Chifukwa cha ndondomeko zovuta za kupanga PCB, mu kukonzekera ndi kumanga kupanga wanzeru, m`pofunika kuganizira ntchito yokhudzana ndondomeko ndi kasamalidwe, ndiyeno kuchita zokha, zambiri ndi masanjidwe wanzeru.
Gulu la ndondomeko
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo za PCB, zimagawidwa m'mbali imodzi, mbali ziwiri, ndi matabwa amitundu yambiri. Njira zitatu za board sizili zofanana.
Palibe njira yamkati yosanjikiza ya mapanelo a mbali imodzi ndi mbali ziwiri, makamaka kudula-bowola-zotsatira.
Ma board a Multilayer adzakhala ndi njira zamkati
1) Single gulu ndondomeko otaya
Kudula ndi kung'anima
2) Njira yopopera matabwa amitundu iwiri
Kudula m'mphepete → kubowola → kukhuthala kwa mkuwa → zithunzi zosanjikiza zakunja → plating, kuchotsa malata → kubowola kachiwiri → kuyang'ana → chigoba chosindikizira chosindikizira → pulagi yagolide → kuyika mpweya wotentha → zilembo za silika → kukonza mawonekedwe → kuyesa → kuyesa
3) Njira yopaka golide yamitundu iwiri
Kudula m'mphepete kugaya → kubowola → kukhuthala kwa mkuwa → zithunzi zosanjikiza zakunja → kupaka faifi tambala, kuchotsa golide ndi kukokera → kubowola kwachiwiri → kuyang'ana → chigoba chosindikizira chosindikizira → zilembo zosindikizira pazenera → kukonza mawonekedwe → kuyesa → kuyang'anira
4) Mipikisano wosanjikiza bolodi malata kupopera ndondomeko otaya
Kudula ndi kupera → kubowola mabowo → zithunzi zosanjikiza zamkati → zotchingira zamkati → kuyang'ana → kuyanika → kuyanika → kubowola → kukhuthala kwa mkuwa wolemera → zithunzi zosanjikiza zakunja → plating, kuchotsa malata → kubowola kwachiwiri → kuyang'ana →chigoba cha silika -pulagi yopukutidwa → Kuwongolera mpweya wotentha → Zilembo za silika → Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe → Yesani → Kuyendera
5) Mayendedwe a faifi tambala ndi golide plating pa matabwa multilayer
Kudula ndi kupera → kubowola mabowo → zithunzi zosanjikiza zamkati → zotchingira zamkati → kuyang'ana → kuyanika → kuyanika → kubowola → kukhuthala kwa mkuwa wolemera → zojambula zakunja zosanjikiza → zokutira zagolide, kuchotsa filimu ndi kuyika → kubowola kwachiwiri → kuyang'ana → chigoba → chosindikizira chosindikizira zilembo zosindikiza pazenera → kukonza mawonekedwe → kuyesa → kuyang'ana
6) Njira yoyendetsera mbale yamitundu yambiri yomiza nickel golide
Kudula ndi kupera → kubowola mabowo → zojambula zamkati → zotchingira zamkati → kuyang'ana → kuyanika → kuyanika → kubowola → kukhuthala kwa mkuwa wolemera → zithunzi zosanjikiza zakunja → plating, kuchotsa malata → kubowola kwachiwiri Golide wa Nickel Womizidwa → Zilembo za skrini ya silika→Kukonza mawonekedwe→Kuyesa→Kuyendera
Kupanga kwamkati (kutengera zithunzi)
Mkati wosanjikiza: kudula bolodi, wosanjikiza wamkati pre-processing, laminating, kukhudzana, DES kugwirizana
Kudula (Bodi Dulani)
1) Kudula bolodi
Cholinga: Dulani zida zazikulu mu kukula komwe kufotokozedwera ndi MI molingana ndi zofunikira za dongosolo (dulani zinthu zapansi panthaka mpaka kukula kofunikira ndi ntchitoyo molingana ndi zokonzekera zomwe zidapangidwa kale)
Zida zazikulu zopangira: mbale yoyambira, tsamba la macheka
Gawo lapansi limapangidwa ndi pepala lamkuwa ndi laminate yotsekereza. Pali makulidwe osiyanasiyana malinga ndi zofunikira. Malinga ndi makulidwe amkuwa, amatha kugawidwa mu H/H, 1OZ/1OZ, 2OZ/2OZ, etc.
