Zanenedwa kuti padziko lapansi pali mitundu iwiri yokha ya akatswiri opanga zamagetsi: omwe adakumanapo ndi vuto lamagetsi ndi omwe sanakumanepo. Ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency a PCB, kapangidwe ka EMC ndi vuto lomwe tiyenera kuliganizira

1. Zinthu zisanu zofunika kuziganizira pakuwunika kwa EMC

Poyang'anizana ndi mapangidwe, pali zinthu zisanu zofunika kuziganizira poyesa kusanthula kwa EMC kwa chinthu ndi kapangidwe:

1). Kukula kwa chipangizo chofunikira:

Miyeso yakuthupi ya chipangizo chotulutsa chomwe chimatulutsa ma radiation. Ma radio frequency (RF) apano apanga gawo la electromagnetic, lomwe lidzadumphira mnyumba ndi kunja kwa nyumbayo. Kutalika kwa chingwe pa PCB monga njira yotumizira imakhudza mwachindunji RF panopa.

2). Kugwirizana kwa impedance

Magwero ndi olandila impedances, ndi zosokoneza zopatsirana pakati pawo.

3). Makhalidwe amnthawi ya zizindikiro zosokoneza

Kodi vuto ndi chochitika chosalekeza (chizindikiro chanthawi), kapena ndi kachitidwe kake (mwachitsanzo, chochitika chimodzi chikhoza kukhala kugunda kwa kiyibodi kapena kusokoneza mphamvu, kugwira ntchito kwapa disk drive, kapena kuphulika kwa netiweki)

4). Mphamvu ya chizindikiro chosokoneza

Momwe mphamvu ya gwero la gwero ilili yolimba, komanso kuthekera kwake kopanga zosokoneza zovulaza

5).Mawonekedwe a pafupipafupi azizindikiro zosokoneza

Pogwiritsa ntchito spectrum analyzer kuti muwone momwe mafunde amawonekera, onani komwe vuto limapezeka mu sipekitiramu, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupeza vuto.

Kuphatikiza apo, zizolowezi zina zamapangidwe ochepera pafupipafupi zimafunikira chisamaliro. Mwachitsanzo, ochiritsira single-point maziko ndi oyenera kwambiri otsika pafupipafupi ntchito, koma si koyenera RF siginecha kumene pali zambiri EMI mavuto.

Akukhulupirira kuti mainjiniya ena adzagwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi pamapangidwe onse osazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikitsira iyi kungayambitse zovuta zambiri kapena zovuta za EMC.

Tiyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe kameneka kameneka mu zigawo za dera. Kuchokera ku chidziwitso cha dera, tikudziwa kuti magetsi akuyenda kuchokera kumagetsi apamwamba kupita kumagetsi otsika, ndipo panopa nthawi zonse amadutsa njira imodzi kapena zingapo mumayendedwe otsekedwa, kotero pali lamulo lofunika kwambiri: kupanga chipika chochepa.

Kwa mayendedwe omwe kusokoneza kwapano kumayezedwa, waya wa PCB amasinthidwa kuti zisakhudze katundu kapena dera lovuta. Mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira njira yopingasa kwambiri kuchokera pamagetsi kupita ku katunduyo ayenera kuganizira njira zonse zomwe zingatheke zomwe kubweza kungayendere.

Tiyeneranso kulabadira PCB mawaya. Kutsekereza kwa waya kapena njira kumakhala ndi kukana R ndikuchitapo kanthu. Pama frequency apamwamba, pali impedance koma palibe capacitive reactance. Pamene mawaya mafupipafupi ali pamwamba pa 100kHz, waya kapena waya amakhala chowongolera. Mawaya kapena mawaya omwe ali pamwamba pa mawu amatha kukhala tinyanga ta RF.

M'mafotokozedwe a EMC, mawaya kapena mawaya saloledwa kugwira ntchito pansi pa λ/20 pa frequency inayake (mlongoti wapangidwa kuti ukhale λ/4 kapena λ/2 wa ma frequency enaake). Ngati sichinapangidwe mwanjira imeneyi, mawayawa amakhala mlongoti wogwira mtima kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pambuyo pake kuthetsedwe kukhala kovutirapo.

2.Chithunzi cha PCB

Choyamba: Ganizirani kukula kwa PCB. Pamene kukula kwa PCB kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, mphamvu yotsutsa kusokoneza dongosolo imachepa ndipo mtengo umawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa waya, pamene kukula kwake kuli kochepa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa vuto la kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kusokonezana.

Chachiwiri: dziwani malo omwe ali ndi zigawo zapadera (monga zinthu za wotchi) (wiring ya wotchi ndi yabwino kuti isayalidwe pansi ndipo musayende mozungulira mizere yofunikira, kuti musasokonezedwe).

Chachitatu: malinga ndi ntchito yozungulira, mawonekedwe onse a PCB. M'makonzedwe a chigawocho, zigawo zogwirizana ziyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri, kuti zipeze zotsatira zabwino zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza.