Yawancin 'yan wasan DIY za su ga cewa launukan PCB da samfuran allo daban-daban ke amfani da su a kasuwa suna da ban mamaki. Mafi yawan launuka na PCB sune baki, kore, shuɗi, rawaya, shunayya, ja da launin ruwan kasa. Wasu masana'antun sun haɓaka PCBs masu launuka daban-daban kamar fari da ruwan hoda.

A cikin ra'ayi na al'ada, PCB baƙar fata yana da alama an sanya shi a matsayi mafi girma, yayin da ja da rawaya ke sadaukarwa ga ƙananan ƙarshen. Shin ba gaskiya ba ne?

PCB tagulla Layer wanda ba'a lullube shi da abin rufe fuska yana da sauƙi oxidized lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa iska

Mun san cewa ɓangarorin biyu na PCB ɗin yadudduka ne na tagulla. A cikin samar da PCB, Layer na jan karfe zai sami santsi kuma mara kariya ba tare da la'akari da ko an yi shi ta hanyar ƙari ko hanyoyi ba.

Ko da yake sinadarai na jan ƙarfe ba su da aiki kamar aluminum, baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, da dai sauransu, a gaban ruwa, jan ƙarfe mai tsabta yana da sauƙi oxidized tare da oxygen; saboda iskar oxygen da tururin ruwa suna wanzuwa a cikin iska, saman jan ƙarfe mai tsafta yana fallasa zuwa iska.

Saboda kauri na Layer na jan karfe a cikin PCB yana da sirara sosai, jan ƙarfe da aka yi da iskar oxygen zai zama maras kyau madugun wutar lantarki, wanda zai lalata aikin wutar lantarki na PCB gaba ɗaya.

Domin hana iskar oxygen da tagulla, don raba sassa na PCB da aka siyar da wanda ba a siyar da su ba yayin saida, da kuma kare saman PCB, injiniyoyi sun ƙirƙira wani shafi na musamman. Irin wannan fenti za a iya sauƙi shafa a saman PCB don samar da wani Layer na kariya tare da wani kauri da kuma toshe hulɗar tsakanin jan karfe da iska. Ana kiran wannan Layer na suturar abin rufe fuska, kuma kayan da ake amfani da su shine abin rufe fuska.

Tun da ake kira lacquer, dole ne ya kasance yana da launi daban-daban. Ee, ana iya yin abin rufe fuska na asali mara launi kuma a bayyane, amma don dacewa da kulawa da masana'antu, PCBs galibi suna buƙatar bugu tare da ƙaramin rubutu akan allo.

Mashin solder mai haske zai iya bayyana launi na PCB kawai, don haka bayyanar ba ta da kyau ko masana'anta ne, gyara ko siyarwa. Don haka, injiniyoyi sun ƙara launuka daban-daban zuwa abin rufe fuska don samar da PCB baki, ja, ko shuɗi.

PCB baƙar fata yana da wahalar ganin alamar, wanda ke kawo matsaloli ga kulawa

Daga wannan ra'ayi, launi na PCB ba shi da alaƙa da ingancin PCB. Bambanci tsakanin PCB baki da sauran PCBs masu launi irin su PCB blue da PCB rawaya ya ta'allaka ne a cikin launi na abin rufe fuska.

Idan tsarin ƙirar PCB da tsarin masana'anta daidai suke, launi ba zai yi wani tasiri a kan aikin ba, kuma ba zai yi wani tasiri akan zubar da zafi ba.

Game da PCB baƙar fata, saboda alamun da ke saman sun kusan rufe gaba ɗaya, yana haifar da wahala mai yawa a cikin kulawa daga baya, don haka launi ne wanda bai dace da ƙira da amfani ba.

Saboda haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutane sun sannu a hankali gyare-gyare, watsi da yin amfani da baki solder mask, kuma a maimakon haka amfani da duhu kore, duhu launin ruwan kasa, duhu blue da sauran solder mask, manufar shi ne don sauƙaƙe masana'antu da kiyayewa.

