Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim PCB, kev faib ntawm lub dav hlau fais fab lossis kev faib ntawm lub dav hlau hauv av yuav ua rau lub dav hlau tsis tiav. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, thaum lub teeb liab raug xa mus, nws lub dav hlau siv yuav dhau los ntawm ib lub dav hlau fais fab mus rau lwm lub dav hlau fais fab. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua signal span division.

Schematic daim duab ntawm cross-segmentation phenomena
 
Hla segmentation, rau cov teeb liab ceev ceev yuav tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev kub ceev digital teeb liab system, lub teeb liab ceev yuav siv lub dav hlau siv raws li txoj kev rov qab los, uas yog, txoj kev rov qab los. Thaum lub dav hlau siv tsis tiav, cov teebmeem hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim: cross-segmentation yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau cov teeb liab qis, tab sis nyob rau hauv high-speed digital signal systems, high-speed signals siv lub dav hlau siv raws li txoj kev rov qab, uas. yog, txoj kev rov qab los. Thaum lub dav hlau siv tsis tiav, cov teebmeem hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:
l Impedance discontinuity ua rau cov hlau khiav;
l Yooj yim ua rau crosstalk ntawm cov teeb liab;
l Nws ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb liab;
l Cov zis waveform yog ib qho yooj yim rau oscillate los ntawm nce lub voj cheeb tsam ntawm tam sim no thiab lub inductance ntawm lub voj.
l Cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw yog nce thiab cov hlau nplaum hauv qhov chaw tau yooj yim cuam tshuam.
l Ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib txuas nrog lwm cov circuits ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm;
l Lub siab zaus voltage poob ntawm lub voj inductor tsim cov hom hluav taws xob sib txawv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraud.
 
Yog li, PCB thaiv yuav tsum nyob ze ntawm lub dav hlau li sai tau, thiab tsis txhob sib faib. Yog tias tsim nyog hla kev faib lossis tsis tuaj yeem nyob ze ntawm lub dav hlau fais fab hauv av, cov xwm txheej no tsuas yog tso cai rau hauv cov kab hluav taws xob qis.
 
Txheej txheem hla partitions hauv kev tsim
Yog tias kev sib faib sib faib yog yam tsis muaj nyob hauv PCB tsim, yuav ua li cas nrog nws? Hauv qhov no, segmentation yuav tsum tau kho kom muab txoj hauv kev luv luv rau lub teeb liab. Cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm feem ntau suav nrog ntxiv cov kev kho capacitor thiab hla tus choj hlau.
l Stiching Capacitor
Ib qho 0402 lossis 0603 ceramic capacitor nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 0.01uF lossis 0.1uF feem ntau muab tso rau ntawm lub teeb liab hla ntu. Yog tias qhov chaw tso cai, ob peb ntxiv cov capacitors tuaj yeem ntxiv.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sim xyuas kom meej tias lub teeb liab xaim nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 200mil sewing capacitance, thiab qhov me me ntawm qhov deb, qhov zoo dua; Cov tes hauj lwm ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub capacitor feem cuam tshuam rau cov tes hauj lwm ntawm lub dav hlau siv los ntawm cov teeb liab dhau. Saib cov kev sib txuas ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub capacitor hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Ob lub network sib txawv tau pom hauv ob xim yog:

lChoj hla hlau
Nws yog ib qho ua rau "cov txheej txheem hauv av" cov teeb liab hla kev faib tawm hauv cov teeb liab txheej, thiab tej zaum kuj yog lwm cov kab teeb liab network, "hauv av" kab kom tuab li ntau tau

Kev kub ceev teeb liab thaiv kev txawj ntse
a)multilayer kev sib txuas
Kev kub ceev teeb liab routing Circuit Court feem ntau muaj kev sib koom ua ke siab, kev sib txuas siab ceev, kev siv lub rooj tsav xwm multilayer tsis yog tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev xaim, tab sis kuj yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo los txo kev cuam tshuam.
 
Tsim nyog xaiv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tuaj yeem txo qhov loj ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm luam ntawv, tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov txheej txheem nruab nrab los teeb cov ntaub thaiv npog, tuaj yeem paub zoo dua cov av nyob ze, tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob parasitic inductance, tuaj yeem txo qhov kev sib kis ntev ntawm cov teeb liab. , tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb liab, thiab lwm yam.
b)Qhov tsawg dua cov hlau lead, qhov zoo dua
Qhov tsawg dua txhuas bending ntawm pins ntawm high-speed circuit devices, qhov zoo dua.
Cov hlau lead ntawm cov teeb liab ceev ceev routing circuit txais tag nrho cov kab ncaj nraim thiab xav tau tig, uas tuaj yeem siv ua 45 ° polyline lossis arc tig. Qhov kev xav tau no tsuas yog siv los txhim kho kev tuav lub zog ntawm cov ntawv ci steel hauv qhov qis qis.
Nyob rau hauv high-ceev circuits, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj yuav txo tau cov kis tau tus mob thiab coupling ntawm high-ceev teeb liab, thiab txo cov hluav taws xob thiab kev xav ntawm cov teeb liab.
c)Qhov luv luv ntawm cov hlau lead, qhov zoo dua
Qhov luv luv ntawm cov hlau lead ntawm cov pins ntawm high-speed signal routing circuit device, qhov zoo dua.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau lead, qhov loj dua qhov kev faib tawm inductance thiab capacitance tus nqi, uas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau rau lub cev muaj zog lub teeb liab dhau, tab sis kuj hloov cov yam ntxwv impedance ntawm Circuit Court, ua rau muaj kev xav thiab oscillation ntawm lub system.
d)Qhov kev hloov pauv tsawg dua ntawm cov txheej txheem txhuas, qhov zoo dua
Qhov tsawg dua interlayer alternations ntawm cov pins ntawm high-speed circuit devices, qhov zoo dua.
Lub npe hu ua "kev hloov pauv tsawg dua ntawm kev coj ua, qhov zoo dua" txhais tau hais tias tsawg dua qhov siv hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, qhov zoo dua. Nws tau raug ntsuas tias ib lub qhov tuaj yeem nqa txog 0.5pf ntawm kev faib tawm, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj hauv Circuit Court ncua, txo tus naj npawb ntawm qhov tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nrawm.
e)Nco ntsoov qhov kev cuam tshuam sib luag
Kev kub ceev teeb liab thaiv yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau "kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam" qhia los ntawm cov teeb liab kab luv luv nyob rau hauv parallel thaiv. Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov kev faib tawm mus ib txhis, thaj tsam loj ntawm "hauv av" tuaj yeem teem caij rau sab nraud ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob sib txuas kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam zoo heev.
f)Zam cov ceg thiab stumps
High-speed teeb liab thaiv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ceg los yog tsim Stub.
Stumps muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau impedance thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub teeb liab xav txog thiab overshoot, yog li peb feem ntau yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj stumps thiab ceg hauv qhov tsim.
Daisy saw hlau yuav txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb liab.
g)Cov kab teeb liab mus rau hauv pem teb sab hauv kom deb li deb tau
High zaus teeb liab kab taug kev ntawm qhov chaw yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob loj, thiab kuj yooj yim rau kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sab nraud los yog lwm yam.
Cov kab hluav taws xob ntau zaus yog hla ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab cov xaim hauv av, los ntawm kev nqus ntawm electromagnetic yoj los ntawm lub hwj chim mov thiab txheej hauv qab, cov hluav taws xob tsim tawm yuav raug txo kom tsawg.