Wasu ƙananan ƙa'idodi na aiwatar da kwafin PCB

1: Tushen zabar faxin waya da aka buga: mafi ƙarancin faɗin wayar da aka buga yana da alaƙa da halin yanzu da ke gudana ta cikin wayar: faɗin layin ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, juriya da bugu yana da girma, kuma raguwar ƙarfin lantarki akan layi yana da girma, wanda ke rinjayar aikin da'irar. Faɗin layin yana da faɗi sosai, ƙarancin wiring ɗin ba shi da yawa, yanki na hukumar yana ƙaruwa, ban da haɓaka farashi, ba ya da amfani ga miniaturization. Idan aka lasafta nauyin na yanzu a matsayin 20A/mm2, lokacin da kauri na foil ɗin tagulla ya kai 0.5 MM, (yawanci haka da yawa), nauyin layin 1MM (kimanin 40 MIL) na yanzu shine 1 A, don haka faɗin layin shine. wanda aka ɗauka azaman 1-2.54 MM (40-100 MIL) na iya biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen gabaɗaya. Za'a iya ƙara waya ta ƙasa da wutar lantarki a kan jirgi mai ƙarfi na kayan aiki daidai gwargwadon girman ƙarfin. A kan ƙananan da'irori na dijital, don haɓaka yawan wayoyi, mafi ƙarancin faɗin layin za a iya gamsuwa ta hanyar ɗaukar 0.254-1.27MM (10-15MIL). A cikin wannan allon kewayawa, igiyar wutar lantarki. Wayar ƙasa ta fi na siginar kauri.

2: Tazarar layi: Lokacin da yake 1.5MM (kimanin 60 MIL), juriya na kariya tsakanin layin ya fi 20 M ohms, kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin layin zai iya kaiwa 300 V. Lokacin da tazarar layin ya kasance 1MM (40 MIL). ), Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin layin shine 200V Saboda haka, akan allon kewayawa na matsakaici da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki (matsayin wutar lantarki tsakanin layin bai wuce 200V ba), ana ɗaukar tazarar layin azaman 1.0-1.5 MM (40-60 MIL). . A cikin ƙananan ma'aunin wutar lantarki, irin su tsarin da'ira na dijital, ba lallai ba ne a yi la'akari da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki, muddin tsarin samarwa ya ba da izini, na iya zama ƙanƙanta.

3: Pad: Don resistor 1 / 8W, diamita gubar kushin shine 28MIL ya isa, kuma don 1 / 2 W, diamita shine 32 MIL, ramin gubar ya yi girma sosai, kuma faɗuwar zoben jan ƙarfe ya ragu sosai. Sakamakon raguwar mannewar kushin. Yana da sauƙin faɗuwa, ramin gubar ya yi ƙanƙanta, kuma sanya kayan aikin yana da wahala.

4: Zana iyakar kewayawa: Matsakaicin mafi guntu tsakanin layin iyaka da ɓangaren fil ɗin ba zai iya zama ƙasa da 2MM ba, (yawanci 5MM ya fi dacewa) in ba haka ba, yana da wuya a yanke kayan.

5: Ka'idar shimfidar abubuwa: A: Gabaɗaya ka'ida: A cikin ƙirar PCB, idan akwai da'irori na dijital da na'urorin analog a cikin tsarin kewayawa. Kazalika manyan da'irori na yanzu, dole ne a shimfida su daban don rage haɗin kai tsakanin tsarin. A cikin nau'in kewayawa iri ɗaya, ana sanya abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a cikin tubalan da ɓangarori bisa ga jagorar sigina da aiki.

6: Naúrar sarrafa siginar shigarwa, abin fitar da siginar fitarwa yakamata ya kasance kusa da gefen allon kewayawa, sanya layin shigarwa da fitarwa a takaice gwargwadon yuwuwar, don rage tsangwama na shigarwa da fitarwa.

7: Alƙawarin jeri sassa: Abubuwan da za a iya shirya su ne kawai ta hanyoyi biyu, a kwance da kuma a tsaye. In ba haka ba, ba a yarda da plug-ins.

8: Tazarar abubuwa. Don alluna masu yawa na matsakaici, tazara tsakanin ƙananan abubuwa kamar ƙarancin wutan lantarki, capacitors, diodes, da sauran sassa masu hankali yana da alaƙa da toshewa da tsarin walda. Lokacin sayar da igiyar ruwa, tazarar bangaren zai iya zama 50-100MIL (1.27-2.54MM). Ya fi girma, kamar ɗaukar 100MIL, haɗaɗɗen guntun da'ira, tazarar abubuwan gabaɗaya 100-150MIL.

9: Lokacin da yuwuwar bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin sassan ya yi girma, tazarar da ke tsakanin abubuwan ya kamata ya zama babba don hana fitarwa.

10: A cikin IC, da decoupling capacitor ya kamata ya kasance kusa da ikon samar da ƙasa fil na guntu. In ba haka ba, tasirin tacewa zai zama mafi muni. A cikin da'irori na dijital, don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin da'ira na dijital, ana sanya IC decoupling capacitors tsakanin wutar lantarki da ƙasa na kowane guntu mai haɗawa ta dijital. Ƙwaƙwalwar capacitors gabaɗaya suna amfani da capacitors na yumbu tare da ƙarfin 0.01 ~ 0.1 UF. Zaɓin zaɓin ƙarfin capacitor na decoupling gabaɗaya yana dogara ne akan madaidaicin tsarin mitar mai aiki F. Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar capacitor 10UF da capacitor yumbu na 0.01 UF tsakanin layin wutar lantarki da ƙasa a ƙofar tashar wutar lantarki.

11: Ya kamata bangaren da'irar hannun sa'a ya kasance kusa da yiwuwar siginar agogo na guntu microcomputer guntu guda ɗaya don rage tsayin haɗin da'irar agogo. Kuma yana da kyau kada a gudanar da waya a kasa.