuti mupange bilu yazinthu (BOM) ndikukonzekera kugula zinthu, bolodi yopanda kanthu ndi Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi kukonzedwa ndi kope bolodi mapulogalamu ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa pcb bolodi kujambula wapamwamba, ndiyeno PCB wapamwamba amatumizidwa ku fakitale kupanga mbale kupanga bolodi. Pambuyo bolodi wapangidwa, zigawo anagula ndi soldered kwa anapanga PCB bolodi, ndiyeno gulu dera amayesedwa Ndipo debugging.

Njira zenizeni za bolodi la PCB:

Gawo loyamba ndikupeza PCB. Choyamba, lembani chitsanzo, magawo, ndi malo a zigawo zonse zofunika papepala, makamaka momwe diode, chubu lapamwamba, ndi momwe IC gap imayendera. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kamera ya digito kujambula zithunzi ziwiri za malo ofunikira kwambiri. Panopa pcb dera matabwa akupita patsogolo kwambiri. Zina mwa ma transistors a diode sizimawonedwa konse.

Gawo lachiwiri ndikuchotsa matabwa onse amitundu yambiri ndikukopera matabwa, ndikuchotsa malata mu dzenje la PAD. Tsukani PCB ndi mowa ndikuyiyika mu scanner. Scanner ikasanthula, muyenera kukweza ma pixel ojambulidwa pang'ono kuti muwone bwino. Ndiye mopepuka mchenga pamwamba ndi pansi zigawo ndi madzi yopyapyala pepala mpaka mkuwa filimu chonyezimira, kuziyika pa sikanila, yambani PHOTOSHOP, ndi jambulani zigawo ziwiri padera mu mtundu. Dziwani kuti PCB iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika komanso molunjika mu sikani, apo ayi chithunzi chojambulidwa sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Gawo lachitatu ndikusintha kusiyana ndi kuwala kwa chinsalu kuti gawo lokhala ndi filimu yamkuwa ndi gawo lopanda filimu yamkuwa likhale ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, ndiyeno mutembenuzire chithunzi chachiwiri kukhala chakuda ndi choyera, ndipo muwone ngati mizereyo ili yomveka bwino. Ngati sichoncho, bwerezani izi. Ngati zili zomveka, sungani chithunzicho ngati mafayilo amtundu wa BMP wakuda ndi woyera TOP.BMP ndi BOT.BMP. Ngati mupeza zovuta ndi zojambulazo, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito PHOTOSHOP kukonza ndikuwongolera.

Gawo lachinayi ndikusintha mafayilo awiri amtundu wa BMP kukhala mafayilo amtundu wa PROTEL, ndikusintha magawo awiri mu PROTEL. Mwachitsanzo, malo a PAD ndi VIA omwe adutsa zigawo ziwirizi zimagwirizana, kusonyeza kuti njira zam'mbuyomu zachitika bwino. Ngati pali kupatuka, bwerezani gawo lachitatu. Chifukwa chake, kukopera kwa PCB ndi ntchito yomwe imafuna kuleza mtima, chifukwa vuto laling'ono lidzakhudza mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mafananidwe pambuyo potengera.

Gawo lachisanu ndikutembenuza BMP ya TOP layer kupita ku TOP.PCB, tcherani khutu ku kutembenuka kwa SILK, yomwe ndi chikasu chachikasu, ndiyeno mukhoza kufufuza mzere pa TOP wosanjikiza, ndikuyika chipangizocho molingana. pojambula mu sitepe yachiwiri. Chotsani gawo la SILK mutatha kujambula. Pitirizani kubwereza mpaka zigawo zonse zitakokedwa.

Gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndikulowetsa TOP.PCB ndi BOT.PCB mu PROTEL, ndipo ndi bwino kuziphatikiza mu chithunzi chimodzi.

