Monga mainjiniya, taganizira njira zonse zomwe dongosololi lingalepheretse, ndipo likalephera, ndife okonzeka kukonza. Kupewa zolakwika ndikofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwe a PCB. Kusintha bwalo la dera lomwe lawonongeka m'munda kungakhale kokwera mtengo, ndipo kusakhutira kwamakasitomala nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera mtengo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chofunikira kukumbukira zifukwa zazikulu zitatu za kuwonongeka kwa PCB pakupanga mapangidwe: zolakwika za kupanga, zochitika zachilengedwe ndi mapangidwe osakwanira. Ngakhale zina mwazinthuzi zitha kukhala zosalamulirika, zinthu zambiri zimatha kuchepetsedwa panthawi yopanga. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kukonzekera zochitika zoyipa panthawi yopanga mapangidwe kungathandize gulu lanu kuti lichite zambiri.

01 Kuwonongeka kwa kupanga

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zodziwika za kuwonongeka kwa board ya PCB ndi chifukwa cha zolakwika zopanga. Zowonongeka izi zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza, komanso zovuta kwambiri kuzikonza zitadziwika. Ngakhale zina zitha kupangidwa, zina ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi wopanga mgwirizano (CM).

02 chilengedwe

Chifukwa china chofala cha kulephera kwa mapangidwe a PCB ndi malo ogwirira ntchito. Choncho, ndikofunika kwambiri kupanga bolodi la dera ndi mlanduwo malinga ndi malo omwe idzagwire ntchito.

Kutentha: Ma board ozungulira amatulutsa kutentha ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutentha akamagwira ntchito. Ganizirani ngati mapangidwe a PCB azizungulira mpanda wake, kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa ndi kutentha kunja, kapena kuyamwa kutentha kuchokera kumadera ena apafupi. Kusintha kwa kutentha kungathenso kusokoneza malo osungiramo katundu, zinthu zoyambira komanso ngakhale nyumba. Ngati dera lanu limakhala lotentha kwambiri, mungafunikire kuphunzira kudzera m'mabowo, omwe nthawi zambiri amatentha kwambiri kuposa SMT.

Fumbi: Fumbi ndi vuto la zinthu zamagetsi. Onetsetsani kuti mlandu wanu uli ndi ma IP olondola komanso/kapena sankhani zigawo zomwe zitha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwafumbi komwe kumayembekezeredwa komanso/kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira zofananira.

Chinyezi: Chinyezi chimawopseza kwambiri zida zamagetsi. Ngati mapangidwe a PCB akugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo onyowa kwambiri momwe kutentha kumasintha mofulumira, chinyezi chidzasungunuka kuchokera mumlengalenga kupita kudera. Choncho, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti njira zotetezera chinyezi zikuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lonse la bolodi la dera komanso musanayike.

Kugwedezeka kwathupi: Pali chifukwa chotsatsa malonda amagetsi olimba omwe anthu amawaponya pamiyala kapena pansi pa konkire. Nthawi yogwira ntchito, zida zambiri zimatha kugwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka. Muyenera kusankha makabati, matabwa ozungulira ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu pogwiritsa ntchito makina kuti athetse vutoli.

03 Mapangidwe osakhazikika

Chomaliza cha kuwonongeka kwa board ya PCB panthawi yogwira ntchito ndikofunikira kwambiri: kapangidwe. Ngati cholinga cha injiniya sichikukwaniritsa zolinga zake; kuphatikizapo kudalirika ndi moyo wautali, izi sizikutheka. Ngati mukufuna kuti gulu lanu lozungulira likhale nthawi yayitali, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha zigawo ndi zipangizo, ikani bolodi la dera, ndikutsimikizirani mapangidwewo malinga ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.

Kusankhidwa kwamagulu: Pakapita nthawi, zigawo zidzalephera kapena kuyimitsa kupanga; komabe, ndizosavomerezeka kuti kulepheraku kuchitike moyo woyembekezeredwa wa bolodi usanathe. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwanu kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za chilengedwe chake ndikukhala ndi gawo lokwanira la moyo panthawi yomwe akuyembekezeredwa kupanga gulu lozungulira.

Kusankha kwazinthu: Monga momwe magwiridwe antchito amalephera pakapita nthawi, momwemonso magwiridwe antchito a zida. Kuwonetsedwa ndi kutentha, kuyendetsa njinga zotentha, kuwala kwa ultraviolet, komanso kupsinjika kwamakina kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa board board ndikulephera msanga. Choncho, muyenera kusankha zipangizo bolodi dera ndi zotsatira zabwino kusindikiza malinga ndi mtundu wa bolodi dera. Izi zikutanthawuza kulingalira za zinthu zakuthupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za inert zomwe ziri zoyenera kupanga kwanu.

Mapangidwe a PCB: Mapangidwe osadziwika a PCB atha kukhalanso gwero la kulephera kwa board board panthawi yogwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zovuta zapadera zosaphatikizapo matabwa apamwamba; monga high-voltage arc tracking rate, ikhoza kuwononga bolodi ndi dongosolo, komanso kuvulaza antchito.

Kutsimikizira kwapangidwe: Ichi chikhoza kukhala sitepe yofunika kwambiri popanga dera lodalirika. Chitani macheke a DFM ndi CM yanu yeniyeni. Ma CM ena amatha kukhala olekerera kwambiri ndikugwira ntchito ndi zida zapadera, pomwe ena sangathe. Musanayambe kupanga, onetsetsani kuti CM ikhoza kupanga gulu lanu lozungulira momwe mukufunira, zomwe zidzatsimikizire kuti mapangidwe apamwamba a PCB A sadzalephera.

Ndizosasangalatsa kulingalira zovuta kwambiri za mapangidwe a PCB. Podziwa kuti mwapanga bolodi lodalirika, silingalephere pamene bolodi imatumizidwa kwa kasitomala. Kumbukirani zifukwa zazikulu zitatu za kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe a PCB kuti mutha kupeza bwino gulu lozungulira lokhazikika komanso lodalirika. Onetsetsani kuti mwakonzekera zolepheretsa kupanga ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kuyambira pachiyambi, ndipo yang'anani pa zosankha zamapangidwe amilandu inayake.