Chiwerengero cha opanga digito ndi akatswiri opanga digito a digito muukadaulo waukadaulo ukukulirakulira, zomwe zimawonetsa chitukuko cha malonda. Ngakhale kutsimikizika kwa kapangidwe ka digito kwabweretsa zochitika zazikulu mu malonda amagetsi, zimakhalapobe, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala madera ena omwe mawonekedwe ndi madera ena. Maluso owonda mu Analog ndi minda ya digito imakhala ndi zofanana, koma mukafuna kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino, chifukwa cha njira zawo zowonera, kapangidwe kake kovuta sikulinso yankho labwino.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokozanso zofananira ndi kusiyana pakati pa analog ndi kuwongolera digito potengera ma carnacitor, mapangidwe am'madzi, ndi electromagnetic zosemphana ndi PCB.

Chiwerengero cha opanga digito ndi akatswiri opanga digito a digito muukadaulo waukadaulo ukukulirakulira, zomwe zimawonetsa chitukuko cha malonda. Ngakhale kutsimikizika kwa kapangidwe ka digito kwabweretsa zochitika zazikulu mu malonda amagetsi, zimakhalapobe, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala madera ena omwe mawonekedwe ndi madera ena. Maluso owonda mu Analog ndi minda ya digito imakhala ndi zofanana, koma mukafuna kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino, chifukwa cha njira zawo zowonera, kapangidwe kake kovuta sikulinso yankho labwino.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokozanso zofananira ndi kusiyana pakati pa analog ndi kuwongolera digito potengera ma carnacitor, mapangidwe am'madzi, ndi electromagnetic zosemphana ndi PCB.

Kuonjezera kapena ma carports oyendetsa madera ozungulira ndipo malo omwe ali pabodiyo ali pa boloni ndiofala kwa mapangidwe a digito ndi analog. Koma mosangalatsa, zifukwa zake ndi zosiyana.

Mu mapangidwe a Analog ojambula, ma car car calcactors nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera zizindikiro zapamwamba kwambiri pa magetsi. Ngati ma cartactars a cyspass sawonjezeredwa, zikwangwani zapamwamba kwambiri izi zitha kuyika tchipisi a Analog pamatumbo. Nthawi zambiri, pafupipafupi zizindikiro zapamwamba kwambiri izi zimapitilira zotheka za ma a Analog kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zapamwamba. Ngati Captass Cakocitor sagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Analog Gawo, phokoso lingayambike munjira ya chizindikiro, ndipo m'mavuto ambiri, zingayambitse kugwedezeka.

Mu Analog ndi Digital PCB, kudutsa kapena ma carports (0.1UF) ayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chipangizocho momwe mungathere. Mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu yayikulu (10UF) iyenera kuyikidwa pakhomo la magetsi. Nthawi zonse, zikhomo za avactors izi ziyenera kukhala zazifupi.

Pa bolodi la madera 2, njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa mphamvu ndi ma waya pansi. Chifukwa cha mgwirizano wosayenerawu, pamagetsi zigawo ndi mabwalo ozungulira pa bolodi adera amatha kukhala ogwirizana ndi electromaagnetic.

Mu gawo limodzi la Chithunzi 3, mphamvu ndi mawaya ndi ma waya pansi pazigawo za madera ozungulira ali pafupi. Chiwerengero chofananira cha mzere wamagetsi ndi mzere womwe uli mu bolodi wozungulirawu ndi woyenera monga momwe akuwonetsera.
　　
Zida za digito monga olamulira ndi mapurosesa, ma carpolling carpocling amafunikiranso, koma pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Ntchito imodzi ya capoctors iyi ndikukhala ngati "Miniature" banki.

M'mabwalo a digito, kuchuluka kwapano nthawi zambiri kumafunikira kuchita chipata kusintha kwa chipata. Popeza kusinthanitsa mafunde osazikika kumapangidwa pa chip mu kusintha ndikuyenda m'bwalo la madera, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi ndalama zowonjezera "zopumira". Ngati palibe ndalama zokwanira mukamasintha zochita, mphamvu yamagetsi imasintha kwambiri. Kusintha kwamphamvu kwambiri kumayambitsa gawo la digito kuti mulowetse boma losatsimikizika, ndipo zingayambitse makina aboma mu chipangizo cha digito kuti mugwiritse ntchito molakwika.

