Lokacin yinPCB tsarin, saboda aikin bincike na farko ba a yi ko ba a yi ba, aikin bayan aiki yana da wuyar gaske. Idan aka kwatanta allon PCB da birninmu, abubuwan da aka gyara sun kasance kamar layi akan layi na kowane nau'in gine-gine, layin sigina sune tituna da lungu a cikin birni, tsibirin kewayawa na gadar sama, fitowar kowace hanya shine cikakken tsarinta, wiring kuma shine. duk daya.

1. Abubuwan fifikon wayoyi

A) An fi son layukan siginar maɓalli: wutar lantarki, ƙaramin sigina na analog, siginar sauri mai sauri, siginar agogo, siginar aiki tare da sauran siginar maɓalli an fi so.

B) Ƙa'idar fifiko mai yawa na wiring: Fara wayoyi daga sashin tare da mafi hadaddun alaƙar haɗin gwiwa a kan allo. Cabling yana farawa daga wurin da ya fi haɗe-haɗe a kan allo.

C) Tsare-tsare don sarrafa siginar maɓalli: gwada samar da layin waya na musamman don siginar maɓalli kamar siginar agogo, sigina mai girma da sigina mai mahimmanci, da tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin yankin madauki. Idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a ɗauki garkuwa da ƙara tazarar aminci. Tabbatar da ingancin sigina.

D) Dole ne a shirya hanyar sadarwa tare da buƙatun sarrafa impedance a kan Layer kula da impedance, kuma dole ne a guji rarraba siginar sa.

2.Ikon wiring scrambler

A) Fassarar ka'idar 3W

Nisa tsakanin layin ya kamata ya zama sau 3 nisa layin. Domin rage yawan magana tsakanin layi, tazarar layin ya kamata ya zama babba. Idan nisan tsakiyar layin bai gaza sau 3 a fadin layin ba, ana iya kiyaye kashi 70% na wutar lantarki tsakanin layin ba tare da tsangwama ba, wanda ake kira ka'idar 3W.

B) Sarrafa ɓata lokaci: CrossTalk yana nufin katsalandan tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa daban-daban akan PCB wanda ke haifar da dogon layi na layi ɗaya, galibi saboda aikin ƙarfin da aka rarraba da rarraba inductance tsakanin layi ɗaya. Babban matakan da za a bi don shawo kan tatsuniyoyi sune:

I. Ƙara tazara na igiyoyi masu kama da juna kuma ku bi ka'idar 3W;

Ii. Saka igiyoyin keɓewar ƙasa tsakanin igiyoyin layi ɗaya

Iii. Rage nisa tsakanin layin cabling da jirgin ƙasa.

3. Gabaɗaya dokoki don buƙatun wayoyi

A) Hanyar jirgin da ke kusa shine orthogonal. Guji layukan sigina daban-daban a cikin layin da ke kusa da su a cikin hanya guda don rage lalata tsaka-tsakin da ba dole ba; Idan wannan yanayin yana da wuyar gujewa saboda ƙarancin tsarin jirgi (kamar wasu jiragen baya), musamman lokacin da adadin sigina ya yi girma, yakamata ku yi la'akari da keɓance yadudduka na wayoyi a cikin jirgin ƙasa da igiyoyin sigina a ƙasa.

B) Wayar da ƙananan na'urori masu hankali dole ne su kasance masu ma'ana, kuma kushin SMT yana jagorantar tare da tazara kusa ya kamata a haɗa shi daga waje na kushin. Ba a yarda da haɗin kai tsaye a tsakiyar kushin ba.

C) Ƙa'idar madauki mafi ƙanƙanta, wato, yanki na madauki da aka kafa ta hanyar layin sigina da madaukinsa ya kamata ya zama ƙarami sosai. Ƙananan yanki na madauki, ƙananan radiation na waje da ƙarami na tsaka-tsakin waje.

D) Ba a yarda da igiyoyin STUB ba

E) Ya kamata a kiyaye nisa na hanyar sadarwa iri ɗaya. Bambance-bambancen fadin wayoyi zai haifar da rashin daidaituwar halayen layin. Lokacin da saurin watsawa ya yi girma, tunani zai faru. A ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗa, irin su na'ura mai haɗin kai, BGA kunshin gubar waya tsarin irin wannan, saboda ƙananan tazara bazai iya guje wa canjin faɗin layi ba, ya kamata a yi ƙoƙarin rage ingantaccen tsawon ɓangaren da bai dace ba.

F) Hana igiyoyin sigina daga samar da madaukai na kai tsakanin yadudduka daban-daban. Irin wannan matsala yana da sauƙin faruwa a cikin ƙirar faranti mai yawa, kuma madauki na kai zai haifar da tsangwama na radiation.

G) Yakamata a kaucewa Angle mai karfin gaske da kusurwar dama a cikiPCB zane, haifar da ba dole ba radiation, da kuma samar da tsarin yi naPCBba kyau.