PCB kukopera bolodi, makampani nthawi zambiri amatchedwa bolodi bolodi kukopera bolodi, wozungulira bolodi choyerekeza, wozungulira bolodi kope, PCB choyerekeza, PCB m'mbuyo kapangidwe kapena PCB n'zosintha chitukuko.

Ndiko kuti, poganiza kuti pali zinthu zakuthupi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi matabwa ozungulira, kusanthula m'mbuyo kwa matabwa ozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatsira kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, ndi mafayilo a PCB choyambirira, mafayilo azinthu (BOM), mafayilo amachitidwe ndi zina zaukadaulo. zikalata zopanga silika za PCB zabwezeretsedwa 1:1.

Kenako gwiritsani ntchito mafayilo aukadaulo ndi mafayilo opangira PCB kupanga, kuwotcherera chigawo, kuyezetsa kafukufuku wowuluka, kukonza zolakwika pa bolodi, ndikumaliza kopi yonse ya template yoyambira dera.

Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti PCB copy board ndi chiyani. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti bolodi la PCB ndilokopa.

Pakumvetsetsa kwa aliyense, copycat amatanthauza kutsanzira, koma bolodi la PCB silimatsanzira. Cholinga cha bolodi PCB kukopera ndi kuphunzira atsopano akunja zamagetsi dera kamangidwe luso, ndiyeno kuyamwa mayankho abwino kamangidwe, ndiyeno ntchito kukhala mapangidwe bwino. Mankhwala.

Ndi chitukuko mosalekeza ndi kuzama makampani kukopera bolodi, masiku ano PCB kukopera bolodi lingaliro wakhala kukodzedwa mu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana, ndipo salinso okha ndi losavuta dera bolodi kukopera ndi cloning, komanso kumakhudza chitukuko chachiwiri mankhwala ndi chitukuko chatsopano mankhwala. Kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.

Mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu kusanthula ndi kukambirana za zikalata zaumisiri wazinthu zomwe zilipo kale, malingaliro apangidwe, mawonekedwe, ukadaulo wamakina, ndi zina zambiri, zitha kupereka kusanthula kwa kuthekera komanso kupikisana pakupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano, ndikuthandizira R&D ndi mayunitsi opangira kupanga. kutsatira m'nthawi yachitukuko chaukadaulo, kusintha kwanthawi yake ndikuwongolera mapulani apangidwe kazinthu, ndi kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zatsopano zomwe zimapikisana kwambiri pamsika.

The ndondomeko PCB kukopera akhoza kuzindikira mofulumira pomwe, Mokweza ndi yachiwiri chitukuko cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala pakompyuta kudzera m'zigawo ndi pang'ono kusinthidwa owona deta luso. Malinga ndi zojambula zamafayilo ndi zojambulajambula zomwe zatengedwa m'mabokosi okopera, okonza akatswiri amathanso kutsatira zomwe kasitomala amafuna. Wokonzeka kukhathamiritsa mapangidwe ndikusintha PCB.

N'zothekanso kuwonjezera ntchito zatsopano pazogulitsa kapena kukonzanso zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito pazifukwa izi, kotero kuti zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi ntchito zatsopano zidzawululidwe mofulumira kwambiri komanso ndi maganizo atsopano, osati kukhala ndi ufulu wawo wanzeru, komanso mumsika Wapambana mwayi woyamba ndikubweretsa phindu lawiri kwa makasitomala.

Kaya imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusanthula mfundo za board board ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala pofufuza m'mbuyo, kapena imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati maziko ndi maziko a mapangidwe a PCB pamapangidwe amtsogolo, ma schematics a PCB ali ndi gawo lapadera.

Ndiye, momwe mungasinthire chithunzi cha PCB molingana ndi chithunzi kapena chinthu chenicheni, ndipo njira yosinthira ndi yotani? Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira ndi ziti?

Njira yosinthira

1. Lembani PCB zokhudzana

Pezani chidutswa cha PCB, choyamba lembani chitsanzo, magawo, ndi malo a zigawo zonse pa pepala, makamaka momwe diode, triode, ndi momwe IC gap imayendera. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kamera ya digito kutenga zithunzi ziwiri za malo a zigawozo. matabwa ambiri pcb dera akupita patsogolo kwambiri. Zina mwa ma transistors a diode pamwambapa sizizindikirika nkomwe.

2. Chithunzi chojambulidwa

Chotsani zigawo zonse ndikuchotsa malata mu dzenje la PAD. Tsukani PCB ndi mowa ndikuyiyika mu scanner. Scanner ikasanthula, muyenera kukweza ma pixel ojambulidwa pang'ono kuti muwone bwino.

Ndiye mopepuka mchenga pamwamba ndi pansi zigawo ndi madzi yopyapyala pepala mpaka mkuwa filimu chonyezimira, kuziyika pa sikanila, yambani PHOTOSHOP, ndi jambulani zigawo ziwiri padera mu mtundu.

Dziwani kuti PCB iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika komanso molunjika mu sikani, apo ayi chithunzi chojambulidwa sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

3. Sinthani ndi kukonza chithunzicho

Sinthani kusiyanitsa, kuwala ndi mdima wa chinsalu kuti gawolo ndi filimu yamkuwa ndi gawo lopanda filimu yamkuwa likhale ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, kenaka mutembenuzire chithunzi chachiwiri kukhala chakuda ndi choyera, ndipo muwone ngati mizereyo ili yomveka bwino. Ngati sichoncho, bwerezani izi. Ngati zili zomveka, sungani chithunzicho ngati mafayilo amtundu wa BMP wakuda ndi woyera TOP BMP ndi BOT BMP. Ngati mupeza zovuta ndi zithunzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito PHOTOSHOP kukonza ndikuwongolera.

4. Tsimikizirani zochitika mwangozi za PAD ndi VIA

Sinthani mafayilo awiri amtundu wa BMP kukhala mafayilo amtundu wa PROTEL, ndikuwasamutsa kukhala magawo awiri mu PROTEL. Mwachitsanzo, maudindo a PAD ndi VIA omwe adutsa zigawo ziwiri zimagwirizana, kusonyeza kuti njira zam'mbuyomu zachitika bwino. Ngati pali kupatuka, bwerezani gawo lachitatu. Chifukwa chake, kukopera kwa PCB ndi ntchito yomwe imafuna kuleza mtima, chifukwa vuto laling'ono lidzakhudza mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mafananidwe pambuyo potengera.

5. Jambulani wosanjikiza

Sinthani BMP ya TOP layer kukhala TOP PCB. Samalani kutembenuka kwa SILK wosanjikiza, womwe ndi wosanjikiza wachikasu. Ndiye mukhoza kutsata mzere pa TOP wosanjikiza ndikuyika chipangizocho molingana ndi chojambula mu sitepe yachiwiri. Chotsani gawo la SILK mutatha kujambula. Bwerezani mpaka zigawo zonse zitakokedwa.

6. TOP PCB ndi BOT PCB pamodzi chithunzi

Lowetsani TOP PCB ndi BOT PCB mu PROTEL ndikuphatikiza kukhala chithunzi chimodzi.

7. Laser yosindikiza TOP LAYER, BOTTOM LAYER

Gwiritsani ntchito chosindikizira cha laser kuti musindikize TOP LAYER ndi BOTTOM LAYER pafilimu yowonekera (chiŵerengero cha 1: 1), ikani filimuyo pa PCB, ndikuyerekeza ngati pali cholakwika. Ngati zili zolondola, mwatha.

8. Mayeso

Yesani ngati ukadaulo wapakompyuta wa board board uli wofanana ndi bolodi loyambirira. Ngati zili chomwecho, zimachitikadi.
Kusamala mwatsatanetsatane

1. Gawani madera ogwira ntchito moyenera

Popanga mawonekedwe osinthira azithunzi za board yabwino ya PCB, kugawikana koyenera kwa madera ogwirira ntchito kungathandize mainjiniya kuchepetsa zovuta zosafunikira ndikuwongolera luso lojambula.