Kusintha komwe kumayenda kudutsa gawo la madera kumapangitsa kuti magetsi asinthe, ndipo bolodi la madera ali ndi ziganizo za ma parasitic. Njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera kusintha kwa nyuzi: v = ldi / DT. Pakati pawo: v = magetsi kusintha kwa magetsi, l = bolodi la madera amafufuza zosankha, di
　　
Chifukwa chake, pazifukwa zambiri, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma carpacting (kapena kutsitsa) ma car Cavactors pa Magetsi kapena pazitsitsi za zida zogwirizira.

Chingwe champhamvu ndi waya pansi muyenera kusungidwa limodzi

Udindo wa chingwe champhamvu ndipo waya wapansi umafanana bwino kuti muchepetse kuthekera kwa zosokoneza zamagetsi. Ngati chingwe champhamvu ndi mzere wapansi sichikufanana, chiwops chidzapangidwa ndi phokoso lidzapangidwa.

Chitsanzo cha kapangidwe ka PCB komwe mzere wamagetsi ndi mzere wapansi sufanana bwino ndikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2. Pa madera a dera lozungulira, malo opangidwira ndi 697cō. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe yawonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3, kuthekera kwa phokoso lazidayo kapena kuchotsera madera omwe akuwonetsa magetsi pachiwopsezo chikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.

Kusiyana pakati pa analog ndi njira zowonera digito

Ndege ya nthaka ndi vuto

Chidziwitso choyambirira cha mabwalo ozungulira chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Andalog ndi madera a digito. Lamulo lofunikira la chala ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndege yosasokonekera. Lingaliro lodziwika bwino limachepetsa di / DT (kusintha pakadali pano ndi nthawi) zozungulira za digito, zomwe zimasintha momwe zingathekere ndikupangitsa phokoso lolowa m'mabwalo a analog.

Njira zowonera za digito ndi analog ndizofanana, kupatula chimodzi. Pa mabwalo a Analog, pali mfundo ina yodziwitsa, ndiko kuti, sungani mizere ya digito ndi malupu mu ndege yozungulira kutali ndi madera omwe angathetse. Izi zitha kuchitika polumikiza ndege ya Analog Izi zimachitika kuti kusokonezedwa ndi njira ya sigiriki yochepa.

Palibe chifukwa chochitira izi kwa madera achigiriki, omwe amatha kulekerera phokoso lambiri pa ndege yopanda mavuto.

Chithunzi 4 (kumanzere) chimakhala chosinthira digito yosinthira ku Analog Starning ndikulekanitsa magawo a digito ndi ma andalog adera. .

Chithunzi 5 madongosolo awiri oyandikana nawo pa PCB, ndikosavuta kupanga ma carritic. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mtundu uwu wa capocacitance, magetsi osintha kwambiri paulendo umodzi amatha kupanga chizindikiro chapano pa kafukufuku wina.

Chithunzi 6 Ngati simukusamala kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu, zomwe zimachitika mu PCB zitha kubweretsa chisinthiko ndi kusinthika. Partitic izi ndizovulaza kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa madera kuphatikiza zigawo za digito.

Malo a ▍contPa

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mu kapangidwe ka PCB iliyonse, phokoso ladera ladera ndi "chete" gawo (gawo lopanda phokoso) liyenera kulekanitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mabwalo a digito ndi "olemera" phokoso ndipo samvera phokoso (chifukwa madera a digito ali ndi kulolera kwa magetsi); M'malo mwake, phokoso la magetsi limalekerera mabwalo a Analog ndiocheperako.

Mwa awiriwo, mabwalo a analog ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusintha phokoso. Mu kumenyedwa kwa dongosolo losakanikirana, madengwe awiriwa ayenera kulekanitsidwa, monga tikuonera Chithunzi 4.
　　
Zigawo za ▍Parasitic zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kapangidwe ka PCB

Zinthu ziwiri Zoyambira Parasitic zomwe zingayambitse mavuto zimapangidwa mosavuta mu kapangidwe kake: Parasitic Capacitance ndi parasitic.

Mukamapanga bolodi dera, kuyika zinthu ziwiri kuyandikirana kwa wina ndi mnzake kumapanga parasitic. Mutha kuchita izi: Pa zigawo ziwiri zosiyana, ikani trace imodzi pamwamba pa kayendedwe ka ina; kapena pa wosanjikiza womwewo, ikani lingaliro limodzi kupita ku trace ina, monga tikuonera Chithunzi 5.
　　
M'magawo awiriwa, kusintha kwa magetsi pa nthawi (DV / DT) paulendo umodzi akhoza kuyambitsa pakadali pano. Ngati kufufuza kwina kuli kovuta, komwe kumapangidwa ndi gawo lamagetsi kudzasinthidwa kukhala magetsi.
　　
Magetsi othamanga nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa gawo la digito la kapangidwe ka Analog. Ngati masheya omwe ali ndi magetsi othamanga ali pafupi ndi analog ogwirizana kwambiri, cholakwika ichi chidzakhudzanso kulondola kwa madera a Analog. M'derali, madengwe a analog ali ndi zovuta ziwiri: Kulekerera kwawo komwe kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa madera ozungulira diatical; Ndipo zovuta zopitilira muyeso ndizofala kwambiri.
　　
Kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zotsatirazi zomwe zingachepetse izi. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndikusintha kukula pakati pa ziyeso malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Kukula kothandiza kwambiri kusintha kuli mtunda pakati pa zinthu ziwiri. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kusinthika D ali mu chipembedzo chofanana ndi chipembedzo. Monga momwe D ikuchulukirachulukira, mphamvu yachuma ichepa. Chosiyanasiyana chomwe chitha kusinthidwa ndi kutalika kwa zochitika ziwiri. Poterepa, kutalika kunachepa, komanso kuthekera kothekera pakati pa zinthu ziwirizi kumachepa.
　　
Njira inanso ndikuyika waya wapansi pakati pa zinthu ziwiri izi. Waya wapansi ndi wotsika kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera trace ina monga izi zifooketsa gawo lamagetsi, monga tikuonera Chithunzi 5.
　　
Mfundo ya parasitic chisonyezo mu bolodi la madera ndizofanana ndi za parasitic capecacitance. Ndinso kuyikanso mayendedwe awiri. Pa zigawo ziwiri, ikani trace imodzi pamwamba pa kayendedwe ka ina; kapena pa wosanjikiza womwewo, ikani lingaliro limodzi kupita ku linalo, monga tikuonera Chithunzi 6.

Mu kasinthidwe awiriwa, kusintha komwe kwasintha (di / DT) kanthawi, chifukwa cha kusanthula kumeneku, adzatanthauzira magetsi pa kafukufuku womwewo; Ndipo chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa kusanjana, iyo idzakwaniritsidwa pakalipano pa trace ina. Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yoyambirira ndiyokwanira mokwanira, kulowererapo kungachepetse kulekerera magetsi a digito ndikuyambitsa zolakwa. Izi sizimangochitika m'mabwalo a digito, koma chodabwitsachi ndi chofala kwambiri m'magawo a digito chifukwa cha mafunde ambiri potembenuza mabwalo digito.
　　
Kuthetsa phokoso lomwe lingachitike kuchokera ku magwero a electromaagnetic, ndibwino kupatulira "chete" a analog "ku noisy i / o madoko. Kuyesa kukwaniritsa mphamvu yotsika kwambiri ndi network yapansi, kusanja kwa mawaya ozungulira digito ayenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa madeti a Analog kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.
　　
03

Mapeto

Pambuyo pa digito ndi analog m'mizere imatsimikizika, kuyeserera mosamala ndikofunikira pa PCB yopambana. Njira yowonda imadziwitsidwa kwa aliyense monga lamulo la chala, chifukwa nkovuta kuyesa kupambana kwakukulu kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale palimodzinso njira zowonera digito ya digito ndi analog madera, kusiyana komwe kumayendera njira zawo zowonera kuyenera kuzindikiridwa komanso kuchita bwino.