Bayan ya faɗi haka, kowa ya fahimci ainihin matsalar launi na PCB. Game da bayanin "launi ko ƙarancin ƙarewa", saboda masana'antun suna son yin amfani da PCBs baƙar fata don yin samfura masu tsayi, da ja, blue, kore, da rawaya don yin samfuran ƙarancin ƙarewa.

Taƙaice shine: samfurin yana ba da ma'anar launi, ba launi yana ba da ma'anar samfurin ba.

Menene fa'idodin amfani da karafa masu daraja kamar zinari da azurfa akan PCB?
Launi a bayyane yake, bari muyi magana game da karafa masu daraja akan PCB! Lokacin da wasu masana'antun ke tallata samfuran su, za su faɗi musamman cewa samfuran nasu suna amfani da matakai na musamman kamar platin zinariya da platin azurfa. To mene ne amfanin wannan tsari?

Fuskar PCB na buƙatar abubuwan siyarwa, don haka ana buƙatar wani ɓangare na Layer na jan karfe don fallasa don siyarwa. Ana kiran waɗannan sifofin tagulla da aka fallasa su pads. Gabaɗaya pads ɗin suna da rectangular ko zagaye tare da ƙaramin yanki.

A cikin abin da ke sama, mun san cewa jan karfe da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin PCB yana da sauƙi oxidized, don haka bayan an yi amfani da abin rufe fuska, jan karfen da ke kan kushin yana nunawa ga iska.

Idan jan karfe a kan kushin ya kasance oxidized, ba kawai zai zama da wahala a sayar da shi ba, amma kuma tsayayyar zai karu sosai, wanda zai shafi aikin ƙarshe na samfurin. Saboda haka, injiniyoyi sun fito da hanyoyi daban-daban don kare pads. Misali, sanyawa da zinare na karfe maras aiki, ko rufe saman saman da ruwan azurfa ta hanyar sinadarai, ko rufe Layer na tagulla da fim din sinadari na musamman don hana cudanya tsakanin kushin da iska.

Don mashinan da aka fallasa akan PCB, Layer na jan karfe yana fallasa kai tsaye. Wannan bangare yana buƙatar karewa don hana shi zama oxidized.

Daga wannan hangen nesa, ko zinari ne ko azurfa, manufar aiwatar da kanta shine don hana iskar shaka, kare kushin, da kuma tabbatar da yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin tsarin siyarwa na gaba.

Koyaya, amfani da ƙarfe daban-daban zai sanya buƙatu akan lokacin ajiya da yanayin ajiya na PCB da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antar samarwa. Don haka, masana'antun PCB gabaɗaya suna amfani da injin marufi na filastik don haɗa PCBs bayan an gama samarwa PCB kuma kafin isarwa ga abokan ciniki don tabbatar da cewa PCBs ɗin ba su da iskar oxygen.

Kafin a haɗa abubuwan da aka gyara akan na'ura, mai kera katin dole ne kuma ya bincika digiri na PCB, kawar da PCB oxidation, kuma tabbatar da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Hukumar da masu amfani da ƙarshen ke samu sun ci jarabawa iri-iri. Ko da bayan amfani da dogon lokaci, oxidation zai kusan faruwa ne kawai a ɓangaren haɗin toshe, kuma ba zai yi tasiri a kan kushin da abubuwan da aka riga aka siyar ba.

Tun da juriya na azurfa da zinariya ya ragu, bayan amfani da ƙarfe na musamman kamar azurfa da zinariya, za a rage yawan zafin jiki na PCB?

Mun san cewa abin da ke shafar yawan zafin jiki shine juriya. Juriya yana da alaƙa da kayan mai gudanarwa da kansa, yanki na giciye da tsayin mai gudanarwa. Kaurin kayan ƙarfe a saman kushin ya kai ƙasa da 0.01 mm nesa nesa ba kusa ba. Idan an sarrafa kushin ta hanyar OST (fim ɗin kariya na kwayoyin halitta), ba za a sami kauri da yawa ba kwata-kwata. Juriya da irin wannan ƙananan kauri ke nunawa kusan kusan 0 ne, har ma ba zai yiwu a ƙididdige shi ba, kuma ba shakka ba zai shafi haɓakar zafi ba.