ʻO nā hemahema i hana ʻia e ka pōʻino capacitor ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lako uila, a ʻo ka pōʻino i nā capacitors electrolytic ka mea maʻamau. ʻO ka hana o ka pōʻino capacitor penei:

1. Liʻiliʻi ka hiki; 2. Pohō piha i ka hiki; 3. Leakage; 4. Kaapuni pokole.

Hoʻokani nā Capacitors i nā hana like ʻole i ke kaapuni, a ʻo nā hewa i hana ʻia he mau ʻano ponoʻī ko lākou. I loko o nā papa kaapuni ʻoihana, ʻo nā kaapuni kikohoʻe ka hapa nui, a hoʻohana nui ʻia nā capacitors no ka kānana lako mana, a hoʻohana ʻia nā capacitor liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā kaapuni oscillation. Inā pōʻino ka capacitor electrolytic i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mana hoʻololi, ʻaʻole e haʻalulu ka mana hoʻololi, a ʻaʻohe puka uila; ʻAʻole i kānana maikaʻi ʻia ka puʻupuʻu puka, a ua hoʻomāinoino ke kaapuni ma muli o ka hiki ʻole o ka uila, e hōʻike ana i ka hana maikaʻi a i ʻole ka haki ʻana o ka mīkini ʻAʻohe mea o ka mīkini, inā pili ka capacitor ma waena o nā pou maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole o ka lako mana. o ke kaapuni kikohoia, e like ka hewa me ka mea maluna.

ʻIke ʻia kēia ma nā motherboards kamepiula. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻā ka nui o nā kamepiula ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻā. E wehe i ka hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i ke ʻano o nā capacitors electrolytic bulging, inā ʻoe e wehe i nā capacitors e ana i ka hiki, ʻike ʻia he haʻahaʻa loa ma mua o ka waiwai maoli.

ʻO ke ola o kahi capacitor pili pono i ka mahana ambient. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana ambient, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o ka capacitor. ʻAʻole pili kēia lula i nā capacitors electrolytic, akā i nā capacitors ʻē aʻe. No laila, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā capacitors hewa, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka nānā ʻana i nā capacitors kokoke i ke kumu wela, e like me nā capacitors e pili ana i ka wela a me nā mea mana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pili kokoke ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino.

Ua hoʻoponopono au i ka lako mana o kahi mea ʻike hemahema X-ray. Ua hōʻike ka mea hoʻohana ua puka mai ka uahi mai ka lako mana. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka hihia, ua ʻike ʻia aia kahi capacitor nui 1000uF/350V me nā mea ʻaila e kahe ana i waho. Wehe i ka nui o ka mana He umi wale no uF, a ua ikeia o keia capacitor wale no ka mea kokoke loa i ka wela wela o ke alahaka hooponopono, a o na mea e ae ma kahi mamao aku ua paa me ka mana maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ua pōkole nā ​​capacitors ceramic, a ua ʻike pū ʻia nā capacitors e pili kokoke ana i nā mea hoʻomehana. No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka wā e nānā a hoʻoponopono.

Aia kekahi mau capacitors i kēia manawa leakage koʻikoʻi, a puhi pū i kou mau lima ke hoʻopā ʻia me kou mau manamana lima. Pono e hoʻololi ʻia kēia ʻano capacitor.
I ka hihia o ka piʻi a me ka lalo i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, koe wale nō ka hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hemahema ke kumu ma muli o ka pōʻino capacitor. No laila, i ka wā e hālāwai ai i kēlā mau hemahema, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka nānā ʻana i nā capacitors. Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā capacitors, he mea kānalua ia (ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka maikaʻi o nā capacitors, a koho i kahi hōʻailona maikaʻi loa, e like me Ruby, Black Diamond, etc.).

1. Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pōʻino kūʻē

Ua ʻike pinepine ʻia ka nui o nā poʻe hoʻomaka e hoʻolei i ke kūʻē i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kaapuni, a ua wehe ʻia a welded. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻoponopono nui ʻia. Ke hoʻomaopopo nei ʻoe i nā ʻano pōʻino o ke kūʻē, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa nui.

