Ramin da'a ta hanyar rami kuma ana kiransa ta rami.Domin biyan buƙatun abokin ciniki, dole ne a toshe allon kewayawa ta rami.Bayan aiki da yawa, ana canza tsarin toshe takarda na al'ada na al'ada, kuma ana kammala abin rufe fuska da abin rufe fuska tare da farar raga.rami.Stable samarwa da ingantaccen inganci.

Via rami yana taka rawar haɗin kai da gudanar da da'irori.Ci gaban da lantarki masana'antu kuma inganta ci gaban PCB, da kuma sanya a gaba mafi girma bukatun a kan buga hukumar masana'antu tsari da surface Dutsen fasaha.Fasahar toshe rami ta samo asali, kuma yakamata ya cika buƙatu masu zuwa a lokaci guda:

(1) Akwai jan karfe a cikin rami, kuma ana iya toshe abin rufe fuska ko ba a toshe shi ba;

(2) Dole ne a sami tin da gubar a cikin ramin, tare da ƙayyadaddun buƙatu mai kauri (4 microns), kuma kada tawada abin rufe fuska ya shiga cikin ramin, yana haifar da ɓoyayyiyar kwano a cikin ramin;

(3) Ramin ta ramin dole ne ya kasance yana da ramin toshe abin rufe fuska, mara kyau, kuma kada ya kasance yana da zoben gwangwani, beads na gwangwani, da buƙatun shimfidawa.

Tare da haɓaka samfuran lantarki a cikin hanyar "haske, bakin ciki, gajere, da ƙanana", PCBs kuma sun haɓaka zuwa babban yawa da wahala.Don haka, ɗimbin adadin SMT da BGA PCB sun bayyana, kuma abokan ciniki suna buƙatar toshewa lokacin da ake hawa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, galibi gami da ayyuka biyar:

(1) Hana tin daga wucewa ta wurin abubuwan da ake buƙata ta cikin rami don haifar da ɗan gajeren da'ira lokacin da aka sayar da PCB;musamman lokacin da muka sanya via a kan kushin BGA, dole ne mu fara yin ramin filogi sannan mu sanya zinari don sauƙaƙe siyarwar BGA.

(2) Guji ragowar ruwa a cikin ramuka;

(3) Bayan an gama hawan saman masana'antar lantarki da kuma haɗa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, PCB dole ne a shafe shi don haifar da matsa lamba mara kyau akan injin gwaji don kammalawa:

(4) Hana man siyar da ƙasa ta kwarara cikin rami, haifar da siyarwar ƙarya da kuma tasiri jeri;

(5) Hana ƙwallan kwano daga fitowa a lokacin sayar da igiyar ruwa, suna haifar da gajeriyar kewayawa.

Ganewar Tsarin Hannun Ramin Haɓakawa

Don allunan dutsen sama, musamman hawan BGA da IC, toshe rami dole ne ya zama lebur, convex da concave da ko ragi 1mil, kuma dole ne babu jan tin a gefen ramin;da via rami boye da kwano ball, domin ya isa abokin ciniki Bisa ga bukatun, da via rami plugging tsari za a iya bayyana a matsayin daban-daban, da kwarara kwarara ne musamman dogon, da tsari iko ne mai wuya, da kuma man ne sau da yawa kika aika a lokacin. da zafin iska matakin da kore mai solder juriya gwajin;matsaloli irin su fashewar mai bayan ƙarfafawa yana faruwa.Yanzu bisa ga ainihin yanayin samarwa, an taƙaita matakai daban-daban na plugging na PCB, kuma ana yin wasu kwatancen da bayani a cikin tsari da fa'idodi da rashin amfani:

Note: The aiki ka'idar zafi iska matakin ne don amfani da zafi iska don cire wuce haddi solder daga saman da ramukan da buga kewaye hukumar, da kuma sauran solder ne ko'ina mai rufi a kan gammaye, wadanda ba juriya solder Lines da surface marufi maki. wanda shine hanyar maganin farfajiyar da'irar da aka buga daya.

1. Hole plugging tsari bayan zafi iska matakin
Gudun tsarin shine: abin rufe fuska na allo →HAL → ramin toshe → curing.Ana ɗaukar tsarin rashin toshewa don samarwa.Bayan an daidaita iska mai zafi, ana amfani da allon allo na aluminum ko allon toshe tawada don kammala ta hanyar toshe rami da abokin ciniki ke buƙata don duk katangar.Tawada mai toshe rami na iya zama tawada mai ɗaukar hoto ko tawada mai zafi.A cikin yanayin tabbatar da launi iri ɗaya na fim ɗin rigar, tawada ramin filogi ya fi kyau a yi amfani da tawada iri ɗaya kamar saman allo.Wannan tsari na iya tabbatar da cewa ta cikin ramukan ba zai rasa mai ba bayan an daidaita iska mai zafi, amma yana da sauƙi don haifar da tawada don gurɓata saman allo da rashin daidaituwa.Abokan ciniki suna da saurin siyar da karya (musamman a BGA) yayin hawa.Don haka yawancin abokan ciniki ba su yarda da wannan hanyar ba.