Kusamalitsa:
a. Kupewa zotsatira za bolodi m'mphepete barry pa khalidwe, pambuyo kudula, m'mphepete adzakhala opukutidwa ndi kuzungulira.
b. Poganizira zotsatira za kukulitsa ndi kuchepetsa, bolodi locheka limawotchedwa lisanatumizidwe ku ndondomekoyi
c. Kudula ayenera kulabadira mfundo ya kugwirizana makina malangizo
Kuzungulira / kuzungulira: kupukuta kwamakina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa ulusi wagalasi wosiyidwa ndi ngodya zolondola za mbali zinayi za bolodi panthawi yodula, kuti muchepetse zokopa / zokopa pa bolodi pakupanga kotsatira, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zobisika.
Chophika mbale: chotsani nthunzi wamadzi ndi zovunda za organic pophika, kumasula kupsinjika kwamkati, kulimbikitsa machitidwe olumikizana, ndikuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, kukhazikika kwamankhwala ndi mphamvu zamakina a mbale.
Zowongolera:
Mapepala zakuthupi: kukula kwa gulu, makulidwe, mtundu wa pepala, makulidwe amkuwa
Ntchito: nthawi yophika / kutentha, kutalika kwa stacking
(2) Kupanga wosanjikiza mkati pambuyo kudula bolodi
Ntchito ndi mfundo:
Chipinda chamkati chamkuwa chophwanyidwa ndi mbale yopera imawumitsidwa ndi mbale yopera, ndipo filimu yowuma IW itamangirizidwa, imayatsidwa ndi kuwala kwa UV (ultraviolet kuwala), ndipo filimu yowuma yowonekera imakhala yovuta. Sizingasungunuke mu alkali wofooka, koma ukhoza kusungunuka mu alkali wamphamvu. Gawo losawonekera likhoza kusungunuka mu alkali wofooka, ndipo dera lamkati ndilogwiritsa ntchito makhalidwe a zinthuzo kuti asamutse zojambulazo pamtunda wamkuwa, ndiko kuti, kutengerapo fano.
Tsatanetsatane
The photosensitive initiator mu kukaniza mu malo oonekera amatenga photons ndi kuwola kukhala free radicals. Ma radicals aulere amayambitsa njira yolumikizirana ya ma monomers kuti apange mawonekedwe amtundu wa macromolecular omwe sasungunuke mu dilute alkali. Imasungunuka mu alkali wosungunuka pambuyo pakuchita.
Gwiritsani ntchito ziwirizo kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zosungunuka m'njira yomweyo kusamutsa mawonekedwe opangidwa pa negative kupita ku gawo lapansi kuti mumalize kusamutsa chithunzi).
Njira yozungulira imafunikira kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi, nthawi zambiri imafunika kutentha kwa 22+/-3 ℃ ndi chinyezi cha 55+/-10% kuti filimuyo isapunduke. Fumbi mumlengalenga likufunika kuti likhale lalitali. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mizere kumawonjezeka ndipo mizereyo imakhala yaying'ono, fumbi limakhala locheperapo kapena lofanana ndi 10,000 kapena kuposa.
Mau oyamba:
Dry film: Dry film photoresist mwachidule ndi filimu yosungunuka yosungunuka ndi madzi. The makulidwe zambiri 1.2mil, 1.5mil ndi 2mil. Amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: filimu yoteteza poliyesitala, diaphragm ya polyethylene ndi filimu yojambula zithunzi. Udindo wa polyethylene diaphragm ndi kuteteza filimu yofewa yotchinga filimu kuti isamamatire pamwamba pa filimu yotetezera ya polyethylene panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kusungirako filimu yowuma. Kanema woteteza amatha kuletsa mpweya kulowa mu chotchinga chosanjikiza ndikuchita mwangozi ndi ma free radicals momwemo kuti apangitse photopolymerization. Filimu youma yomwe siinapangidwe polima imatsukidwa mosavuta ndi njira ya sodium carbonate.
Kanema wonyowa: Kanema wonyowa ndi filimu yamadzi yokhala ndi gawo limodzi, yomwe imapangidwa ndi utomoni wapamwamba kwambiri, sensitizer, pigment, filler ndi zosungunulira pang'ono. Kukhuthala kopanga ndi 10-15dpa.s, ndipo imakhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kukana kwa electroplating. , Njira zokutira filimu yonyowa zimaphatikizapo kusindikiza pazenera ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Chiyambi cha ndondomeko:
Dry film imaging njira, kupanga ndi motere:
Pre-mankhwala-lamination-exposure-development-etching-filimu kuchotsa
Pretreate
Cholinga: Chotsani zowononga pamtunda wamkuwa, monga grease oxide wosanjikiza ndi zonyansa zina, ndikuwonjezera roughness yamkuwa yamkuwa kuti muthandizire njira yotsatsira.