Gawo lachisanu ndi chiwiri, gwiritsani ntchito chosindikizira cha laser kusindikiza TOP LAYER ndi BOTTOM LAYER pa filimu yowonekera (chiŵerengero cha 1: 1), ikani filimuyo pa PCB, ndikuyerekeza ngati pali cholakwika chilichonse. Ngati zili zolondola, mwatha. .

Koperani bolodi lofanana ndi bolodi loyambirira linabadwa, koma izi zangochitika theka. M'pofunikanso kuyesa ngati luso lamagetsi la kope la kope ndilofanana ndi bolodi loyambirira. Ngati zili chomwecho, zimachitikadi.

Zindikirani: Ngati ndi bolodi lamitundu yambiri, muyenera kupukuta mosanjikiza mkati, ndikubwereza masitepe okopera kuchokera pagawo lachitatu mpaka lachisanu. Zoonadi, kutchula dzina lazithunzi kulinso kosiyana. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa zigawo. Nthawi zambiri, kutengera mbali ziwiri kumafuna Ndi chosavuta kuposa bolodi lamitundu ingapo, ndipo gulu lamitundu yambiri wosanjikiza limakonda kupotoza, kotero kuti gulu lokopa lamitundu yambiri liyenera kusamala komanso kusamala (kumene vias mkati ndi osakhala kudzera amakhala ndi zovuta).

Njira ya mbali ziwiri yokopera bolodi:
1. Jambulani zigawo zapamwamba ndi zapansi za bolodi yozungulira ndikusunga zithunzi ziwiri za BMP.

2. Tsegulani kope bolodi mapulogalamu Quickpcb2005, dinani "Fayilo" "Open Base Map" kutsegula chithunzi scanned. Gwiritsani ntchito PAGEUP kuti muwonetsere pazenera, onani pad, pezani PP kuti muyike pad, onani mzere ndikutsatira mzere wa PT ... .

3. Dinani "Fayilo" ndi "Open Base Image" kuti mutsegule wosanjikiza wina wa chithunzi chojambulidwa;

4. Dinani "Fayilo" ndi "Tsegulani" kachiwiri kuti mutsegule fayilo ya B2P yosungidwa kale. Tikuwona bolodi lomwe langokopedwa kumene, litayikidwa pamwamba pa chithunzichi - bolodi la PCB lomwelo, mabowo ali pamalo omwewo, koma kulumikizana ndi mawaya ndikosiyana. Chifukwa chake timakanikiza "Zosankha" - "Zikhazikiko za Layer", zimitsani mzere wapamwamba kwambiri ndi chophimba cha silika pano, ndikusiya ma vias amitundu yambiri.

5. The vias pamwamba wosanjikiza ali chimodzimodzi monga vias pa chithunzi pansi. Tsopano titha kutsata mizere yomwe ili pansi monga momwe tinkachitira paubwana. Dinani "Sungani" kachiwiri-fayilo ya B2P tsopano ili ndi zigawo ziwiri za chidziwitso pamwamba ndi pansi.

6. Dinani "Fayilo" ndi "Export monga PCB Fayilo", ndipo mukhoza kupeza PCB wapamwamba ndi zigawo ziwiri za deta. Mukhoza kusintha bolodi kapena linanena bungwe schematic chithunzi kapena kutumiza mwachindunji PCB mbale fakitale kupanga

Njira yokopera ma board a Multilayer:

M'malo mwake, bolodi yokhala ndi zigawo zinayi ndikukopera matabwa awiri am'mbali mobwerezabwereza, ndipo gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndikukopera mobwerezabwereza ma board atatu am'mbali ... waya mkati. Kodi timawona bwanji zigawo zamkati za bolodi yolondola ya multilayer? -Stratification.

Pali njira zambiri zosanjirira, monga potion corrosion, kuvula zida, ndi zina zotero, koma ndizosavuta kulekanitsa zigawo ndikutaya deta. Zochitika zimatiuza kuti mchenga ndi wolondola kwambiri.

