Pophunzira mapangidwe othamanga kwambiri a PCB, crosstalk ndi lingaliro lofunikira lomwe liyenera kuphunzitsidwa bwino. Ndi njira yayikulu yofalitsira kusokoneza kwa electromagnetic. Mizere yamasigino asynchronous, mizere yowongolera, ndi madoko a I\O amayendetsedwa. Crosstalk imatha kuyambitsa ntchito zachilendo zamazungulira kapena zigawo.

Crosstalk

Imatanthawuza kusokoneza kwaphokoso lamagetsi kosafunikira kwa mizere yopatsirana yoyandikana chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwamagetsi pomwe chizindikirocho chikufalikira pa chingwe chotumizira. Kusokoneza uku kumayambitsidwa ndi kuyanjana kwapakati komanso kuyanjana pakati pa mizere yopatsirana. Magawo a PCB wosanjikiza, malo otsetsereka a siginecha, mawonekedwe amagetsi akumapeto oyendetsa ndi malo olandirira, ndi njira yochotsera mzere zonse zimakhudzana ndi crosstalk.

Njira zazikulu zothetsera crosstalk ndi:

Wonjezerani mipata ya mawaya ofanana ndikutsatira lamulo la 3W;

Ikani waya wodzipatula wokhazikika pakati pa mawaya ofanana;

Chepetsani mtunda pakati pa wosanjikiza waya ndi ndege yapansi.

Kuti muchepetse kukambirana pakati pa mizere, mizere iyenera kukhala yayikulu mokwanira. Pamene mzere wapakati wapakati siwocheperapo nthawi 3 m'lifupi mwake, 70% ya magetsi amatha kusungidwa popanda kusokonezana, komwe kumatchedwa lamulo la 3W. Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa 98% ya gawo lamagetsi popanda kusokonezana, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malo a 10W.

Zindikirani: Pamapangidwe enieni a PCB, lamulo la 3W silingakwaniritse zofunikira zopewera kukambirana.

Njira zopewera zokambirana mu PCB

Pofuna kupewa crosstalk mu PCB, mainjiniya amatha kuganiziranso mbali za mapangidwe a PCB ndi masanjidwe, monga:

1. Sankhani mndandanda wa zida zomveka malinga ndi ntchito ndikusunga mawonekedwe a basi pansi paulamuliro wokhwima.

2. Chepetsani mtunda wapakati pakati pa zigawo.

3. Mizere yamakina othamanga kwambiri ndi zigawo zake (monga crystal oscillators) ziyenera kukhala kutali ndi mawonekedwe a I / () ogwirizanitsa ndi madera ena omwe amatha kusokoneza deta ndi kugwirizana.

4. Perekani kutha koyenera kwa mzere wothamanga kwambiri.

5. Pewani kutsata mtunda wautali womwe umakhala wofanana ndipo perekani mipata yokwanira pakati pa zilombo kuti muchepetse kulumikizana kwa inductive.

6. Mawaya a zigawo zoyandikana (microstrip kapena stripline) ayenera kukhala perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake kuteteza capacitive kugwirizana pakati pa zigawo.

7. Chepetsani mtunda pakati pa chizindikiro ndi ndege yapansi.

8. Kugawidwa ndi kudzipatula kwa magwero otulutsa phokoso lapamwamba (wotchi, I / O, kugwirizana kothamanga kwambiri), ndi zizindikiro zosiyana zimagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana.

9. Wonjezerani mtunda pakati pa mizere yowonetsera momwe mungathere, zomwe zingathe kuchepetsa capacitive crosstalk.

10. Chepetsani inductance yotsogolera, pewani kugwiritsa ntchito katundu wochuluka kwambiri wa impedance ndi katundu wochepa kwambiri wa impedance m'derali, ndipo yesetsani kukhazikika kwa katundu wa dera la analogi pakati pa loQ ndi lokQ. Chifukwa cholemetsa chokwera kwambiri chidzawonjezera capacitive crosstalk, mukamagwiritsa ntchito katundu wochuluka kwambiri, chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi, capacitive crosstalk idzawonjezeka, ndipo mukamagwiritsa ntchito katundu wochepa kwambiri, chifukwa cha ntchito yaikulu, Crosstalk inductive idzawonjezeka. wonjezani.

11. Konzani chizindikiro chothamanga kwambiri panthawi yapakati pa PCB.

12. Gwiritsani ntchito ukadaulo wofananira ndi impedance kuti mutsimikizire kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro cha satifiketi ya BT ndikupewa kupitilira.

13. Dziwani kuti kwa ma siginecha okhala ndi m'mphepete mwachangu (tr≤3ns), gwiritsani ntchito anti-crosstalk processing monga kukulunga pansi, ndikukonzekera mizere yolumikizira yomwe imasokonezedwa ndi EFT1B kapena ESD ndipo siyinasefedwe m'mphepete mwa PCB. .

14. Gwiritsani ntchito ndege yapansi momwe mungathere. Mzere wa chizindikiro umene umagwiritsa ntchito ndege yapansi udzapeza 15-20dB attenuation poyerekeza ndi mzere wa chizindikiro umene sugwiritsa ntchito ndege yapansi.

15. Zizindikiro zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka zimakonzedwa ndi nthaka, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito teknoloji yapansi pamagulu awiri kudzakwaniritsa 10-15dB attenuation.

16. Gwiritsani ntchito mawaya oyenerera, mawaya otetezedwa kapena mawaya a coaxial.

17. Sefa mizere yachizunzo ndi mizere yovuta.

18. Khazikitsani zigawo ndi mawaya moyenera, ikani chingwe cha mawaya ndi mawaya apakati moyenera, kuchepetsa kutalika kwa zizindikiro zofanana, kufupikitsa mtunda pakati pa mzere wa chizindikiro ndi ndege ya ndege, kuonjezera kutalika kwa mizere ya zizindikiro, ndi kuchepetsa kutalika kwa kufanana. mizere yazizindikiro (mkati mwautali wofunikira) , Njirazi zimatha kuchepetsa kuphatikizika.