ʻO ke kū'ē ka mea nui loa i nā mea uila, akā ʻaʻole ia ka mea me ka nui o ka pōʻino. ʻO ke kaapuni hāmama ke ʻano maʻamau o ka pōʻino kūʻē. He kakaikahi ka nui o ka waiwai kū'ē, a liʻiliʻi ka waiwai kū'ē. ʻO nā mea maʻamau, nā pale pale kiʻi kalapona, nā mea pale kiʻiʻoniʻoni metala, nā mea pale ʻeha uea a me nā pale ʻinikua.

ʻO nā ʻano mua ʻelua o nā resistors ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou pōʻino, ʻo ia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka pōʻino o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 100Ω) a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe (ma luna o 100kΩ), a ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻē waena (e like me nā haneli ohms a hiki i nā ʻumi kiloohms) ʻO ka pōʻino liʻiliʻi loa; ʻO ka lua, i ka wā i hōʻinoʻia ai nā mea kū'ē kū'ē haʻahaʻa, ua puhi pinepineʻia aʻeleʻele, he mea maʻalahi ka loaʻaʻana,ʻoiaiʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻinoʻia nā mea pale kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā resistors Wirewound no ka palena o kēia manawa, a ʻaʻole nui ke kū'ē. Ke pau nā mea pale ʻeha uea cylindrical, ʻeleʻele kekahi a pohā paha ka ʻili, a ʻaʻohe meheu o kekahi. ʻO nā mea pale sima kekahi ʻano o nā mea pale ʻeha uea, hiki ke haki ke puhi ʻia, inā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā meheu. I ka pau ʻana o ka pale fuse, e puhi ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻili ma kekahi mau ʻili, a ʻaʻohe meheu o kekahi, akā ʻaʻole lākou e wela a ʻeleʻele paha. E like me nā hiʻohiʻona i luna, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka nānā ʻana i ke kū'ē a loaʻa koke i ke kūʻē ʻino.

E like me nā hiʻohiʻona i helu ʻia ma luna nei, hiki iā mākou ke nānā mua inā ua puhi nā mea kū'ē haʻahaʻa ma ka papa kaapuni i nā hōʻailona ʻeleʻele, a laila e like me nā hiʻohiʻona i wehe ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mea kū'ē a i ʻole ka nui o ke kū'ē ʻana a me nā mea kū'ē kū'ē kiʻekiʻe. poino maalahi. Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka multimeter no ke ana pololei ʻana i ke kūʻē ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka pale pale kiʻekiʻe ma ka papa kaapuni. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūpaʻa i ana ʻia ma mua o ke kūpaʻa nominal, pono e hōʻino ʻia ke kū'ē (e hoʻomaopopo i ka paʻa o ke kū'ē ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana I ka hopena, no ka mea aia paha nā mea capacitive parallel i ke kaapuni, aia ke kaʻina hana a hoʻokuʻu), inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kūpaʻa i ana ʻia ma mua o ke kūpaʻa inoa, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia. Ma kēiaʻano, e ana houʻia nā kū'ē'ē a pau ma ka papa kaapuni, inā paha i "pepehi hewaʻia" hoʻokahi tausani,ʻaʻole e nalowale kekahi.

ʻO ka lua, ke ʻano hoʻokolokolo o ka amplifier hana

He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻokolokolo i ka maikaʻi o nā mea hoʻonui hana no ka nui o nā mea hoʻoponopono uila, ʻaʻole wale ka pae hoʻonaʻauao (he nui nā haumāna haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e aʻo, ʻaʻole lākou, e lōʻihi ka manawa e maopopo ai, aia. ʻO kahi kūikawā like ia no nā haumāna puka e aʻo ana nā kumu aʻo i ka mana inverter!), makemake wau e kūkākūkā me ʻoe ma aneʻi, a manaʻolana e kōkua i nā mea a pau.

Loaʻa i ka amplifier hana maikaʻi nā hiʻohiʻona o ka "pōkole virtual" a me ka "break virtual", pono kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻelua no ka nānā ʻana i ke kaapuni amplifier hana o ka noi laina. I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laina, pono e hana ka op amp i kahi puka pani (nā manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole). Inā ʻaʻohe manaʻo manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole, lilo ka op amp ma lalo o ka hoʻonui open-loop i mea hoʻohālikelike. Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻokolokolo i ka maikaʻi o ka hāmeʻa, pono ʻoe e ʻike mua inā hoʻohana ʻia ka hāmeʻa ma ke ʻano he amplifier a i ʻole mea hoʻohālikelike i ke kaapuni.