M'mapangidwe a PCB, mapangidwe a zigawo ndizofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimatsimikizira bwino komanso kukongola kwa bolodi ndi kutalika ndi kuchuluka kwa waya wosindikizidwa, ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri kudalirika kwa makina onse.
A bwino dera bolodi, kuwonjezera pa kukwaniritsidwa kwa mfundo ya ntchito, komanso kuganizira EMI, EMC, ESD (electrostatic discharge), kukhulupirika chizindikiro ndi makhalidwe ena magetsi, komanso kuganizira dongosolo makina, lalikulu mphamvu Chip kutentha. zovuta za kupsinjika.
General PCB masanjidwe zofunika
1, werengani chikalata chofotokozera kapangidwe kake, kwaniritsani mawonekedwe apadera, gawo lapadera ndi zofunikira zina zamakonzedwe.
2, ikani malo opangira gululi kukhala 25mil, imatha kulumikizidwa kudzera pagawo la gridi, malo ofanana; Njira yolumikizirana ndi yayikulu isanakhale yaying'ono (zida zazikulu ndi zida zazikulu zimalumikizidwa poyamba), ndipo mawonekedwe owongolera ali pakati, monga momwe tawonera pachithunzichi.
3, kukumana ndi malire oletsa kutalika kwa dera, kapangidwe kake ndi kamangidwe ka chipangizo chapadera, zofunikira zamalo oletsedwa.
① Chithunzi 1 (kumanzere) pansipa: Zofunikira za kutalika kwa kutalika, zolembedwa bwino pamakina osanjikiza kapena cholembera, chosavuta kuwunikanso pambuyo pake;
(2) Musanayambe masanjidwe, ikani malo oletsedwa, omwe amafuna kuti chipangizocho chikhale 5mm kutali ndi m'mphepete mwa bolodi, musamapangire chipangizocho, pokhapokha ngati zofunikira zapadera kapena mapangidwe a bolodi amatha kuwonjezera ndondomeko;
③ Mapangidwe a mapangidwe ndi zipangizo zapadera akhoza kukhazikitsidwa molondola ndi makonzedwe kapena ndi makonzedwe a chimango chakunja kapena mzere wapakati wa zigawozo.
4, masanjidwe ayenera kukhala chisanadze masanjidwe choyamba, musatenge bolodi kuyamba masanjidwe mwachindunji, chisanadze masanjidwewo akhoza zochokera gawo litengere, mu PCB bolodi kujambula mzere kusanthula otaya kusanthula, ndiyeno zochokera pakuwunika kwamayendedwe azizindikiro, mu bolodi la PCB kuti mujambule gawo lothandizira, fufuzani malo oyandikira a gawoli mu PCB ndi kukula kwa gawo la ntchito. Jambulani mzere wowonjezerawo m'lifupi mwake 40mil, ndipo yesani kulingalira kwa masanjidwewo pakati pa ma modules ndi ma modules kudzera m'ntchito pamwambapa, monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi.
5, masanjidwewo ayenera kuganizira njira yomwe imasiya chingwe chamagetsi, sayenera kukhala yolimba kwambiri, kudzera mukukonzekera kuti mudziwe komwe mphamvu imachokera komwe mungapite, pesa mtengo wamagetsi.
6, zigawo zotentha (monga electrolytic capacitors, crystal oscillators) masanjidwe ayenera kukhala kutali ndi magetsi ndi zida zina zotentha kwambiri, momwe zingathere polowera kumtunda.
7, kuti mukwaniritse kusiyanasiyana kwa gawo lovutirapo, kusanja kwa bolodi lonse, kusungitsa mawayilesi onse a board
Mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso apamwamba kwambiri amasiyanitsidwa kwathunthu ndi zizindikiro zofooka za mafunde ang'onoang'ono ndi otsika. Magawo amphamvu kwambiri amatsekeredwa mumagulu onse popanda mkuwa wowonjezera. Mtunda wa creepage pakati pa zigawo za high-voltage umafufuzidwa mogwirizana ndi tebulo lokhazikika
Chizindikiro cha analogi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi siginecha ya digito yokhala ndi gawo m'lifupi mwake pafupifupi 20mil, ndipo analogi ndi RF amasanjidwa mu '-' font kapena 'L' mawonekedwe malinga ndi zofunikira pakupanga modular.
Chizindikiro chafupipafupi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi chizindikiro chotsika, mtunda wolekanitsa ndi osachepera 3mm, ndipo mawonekedwe a mtanda sangathe kutsimikiziridwa.
Mapangidwe a zida zowunikira monga kristalo oscillator ndi woyendetsa wotchi ayenera kukhala kutali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira mawonekedwe, osati m'mphepete mwa bolodi, komanso osachepera 10mm kutali ndi m'mphepete mwa bolodi. Krustalo ndi kristalo oscillator ziyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chip, kuyikidwa mugawo lomwelo, osabowola mabowo, ndikusunga malo pansi.
Dera lomwelo limatengera masanjidwe a "symmetrical" (kugwiritsanso ntchito molunjika gawo lomwelo) kuti akwaniritse kusasinthika kwa chizindikiro.
Pambuyo pa mapangidwe a PCB, tiyenera kusanthula ndikuwunika kuti kupanga kukhale kosalala.