1. Magani kafinnutsewajan karfe 

1). Burring

Tsarin hako ma'adinan kafin nutsewar tagulla yana da sauƙi don samar da burr, wanda shine mafi mahimmancin ɓoyayyiyar haɗari ga haɓakar ramuka na ƙasa. Dole ne a warware ta ta hanyar lalata fasaha. Yawancin lokaci ta hanyar inji, ta yadda ramin ramin da bangon rami na ciki ba tare da barbed ko rami tare da sabon abu ba.

1). Ragewa

2). M sarrafawa:

Ya fi tabbatar da kyakkyawan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin murfin karfe da matrix.

3)Jiyya mai kunnawa:

Babban "cibiyar farawa" an kafa shi don yin jigilar tagulla daidai

1. Dalilin ramin rufin bango:

1)Hole bango shafi rami lalacewa ta hanyar PTH

(1) Abubuwan da ke cikin tagulla na silinda na siliki na jan karfe, sodium hydroxide da taro na formaldehyde

(2) zafin tanki

(3) Sarrafa ruwa mai kunnawa

(4) Tsaftace zafin jiki

(5) yawan zafin jiki na amfani, maida hankali da lokacin duk wakili na pore

(6) zafin sabis, maida hankali da lokacin rage wakili

(7) Oscillators da lilo

2)Canjin tsari wanda ya haifar da ramukan rufin bangon rami

(1) Farantin gyaran fuska

(2) ragowar manne na orifice

(3) Microcorrosion na pretreatment

3)Hoto plating lalacewa ta hanyar rami shafi ramukan bango

(1) Graphic electroplating microetching

(2) daskararrun dalma ( tin gubar) rashin tarwatsewa

Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da rami mai rufi, mafi yawan na kowa shine ramin suturar PTH, ta hanyar sarrafa ma'auni na tsarin da ya dace zai iya rage yawan samar da rami na PTH. Amma wasu dalilai ba za a iya watsi da su ba, kawai ta hanyar lura da hankali, don fahimtar dalilin rami mai rufi da halayen lahani, don magance matsalar a cikin lokaci da kuma tasiri, kula da ingancin samfurin.