Main zopangira: gudumu burashi
Njira yokonzekeratu:
(1) Njira yophulitsira mchenga ndi kupera
(2) Njira yothandizira mankhwala
(3) Njira yopera pamakina
Mfundo yofunikira ya njira yochizira mankhwala: Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala monga SPS ndi zinthu zina za acidic kuti mulume pamtunda wamkuwa kuti muchotse zonyansa monga mafuta ndi ma oxide pamtunda wamkuwa.
Kuyeretsa mankhwala:
Gwiritsani ntchito njira zamchere kuti muchotse madontho amafuta, zisindikizo zala ndi zinyalala zina zamkuwa zamkuwa, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito njira ya asidi kuti muchotse wosanjikiza wa oxide ndi zokutira zoteteza pagawo loyambirira lamkuwa lomwe silingalepheretse mkuwa kukhala oxidized, ndipo pomaliza kuchita micro- etching mankhwala kupeza youma filimu Kwathunthu roughened pamwamba ndi katundu adhesion.
Zowongolera:
a. Liwiro lopera (2.5-3.2mm/min)
b. Valani chipsera m'lifupi (500 # burashi singano kuvala chipsera m'lifupi: 8-14mm, 800 # sanali nsalu nsalu kuvala chipsera m'lifupi: 8-16mm), madzi mphero mayeso, kuyanika kutentha (80-90 ℃)
Lamination
Cholinga: Mangani filimu yowuma yolimbana ndi dzimbiri pamwamba pa mkuwa wa gawo lapansi lokonzedwa mwa kukanikiza kotentha.
Main zopangira: youma filimu, njira kulingalira mtundu, theka-amadzimadzi kulingalira mtundu, madzi sungunuka youma filimu makamaka wapangidwa ndi organic asidi ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira, amene amachita ndi amphamvu zamchere kuti zikhale organic asidi ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira. Sungunulani.
Mfundo: Pereka filimu yowuma (filimu): choyamba chotsani filimu yotetezera ya polyethylene kuchokera ku filimu yowuma, ndiyeno muiike filimu yowuma kukana pa bolodi lamkuwa pansi pa kutentha ndi kupanikizika, kukana mufilimu yowuma Kusanjikiza kumachepetsedwa. kutentha ndi fluidity ake kumawonjezeka. Firimuyi imatsirizidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa wodzigudubuza wotentha ndi ntchito ya zomatira mu kukana.
Zinthu zitatu za filimu yowuma ya reel: kuthamanga, kutentha, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono
Zowongolera:
a. Kuthamanga kwa kujambula (1.5+/-0.5m/min), kuthamanga kwa kujambula (5+/-1kg/cm2), kutentha kwa kujambula (110+/——10 ℃), kutentha kotuluka (40-60 ℃)
b. Kupaka filimu yonyowa: kukhuthala kwa inki, kuthamanga kwa zokutira, makulidwe a zokutira, nthawi yophika kale / kutentha (mphindi 5-10 mbali yoyamba, mphindi 10-20 mbali yachiwiri)
Kukhudzika
Cholinga: Gwiritsani ntchito gwero lounikira kusamutsa chithunzi cha filimu yoyambirira kupita kugawo la photosensitive.
Zida zazikulu zopangira: Kanema yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa filimuyo ndi filimu yoyipa, ndiko kuti, gawo loyera lopatsira kuwala limapangidwa ndi polymer, ndipo gawo lakuda ndi lowoneka bwino ndipo silichitapo kanthu. Firimu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulo zakunja ndi filimu yabwino, yomwe ili yosiyana ndi filimu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa mkati.
Mfundo yowonetsera filimu yowuma: Choyambitsa chithunzithunzi chokaniza pamalo owonekera chimatenga ma photon ndikuwola kukhala ma radicals aulere. Ma radicals aulere amayambitsa kuphatikizika kwa ma monomers kuti apange mawonekedwe olumikizana ndi ma macromolecular osasungunuka mu alkali.
Malo owongolera: kuwongolera bwino, mphamvu zowonetsera, wolamulira wowunikira (filimu yophimba giredi 6-8), nthawi yokhalamo.
Kukulitsa
Cholinga: Gwiritsani ntchito sopo kutsuka mbali ya filimu yowuma yomwe sinakumanepo ndi mankhwala.
Main zopangira: Na2CO3
The youma filimu kuti sanakumanepo polymerization watsukidwa kutali, ndi youma filimu kuti wadutsa polymerization ndi anakhalabe pamwamba pa bolodi monga kukana chitetezo wosanjikiza pa etching.
Mfundo yachitukuko: Magulu omwe akugwira ntchito mu gawo losaonekera la filimu yowonetsera zithunzi amachitapo kanthu ndi njira yowonongeka ya alkali kuti apange zinthu zosungunuka ndi kusungunula, potero amasungunula gawo losawonekera, pamene filimu yowuma ya gawo lowonekera silimasungunuka.