Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani pamakampani othamanga kwambiri a PCB?
Choyamba, popanga ndi kupanga milu ya PCB, zinthu zakuthupi ziyenera kukhala patsogolo. Ma PCB a 5G ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse ponyamula ndi kulandira mauthenga otumizira, kupereka maulumikizidwe amagetsi, ndi kupereka ulamuliro pa ntchito zinazake. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta za mapangidwe a PCB ziyenera kuthetsedwa, monga kusunga kukhulupirika kwa ma siginecha pa liwiro lapamwamba, kasamalidwe ka matenthedwe, komanso momwe mungapewere kusokoneza kwamagetsi (EMI) pakati pa data ndi ma board.

Mawonekedwe a board board osakanikirana amalandila
Masiku ano, machitidwe ambiri akugwira ntchito ndi 4G ndi 3G PCBs. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lotumizira ndikulandila ma frequency ndi 600 MHz mpaka 5.925 GHz, ndipo njira ya bandwidth ndi 20 MHz, kapena 200 kHz pamakina a IoT. Mukamapanga ma PCB a makina a 5G network, zigawozi zimafuna ma millimeter wave frequency a 28 GHz, 30 GHz kapena 77 GHz, kutengera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Kwa mayendedwe a bandwidth, machitidwe a 5G adzakonza 100MHz pansi pa 6GHz ndi 400MHz pamwamba pa 6GHz.

Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kumeneku ndi maulendo apamwamba kudzafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera mu PCB kuti zigwire nthawi imodzi ndikutumiza zizindikiro zotsika ndi zapamwamba popanda kutaya chizindikiro ndi EMI. Vuto lina ndi loti zipangizo zimakhala zopepuka, zosavuta kunyamula, ndi zazing'ono. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu, kukula ndi zovuta za malo, zipangizo za PCB ziyenera kukhala zosinthika komanso zopepuka kuti zigwirizane ndi zipangizo zonse za microelectronic pa bolodi la dera.

Pazotsatira zamkuwa za PCB, zowonda zocheperako komanso kuwongolera kolimba koyimitsa kuyenera kutsatiridwa. Njira yachikhalidwe yochepetsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma PCB othamanga kwambiri a 3G ndi 4G imatha kusinthidwa kukhala njira yosinthidwa ya semi-additive. Njira zowonjezera izi zowongoka zidzapereka njira zolondola komanso makoma owongoka.

Maziko azinthu akukonzedwanso. Makampani osindikizira a board akuphunzira zinthu zokhala ndi dielectric zokhazikika mpaka 3, chifukwa zida zokhazikika zama PCB otsika kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala 3.5 mpaka 5.5. Chingwe cholimba chagalasi, kutayika kwa zinthu zotsika komanso mkuwa wocheperako kudzakhalanso kusankha kwa PCB yothamanga kwambiri pamasinthidwe a digito, potero kupewa kutayika kwa ma siginecha ndikuwongolera kukhulupirika kwa ma sign.

EMI chitetezo vuto
EMI, crosstalk ndi parasitic capacitance ndiye mavuto akulu a board board. Kuti muthane ndi crosstalk ndi EMI chifukwa cha ma analogi ndi ma digito pa bolodi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisiyanitse zotsatizanazo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa matabwa a multilayer kudzapereka kusinthasintha kwabwinoko kuti mudziwe momwe mungayikitsire maulendo othamanga kwambiri kuti njira za ma analogi ndi zizindikiro zobwereranso digito zikhale kutali ndi wina ndi mzake, ndikusunga mabwalo a AC ndi DC. Kuonjezera chitetezo ndi kusefa poyika zigawo ziyeneranso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa EMI yachilengedwe pa PCB.

Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe cholakwika ndi mabwalo afupiafupi kapena mabwalo otseguka pamtunda wamkuwa, makina otsogola owoneka bwino (AIO) okhala ndi ntchito zapamwamba komanso 2D metrology adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana ma kondakitala ndikuyesa. Ukadaulo uwu uthandiza opanga ma PCB kuyang'ana zoopsa zomwe zingawonongeke.

Mavuto oyang'anira kutentha
Kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa siginecha kumapangitsa kuti pakali pano kudzera pa PCB apange kutentha kwambiri. Zida za PCB za zida za dielectric ndi zigawo zapakati pa gawo lapansi zidzafunika kuthana mokwanira ndi liwiro lalitali lofunikira ndiukadaulo wa 5G. Ngati zinthuzo sizikukwanira, zimatha kuyambitsa mikwingwirima ya mkuwa, kusenda, kufota ndi kupindika, chifukwa mavutowa apangitsa PCB kufowoka.

Pofuna kuthana ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kumeneku, opanga adzafunika kuganizira za kusankha kwa zipangizo zomwe zimayendera matenthedwe a kutentha ndi nkhani za coefficient. Zida zokhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri, kutentha kwabwino kwambiri, komanso kusasinthasintha kwa dielectric ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga PCB yabwino kuti ipereke mawonekedwe onse a 5G ofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.