Nthawi zambiri, zigawo zomwe zili ndi ntchito yofanana pa bolodi la PCB zidzakonzedwa mokhazikika, ndipo kugawa dera ndi ntchito kumatha kukhala ndi maziko abwino komanso olondola potembenuza chithunzithunzi.

Komabe, kugawanika kwa malo ogwira ntchitowa sikungokhalira. Zimafunikira mainjiniya kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza chidziwitso chamagetsi.

Choyamba, pezani gawo lalikulu mu gawo linalake logwira ntchito, ndiyeno molingana ndi kulumikizana kwa waya, mutha kupeza zigawo zina zamagawo omwewo panjira kuti mupange gawo logwira ntchito.

Mapangidwe a zigawo zinchito ndi maziko a zojambula schematic. Kuphatikiza apo, pochita izi, musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito manambala a chigawo pa bolodi mochenjera. Iwo akhoza kukuthandizani kugawa ntchito mofulumira.

2. Pezani magawo oyenerera

Gawo ili likhoza kunenedwanso kuti ndilo gawo lalikulu la PCB network mzinda womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa zojambulazo. Gawo lolozeralo litatsimikiziridwa, gawo lolozera limakokedwa molingana ndi zikhomo za magawo ofotokozerawa, zomwe zingatsimikizire kulondola kwa chithunzi cha schematic mokulirapo. Kugonana.

Kwa mainjiniya, kutsimikiza kwa magawo ofotokozera si nkhani yovuta kwambiri. Pazochitika zachilendo, zigawo zomwe zimagwira ntchito yaikulu mu dera zingasankhidwe ngati zidziwitso. Nthawi zambiri amakhala okulirapo ndipo amakhala ndi mapini ambiri, omwe ndi osavuta kujambula. Monga mabwalo ophatikizika, ma transistors, ma transistors, ndi zina zotere, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magawo oyenera ofotokozera.

3. Kusiyanitsa mizere molondola ndi kujambula mawaya moyenera

Pakusiyanitsa pakati pa mawaya apansi, mawaya amagetsi, ndi mawaya azizindikiro, mainjiniya amafunikiranso kukhala ndi chidziwitso choyenera chamagetsi, chidziwitso cholumikizira dera, chidziwitso cha waya cha PCB, ndi zina zotero. Kusiyanitsa kwa mizere iyi kungathe kufufuzidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zogwirizanitsa chigawo, mzere wa zojambulazo zamkuwa zamkuwa ndi maonekedwe a mankhwala amagetsi okha.

Muzojambula zamawaya, pofuna kupewa kuwoloka ndi kulowetsa mizere, zizindikiro zambiri zapansi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamzere wapansi. Mizere yosiyanasiyana imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mizere yosiyana kuti iwonetsetse kuti ndi yomveka komanso yodziwika bwino. Pazigawo zosiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zapadera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kapena Jambulani mabwalo amagulu padera, ndipo potsiriza muwaphatikize.

4. Yang'anirani maziko oyambira ndikuphunzira kuchokera kumapangidwe ofanana

Pazinthu zina zoyambira zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi njira zojambulira, mainjiniya amayenera kukhala aluso, osati kuti athe kujambula mwachindunji mabwalo osavuta komanso apamwamba, komanso kupanga mawonekedwe onse amagetsi amagetsi.

Kumbali inayi, musanyalanyaze kuti mtundu womwewo wa zinthu zamagetsi zimakhala ndi zofanana mu chithunzi cha schematic. Mainjiniya atha kugwiritsa ntchito luso lochulukirachulukira ndikuphunzira kwathunthu kuchokera pazithunzi zofananira zozungulira kuti asinthe mawonekedwe azinthu zatsopano.

5. Chongani ndi kukhathamiritsa

Zojambula zikamalizidwa, mapangidwe osinthika a PCB anganenedwe kuti amamaliza kuyesedwa ndi kutsimikizira. Mtengo wazinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi magawo ogawa a PCB uyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuwongoleredwa. Malinga ndi chithunzi cha fayilo ya PCB, chithunzi chazithunzi chimafaniziridwa ndikuwunikidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti chithunzi chazithunzi chikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi chithunzi cha fayilo.