Pakupanga kwa PCB, njira yochizira pamwamba ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Izo osati zimakhudza maonekedwe a PCB, komanso mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi magwiridwe, kudalirika ndi durability wa PCB. Njira yochizira pamwamba imatha kupereka chitetezo chokwanira kuti chiteteze dzimbiri mkuwa, kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a soldering, komanso kupereka zinthu zabwino zotchinjiriza magetsi. Zotsatirazi ndikuwunika njira zingapo zochizira pamtunda pakupanga kwa PCB.
一.HASL (Hot Air Smoothing)
Hot air planarization (HASL) ndi njira yaukadaulo yaukadaulo ya PCB yomwe imagwira ntchito poviika PCB mu chitsulo chosungunula cha malata / lead ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha "kupanga" pamwamba kuti apange zokutira zitsulo zofananira. Ndondomeko ya HASL ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yoyenera kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya PCB, koma ikhoza kukhala ndi mavuto ndi mapepala osagwirizana ndi makulidwe azitsulo osagwirizana.
二.ENIG (chemical nickel gold)
Electroless nickel gold (ENIG) ndi njira yomwe imayika faifi tambala ndi golide wosanjikiza pamwamba pa PCB. Choyamba, mkuwa umatsukidwa ndikutsegulidwa, kenaka chitsulo chochepa kwambiri cha nickel chimayikidwa kudzera muzitsulo zosinthika, ndipo pamapeto pake golide wonyezimira amakutidwa pamwamba pa nickel wosanjikiza. Njira ya ENIG imapereka kukana kolumikizana bwino komanso kukana kuvala ndipo ndiyoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi zofunika kudalirika kwambiri, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera.
三, mankhwala golide
Chemical Gold imayika golide wochepa thupi mwachindunji pa PCB pamwamba. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamapulogalamu omwe safuna kutenthetsa, monga ma frequency a radio (RF) ndi ma microwave, chifukwa golide amapereka ma conductivity abwino kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri. Golide wamankhwala amawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa ENIG, koma samamva kuvala ngati ENIG.
四, OSP (filimu yoteteza zachilengedwe)
Organic protective film (OSP) ndi njira yomwe imapanga filimu yopyapyala pamtunda wamkuwa kuti muteteze mkuwa ku oxidizing. OSP ili ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo, koma chitetezo chomwe chimapereka ndi chofooka ndipo ndi choyenera kusungidwa kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma PCB.
五、 Golide wolimba
Golide Wolimba ndi njira yomwe imayika golide wokulirapo pa PCB pamwamba kudzera pa electroplating. Golide wolimba ndi wosamva kuvala kuposa golide wa mankhwala ndipo ndi oyenera zolumikizira zomwe zimafuna plugging pafupipafupi kapena ma PCB omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Golide wolimba amawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa golide wamankhwala koma amapereka chitetezo chanthawi yayitali.
六, Kumiza Siliva
Immersion Silver ndi njira yoyika siliva pamwamba pa PCB. Silver ili ndi ma conductivity abwino komanso kuwunikira, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zowoneka ndi infrared. Mtengo wa ndondomeko ya siliva yomiza ndi yochepetsetsa, koma siliva wosanjikiza umawonongeka mosavuta ndipo umafuna njira zowonjezera zotetezera.
七、 Kumiza Tin
Kumiza Tin ndi njira yoyika malata pamwamba pa PCB. Chosanjikiza cha malata chimapereka zinthu zabwino zogulitsira komanso kukana dzimbiri. Kumizidwa kwa malata ndikotsika mtengo, koma wosanjikiza wa malatawo amakhala oxidized mosavuta ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna wosanjikiza wowonjezera woteteza.
八, HASL Yopanda Kutsogola
HASL Yopanda Lead ndi njira ya HASL yogwirizana ndi RoHS yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito malata / siliva / mkuwa wopanda chitsulo m'malo mwa aloyi wamba wa malata / lead. Njira ya HASL yopanda kutsogolera imapereka magwiridwe antchito ofanana ndi HASL yachikhalidwe koma imakwaniritsa zofunikira zachilengedwe.
Pali njira zingapo zochizira pamwamba pakupanga kwa PCB, ndipo njira iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake zapadera komanso mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Kusankha njira yoyenera yochizira kumafuna kuganizira za malo ogwiritsira ntchito, zofunikira zogwirira ntchito, bajeti yamtengo wapatali komanso miyezo yoteteza chilengedwe ya PCB. Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wamagetsi, njira zatsopano zochizira pamwamba zikupitilizabe, kupatsa opanga PCB zosankha zambiri kuti akwaniritse zofuna za msika.