Anyị na-ejikarị oscillator kristal tụnyere obi nke sekit dijitalụ, n'ihi na ọrụ niile nke sekit dijitalụ enweghị ike ịdị iche na mgbama elekere, na oscillator kristal na-achịkwa sistemụ niile ozugbo. Ọ bụrụ na oscillator kristal anaghị arụ ọrụ, sistemụ ahụ dum ga-akpọnwụ, yabụ oscillator kristal bụ ihe dị mkpa maka sekit dijitalụ ịmalite ịrụ ọrụ.
The crystal oscillator, dị ka anyị na-ekwukarị, bụ quartz crystal oscillator na quartz crystal resonator. A na-eme ha abụọ site na piezoelectric mmetụta nke kristal quartz. Itinye ọkụ eletrik na electrodes abụọ nke kristal quartz na-akpata nrụrụ arụrụ arụ nke kristal, ebe itinye nrụgide n'ọrụ n'akụkụ abụọ na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik na-eme na kristal. Na ihe omume abụọ a na-agbanwe agbanwe. N'iji akụrụngwa a, a na-etinye voltaji ndị ọzọ n'akụkụ abụọ nke kristal na wafer na-ama jijiji n'ụzọ igwe, yana ịmepụta mpaghara eletrik ọzọ. Ụdị ịma jijiji na ọkụ eletrik na-adịkarị ntakịrị, ma n'oge ụfọdụ, njupụta ga-abawanye nke ọma, nke bụ piezoelectric resonance, dị ka LC loop resonance anyị na-ahụkarị.
Dị ka obi nke sekit dijitalụ, kedu ka oscillator kristal si arụ ọrụ na ngwaahịa smart? Smart home dị ka ntụ oyi, ákwà mgbochi, nchekwa, nlekota na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ, niile chọrọ ikuku nnyefe modul, ha site na Bluetooth, WIFI ma ọ bụ ZIGBEE protocol, modul si n'otu nsọtụ na nsọtụ ọzọ, ma ọ bụ ozugbo site na ekwentị mkpanaaka akara, na modul ikuku bụ akụkụ bụ isi, na-emetụta nkwụsi ike nke usoro dum, yabụ họrọ usoro iji oscillator kristal. Na-ekpebi ihe ịga nke ọma ma ọ bụ ọdịda nke sekit dijitalụ.
N'ihi mkpa oscillator kristal dị na sekit dijitalụ, anyị kwesịrị ịkpachara anya mgbe ị na-eji na imepụta:
1. Enwere kristal quartz na oscillator kristal, nke dị mfe ime ka mgbaji kristal quartz na mmebi mgbe ọ na-emetụta ma ọ bụ daa n'èzí, mgbe ahụ, oscillator kristal enweghị ike ịma jijiji. Ya mere, a ga-atụle ntinye a pụrụ ịdabere na ya nke oscillator kristal na nhazi nke sekit, na ọnọdụ ya ekwesịghị ịdị nso na nsọtụ efere na shei akụrụngwa dị ka o kwere mee.
2. Lezienụ anya na okpomọkụ ịgbado ọkụ mgbe ị na-eji aka ma ọ bụ igwe na-agbado. Crystal vibration na-enwe mmetụta maka okpomọkụ, ikpo ọkụ ọkụ ekwesịghị ịdị elu, na oge ikpo ọkụ kwesịrị ịdị mkpụmkpụ dị ka o kwere mee.
Nhazi oscillator kristal nwere ezi uche nwere ike igbochi nnyonye anya radieshon sistemụ.
1. Nkọwa nsogbu
Ngwaahịa a bụ igwefoto ubi, nke nwere akụkụ ise n'ime: isi njikwa, bọọdụ sensọ, igwefoto, kaadị ebe nchekwa SD na batrị. Shei ahụ bụ shei rọba, obere bọọdụ ahụ nwere naanị oghere abụọ: DC5V ike mpụga ike na interface USB maka nnyefe data. Mgbe nyocha nke radieshon gasịrị, a chọpụtara na enwere ihe dịka 33MHz nsogbu mkpọtụ ụda radieshon.
Data ule izizi bụ ndị a:
2. Nyochaa nsogbu ahụ
Nke a ngwaahịa Shei Ọdịdị plastic shei, na-abụghị Shield ihe, dum ule naanị ike eriri na USB cable si shei, ọ bụ nnyonye anya ugboro ugboro na-radiated site na eriri ike na USB cable? Ya mere, a na-eme usoro ndị a iji nwalee:
(1) Tinye mgbanaka magnetik naanị na eriri ike, nsonaazụ nnwale: mmelite ahụ apụtaghị ìhè;
(2) Naanị tinye mgbanaka magnetik na eriri USB, nsonaazụ nnwale: mmelite ka edobeghị anya;
(3) Tinye mgbanaka magnetik na ma eriri USB na eriri ọkụ, nsonaazụ nnwale: mmelite ahụ doro anya, ọnụọgụ nnyonye anya n'ozuzu belatara.
Enwere ike ịhụ site na nke dị n'elu na a na-ebute isi ihe nkwụsịtụ site na oghere abụọ ahụ, nke na-abụghị nsogbu nke ike interface ma ọ bụ USB interface, ma n'ime nnyonye anya ugboro ugboro tinyere abụọ interfaces. Ichekwa naanị otu interface enweghị ike idozi nsogbu ahụ.
Site na nha dị nso, a na-achọpụta na oscillator 32.768KHz kristal sitere na bọọdụ njikwa isi na-emepụta radieshon mbara ala siri ike, nke na-eme ka eriri ndị gbara ya gburugburu na GND jikọtara mkpọtụ 32.768KHz, nke jikọtara ya na radiated site na eriri USB interface. eriri ike. Nsogbu kristal oscillator na-akpata bụ nsogbu abụọ ndị a:
(1) Igwe egwu kristal dị nso na nsọtụ efere ahụ, nke dị mfe iduga mkpọtụ radieshon kristal vibration.
(2) Enwere ahịrị mgbama n'okpuru oscillator kristal, nke dị mfe iduga mkpọtụ nkwekọ nke eriri akara njikọ kristal oscillator.
(3) A na-etinye ihe nzacha n'okpuru oscillator kristal, na capacitor nzacha na nguzogide dakọtara na-edozighị dịka ntụziaka mgbaàmà si dị, nke na-eme ka nzacha nzacha nke ihe nzacha dị njọ.
3, ngwọta
Dịka nyocha ahụ si kwuo, a na-enweta ihe mgbochi ndị a:
(1) A na-edobe ikike nzacha na nguzogide kristal dị nso na mgbawa CPU pụọ na nsọtụ osisi ahụ;
(2) Cheta ka ị ghara ịtọgbọ ala n'ebe a na-etinye kristal na ebe ntule dị n'okpuru;
(3) A na-ahazi ikike nzacha na nguzogide kristal dị ka ntụziaka mgbaàmà, ma tinye ya nke ọma na kọmpat n'akụkụ kristal;
(4) A na-etinye kristal n'akụkụ mgbawa ahụ, na ahịrị dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ na ogologo dị ka o kwere mee.
4. Nkwubi okwu
N'oge a ọtụtụ usoro kristal oscillator elekere ugboro dị elu, nnyonye anya harmonic ume siri ike; A na-ebunye nkwekọ nnyonye anya ọ bụghị naanị site na ahịrị ntinye na ntinye, kamakwa site na oghere. Ọ bụrụ na nhazi ahụ abụghị ihe ezi uche dị na ya, ọ dị mfe ime ka nsogbu radieshon siri ike mee ka ọ dị ike, ọ na-esikwa ike iji ụzọ ndị ọzọ dozie ya. Ya mere, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa maka nhazi nke oscillator kristal na akara akara CLK na nhazi osisi PCB.
Mara na PCB imewe nke oscillator kristal
(1) Capacitor njikọ kwesịrị ịdị nso na ntụtụ ọkụ nke oscillator kristal dị ka o kwere mee. Ekwesịrị idobe ọnọdụ ahụ n'usoro: dịka ntụziaka ntinye ike na-enye ike si dị, a ga-etinye capacitor nwere ikike dị ntakịrị site na nke kachasị na nke kacha nta.
(2) A ga-agbanyerịrị shei nke oscillator kristal, nke nwere ike ịgbanye oscillator kristal n'èzí, ma nwee ike chebe nnyonye anya nke mgbama mpụga na oscillator kristal.
(3) Ejila waya n'okpuru oscillator kristal iji hụ na kpuchiri ala ahụ kpamkpam. N'otu oge ahụ, etinyela waya n'ime 300mil nke oscillator kristal, ka ọ ghara igbochi oscillator kristal ka ọ ghara itinye aka na arụmọrụ nke wiwi, ngwaọrụ na akwa ndị ọzọ.
(4) Ahịrị nke mgbaàmà elekere kwesịrị ịdị mkpụmkpụ dị ka o kwere mee, eriri kwesịrị ịdị obosara, yana nguzozi kwesịrị ịchọta n'ogologo wiring ma pụọ na isi iyi ọkụ.
(5) E kwesịghị itinye oscillator kristal na nsọtụ osisi PCB, karịsịa na nhazi nke kaadị osisi.