Tikamaliza kukopera pamwamba ndi pansi zigawo za PCB, ife kawirikawiri ntchito sandpaper kupukuta pamwamba wosanjikiza kusonyeza wosanjikiza wamkati; sandpaper ndi sandpaper wamba yogulitsidwa m'masitolo a hardware, nthawi zambiri lathyathyathya PCB, ndiyeno gwirani sandpaper ndikupaka wogawana pa PCB (Ngati bolodi ndi laling'ono, mukhoza kuyala sandpaper lathyathyathya, akanikizire PCB ndi chala chimodzi ndipo pakani pa sandpaper. ). Mfundo yaikulu ndikuikonza kuti ikhale yophwanyika kuti ikhale pansi mofanana.

Chophimba cha silika ndi mafuta obiriwira nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa, ndipo waya wamkuwa ndi khungu la mkuwa ayenera kupukuta kangapo. Nthawi zambiri, bolodi la Bluetooth likhoza kufufutidwa mumphindi zochepa, ndipo memory stick idzatenga pafupifupi mphindi khumi; ndithudi, ngati muli ndi mphamvu zambiri, zidzatenga nthawi yochepa; ngati muli ndi mphamvu zochepa, zidzatenga nthawi yambiri.

Pakali pano grinding board ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga masanjidwe, komanso ndiyothandiza kwambiri. Titha kupeza PCB yotayidwa ndikuyesa. M'malo mwake, kugaya bolodi sizovuta mwaukadaulo. Ndizotopetsa pang'ono. Zimatengera khama pang'ono ndipo palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa pogaya bolodi ku zala.

Kuwunika kwa zotsatira za PCB

Pamakonzedwe a PCB, dongosolo likamalizidwa, chithunzi cha PCB chiyenera kuwunikiridwa kuti awone ngati dongosolo ladongosolo ndi loyenera komanso ngati zotsatira zake zingatheke. Nthawi zambiri imatha kufufuzidwa kuchokera kuzinthu izi:
1. Kaya makonzedwe a dongosolo amatsimikizira mawaya oyenera kapena abwino, kaya mawaya amatha kuchitidwa modalirika, komanso ngati kudalirika kwa kayendetsedwe ka dera kungatsimikizidwe. M'makonzedwe, m'pofunika kukhala ndi chidziwitso chonse ndi kukonzekera kwa kayendetsedwe ka chizindikiro ndi mphamvu ndi waya wapansi.

2. Kaya kukula kwa bolodi losindikizidwa likugwirizana ndi kukula kwa zojambulazo, kaya zingathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za PCB kupanga ndondomeko, komanso ngati pali chizindikiro cha khalidwe. Mfundo imeneyi imafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Maonekedwe a dera ndi mawaya a matabwa ambiri a PCB amapangidwa mokongola kwambiri komanso momveka bwino, koma malo enieni a cholumikizira amanyalanyazidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe apangidwe asamangidwe ndi maulendo ena.

3. Kaya zigawo zikutsutsana mu danga la mbali ziwiri ndi zitatu. Samalani kukula kwenikweni kwa chipangizocho, makamaka kutalika kwa chipangizocho. Pamene kuwotcherera zigawo popanda masanjidwe, kutalika sikuyenera kupitirira 3mm.

4. Kaya masanjidwe a zigawo ndi wandiweyani ndi mwadongosolo, mwaukhondo, komanso ngati zonse zayalidwa. Pamakonzedwe a zigawo, osati mayendedwe a chizindikiro, mtundu wa chizindikiro, ndi malo omwe amafunikira chisamaliro kapena chitetezo ayenera kuganiziridwa, koma kachulukidwe kake kachipangizo kachipangizo kamayenera kuganiziridwanso kuti akwaniritse kachulukidwe ofanana.

5. Kaya zigawo zomwe zimafunikira kusinthidwa pafupipafupi zitha kusinthidwa mosavuta, komanso ngati pulagi-mu bolodi ingathe kulowetsedwa mosavuta mu zida. Kusavuta komanso kudalirika kwa kusinthidwa ndi kulumikizidwa kwa zigawo zomwe zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa.