I ke kaʻina o ke aʻo ʻana i ka uila, ʻike pinepine mākou i ka papa kaapuni paʻi (PCB) a me ka circuit circuit (IC), he nui ka poʻe i "pilikia naʻaupō" e pili ana i kēia mau manaʻo ʻelua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lākou paʻakikī, i kēia lā e wehewehe mākou i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka PCB a me ka circuit integrated.

He aha ka PCB?

ʻO ka Papa Kaapuni Pai, i kapa ʻia ʻo Printed Circuit Board ma ka ʻōlelo Kina, he ʻāpana uila koʻikoʻi, ke kino kākoʻo o nā mea uila a me ka mea lawe no ka hoʻopili uila o nā mea uila. No ka mea ua hana ʻia e ka paʻi uila, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "paʻi" papa kaapuni.

ʻO ka papa kaapuni o kēia manawa, ka mea nui o ka laina a me ka Surface (Pattern), Dielectric layer (Dielectric), ka puka (Ma o ka puka / ma), pale i ka inika kuʻi (Solder resistant / Solder Mask), paʻi pale (Legend / Marking / Silk screen. ).

Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka PCB: kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe, designability, producibility, testability, assemblability, maintainability.

He aha ke kaapuni hoʻohui?

ʻO ke kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia he mea uila liʻiliʻi a ʻāpana paha. Ke hoʻohana nei i kekahi kaʻina hana, ua hana ʻia nā ʻāpana a me nā wili e like me nā transistors, resistors, capacitors a me nā inductors i koi ʻia i kahi kaʻapuni ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kekahi mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka chip semiconductor a i ʻole substrate dielectric a laila hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi pūpū e lilo i microstructure. me nā hana kaapuni pono. Ua hoʻohui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau, e hana ana i nā ʻāpana uila i mea nui i ka miniaturization, ka hoʻohana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka naʻauao, a me ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka leka "IC" ma ke kaapuni.

E like me ka hana a me ke ʻano o ke kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o nā kaapuni hoʻohui analog, nā kaapuni hoʻohui kikohoʻe a me ke kaʻapuni hoʻohuihui digital/analog.

Loaʻa i ke kaapuni hoʻohui nā mea maikaʻi o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, māmā, liʻiliʻi ke alakaʻi uea, a me ka welding point, ola lōʻihi, hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe, hana maikaʻi, etc.

ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka PCB a me ke kaapuni hoʻohui.

ʻO ke kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka chip, e like me ka motherboard ma ka chip northbridge, CPU internal, i kapa ʻia ʻo integrated circuit, ʻo ka inoa kumu i kapa ʻia ʻo integrated block. A ʻo PCB ka papa kaapuni a mākou i ʻike maʻamau a paʻi ʻia ma ka papa kaapuni wiliwili chips.

Hoʻopili ʻia kahi kaapuni hoʻohui (IC) i kahi papa PCB. ʻO ka papa PCB ka mea lawe i kahi kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia (IC).

Ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kahi kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia he kaapuni maʻamau i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o kahi chip, ʻo ia ka holoʻokoʻa. Ke hoʻopōʻino ʻia i loko, e pōʻino ka chip. Hiki i ka PCB ke weld i nā ʻāpana iā ia iho, a hiki ke pani ʻia nā ʻāpana inā haki.