2. Hot iska matakin aiwatar da gaban toshe rami

2.1 Yi amfani da takardar aluminum don toshe ramin, ƙarfafawa, da goge allon don canja wurin hotuna

Wannan tsari na fasaha yana amfani da na'ura mai sarrafa lambobi don hako takardar aluminum da ake buƙatar toshe don yin allo, da kuma toshe ramukan don tabbatar da cewa ta hanyar toshe rami ya cika.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da tawadan ramin filogi tare da tawada mai zafi.Dole ne halayensa su kasance masu girma a cikin taurin., Rashin raguwa na resin yana da ƙananan, kuma ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tare da bangon rami yana da kyau.A tsari kwarara ne: pre-jiyya → toshe rami → nika farantin → juna canja wuri → etching → allo surface solder mask

Wannan hanya na iya tabbatar da cewa ramin toshe na ramin yana da lebur, kuma ba za a sami matsaloli masu inganci kamar fashewar mai da digon mai a gefen ramin lokacin daidaitawa da iska mai zafi ba.Koyaya, wannan tsari yana buƙatar kauri na jan karfe na lokaci ɗaya don sanya kaurin tagulla na bangon rami ya dace da ma'aunin abokin ciniki.Don haka, abubuwan da ake buƙata don sanya tagulla a kan allo gabaɗaya suna da girma sosai, kuma aikin injin ɗin niƙa yana da girma sosai, don tabbatar da cewa resin da ke saman tagulla ya ƙare gaba ɗaya, kuma saman tagulla yana da tsabta kuma ba gurɓatacce ba. .Yawancin masana'antun PCB ba su da tsari mai kauri na lokaci ɗaya, kuma aikin kayan aikin bai cika buƙatun ba, wanda ke haifar da rashin amfani da wannan tsari sosai a masana'antar PCB.

2.2 Bayan toshe ramin tare da takardar aluminium, kai tsaye allon-buga abin rufe fuska na allo

Wannan tsari yana amfani da injin hakowa na CNC don fitar da takardar aluminium wanda ke buƙatar toshe don yin allo, sanya shi akan na'urar buga allo don toshe ramin, sannan a ajiye shi sama da mintuna 30 bayan an gama toshewa. kuma yi amfani da allon 36T don duba saman allon kai tsaye.Gudun tsarin shine: pre-treatment-toshe rami-silk allo-pre-baking-exposure-development-curing

Wannan tsari zai iya tabbatar da cewa ta hanyar rami yana da kyau an rufe shi da man fetur, ramin toshe yana da lebur, kuma launi na fim ɗin rigar ya dace.Bayan an daidaita iska mai zafi, zai iya tabbatar da cewa ramin da ba a yi tin ɗin ba kuma ba a ɓoye a cikin rami ba, amma yana da sauƙi don haifar da tawada a cikin ramin bayan an warke.The soldering pads haifar da rashin solderability;bayan an daidaita iska mai zafi, gefuna na vias kumfa kuma rasa mai.Yana da wuya a yi amfani da wannan tsari don sarrafa samarwa, kuma yana da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin sarrafawa suyi amfani da matakai na musamman da sigogi don tabbatar da ingancin ramukan toshe.

2.3 Ana toshe takardar aluminium a cikin ramuka, haɓakawa, an riga an warke, kuma an goge, sannan ana yin abin rufe fuska na solder a saman.

Yi amfani da injin hakowa na CNC don fitar da takardar aluminum wanda ke buƙatar toshe ramuka don yin allo, shigar da shi akan na'urar bugu na allo don toshe ramuka.Dole ne ramukan toshewa su kasance cikakke kuma suna fitowa a bangarorin biyu, sannan su ƙarfafa da niƙa allon don maganin saman.Tsarin gudana shine: pre-treatment-toshe rami-pre-baking-development-pre-curing-board surface solder mask.

Domin wannan tsari yana amfani da maganin toshe rami don tabbatar da cewa ta rami ba ta rasa mai ko fashe bayan HAL, amma bayan HAL, yana da wahala gaba daya warware matsalar ajiyar kwano a cikin rami da dasa a kan ramin, don haka. abokan ciniki da yawa ba su yarda da shi ba.

2.4 Ana kammala mashin solder da ramin toshe a lokaci guda.

Wannan hanya tana amfani da allon 36T (43T), wanda aka sanya akan na'urar buga allo, ta amfani da pad ko gadon ƙusoshi, kuma lokacin kammala saman allo, ana toshe duk ramuka.Gudun tsarin shine: bugu na allon pretreatment- -Pre-baking-exposure-development-curing.

Lokacin tsari gajere ne kuma ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki yana da yawa.Yana iya tabbatar da cewa ta ramukan ba zai rasa mai bayan zafi iska matakin, da via ramukan ba za a tinned.Koyaya, saboda amfani da allon siliki don toshe ramuka, akwai iskar da yawa a cikin ramukan., Iskar tana faɗaɗa kuma ta karye ta hanyar abin rufe fuska na solder, wanda ke haifar da cavities da rashin daidaituwa.Za a sami ɗan ƙaramin adadin ta ramukan da ke ɓoye a cikin matakan iska mai zafi.A halin yanzu, bayan babban adadin gwaje-gwaje, kamfaninmu ya zaɓi nau'ikan tawada daban-daban da danko, daidaita matsa lamba na bugu na allo, da sauransu, kuma a zahiri warware ɓarna da rashin daidaituwa na vias, kuma ya karɓi wannan tsari don taro. samarwa.