1. Samuwar ramummuka yayin tsarin ƙirar PCB ya haɗa da:

Slotting lalacewa ta hanyar rarraba wutar lantarki ko jiragen sama; lokacin da akwai nau'ikan wutar lantarki daban-daban ko filaye akan PCB, gabaɗaya ba zai yuwu a ware cikakken jirgin sama don kowace hanyar sadarwar samar da wutar lantarki da cibiyar sadarwa ta ƙasa ba. Hanyar gama gari ita ce Ko yin rarraba wutar lantarki ko rarraba ƙasa akan jirage da yawa. Ana samun ramummuka tsakanin sassa daban-daban akan jirgi ɗaya.

Ramin ramukan suna da yawa don samar da ramummuka (ta ramuka sun haɗa da pads da vias); lokacin da ramukan ramuka suka ratsa ta ƙasan ƙasa ko kuma wutar lantarki ba tare da haɗin wutar lantarki da su ba, ana buƙatar barin wasu sarari a kusa da ramukan don keɓewar lantarki; amma lokacin da ta ramukan Lokacin da ramukan suka yi kusa da juna, sararin samaniya ya yi zoben zobe, yana haifar da ramuka.

2. Tasirin slotting akan aikin EMC na sigar PCB

Tsara zai sami wani tasiri akan aikin EMC na hukumar PCB. Wannan tasirin yana iya zama mara kyau ko tabbatacce. Da farko muna buƙatar fahimtar yanayin halin yanzu na rarraba sigina masu sauri da ƙananan sigina. A ƙananan gudu, halin yanzu yana gudana tare da hanyar mafi ƙarancin juriya. Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna yadda lokacin da ƙananan sauri ke gudana daga A zuwa B, siginar dawowar sa yana dawowa daga jirgin ƙasa zuwa tushen. A wannan lokacin, shimfidar wuri na yanzu ya fi fadi.

A babban saurin gudu, tasirin inductance akan hanyar dawowar siginar zai wuce tasirin juriya. Sigina mai saurin dawowa zai gudana tare da mafi ƙasƙanci impedance. A wannan lokacin, rarrabawar yanayin yanzu yana da kunkuntar sosai, kuma siginar dawowa yana maida hankali ne a ƙarƙashin layin siginar a cikin damfara.

Lokacin da akwai da'irori marasa jituwa akan PCB, ana buƙatar sarrafa “rarrabuwar ƙasa”, wato, ana saita jiragen ƙasa daban gwargwadon ƙarfin wutar lantarki daban-daban, sigina na dijital da analog, sigina mai sauri da ƙananan sauri, da kuma babban halin yanzu. da ƙananan sigina na yanzu. Daga rarraba sigina mai sauri da saurin dawo da siginar da aka bayar a sama, ana iya fahimta cikin sauƙi cewa raba ƙasa na iya hana babban matsayi na dawo da siginar daga da'irori marasa jituwa da kuma hana haɗin haɗin layin ƙasa gama gari.

Amma ba tare da la'akari da sigina masu sauri ko ƙananan sigina ba, lokacin da layukan sigina suka ketare ramuka a kan jirgin wuta ko jirgin ƙasa, matsaloli masu tsanani da yawa zasu faru, ciki har da:

Ƙara yanki na madauki na yanzu yana ƙara haɓakar madauki, yana sa yanayin fitarwa ya zama mai sauƙi don oscillate;

Don layukan sigina masu sauri waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa mai tsauri kuma ana fatattaka su bisa ga tsarin tsiri, za a lalata tsarin tsiri saboda ramin saman jirgin sama ko ƙasa ko na sama da ƙasa, yana haifar da katsewar impedance da tsanani. siginar mutunci. matsalolin jima'i;

Yana haɓaka fitar da hasken wuta zuwa sararin samaniya kuma yana da sauƙin shiga tsakani daga filayen maganadisu na sararin samaniya;

Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki akan inductance madauki ya ƙunshi tushen hasken yanayi na yau da kullun, kuma ana haifar da hasken yanayi ta hanyar igiyoyi na waje;

Haɓaka yuwuwar babban mitar sigina tare da sauran da'irori akan allo.

Lokacin da akwai da'irori marasa jituwa akan PCB, ana buƙatar sarrafa “rarrabuwar ƙasa”, wato, ana saita jiragen ƙasa daban gwargwadon ƙarfin wutar lantarki daban-daban, sigina na dijital da analog, sigina mai sauri da ƙananan sauri, da kuma babban halin yanzu. da ƙananan sigina na yanzu. Daga rarraba sigina mai sauri da saurin dawo da siginar da aka bayar a sama, ana iya fahimta cikin sauƙi cewa raba ƙasa na iya hana babban matsayi na dawo da siginar daga da'irori marasa jituwa da kuma hana haɗin haɗin layin ƙasa gama gari.

Amma ba tare da la'akari da sigina masu sauri ko ƙananan sigina ba, lokacin da layukan sigina suka ketare ramuka a kan jirgin wuta ko jirgin ƙasa, matsaloli masu tsanani da yawa zasu faru, ciki har da:

Ƙara yanki na madauki na yanzu yana ƙara haɓakar madauki, yana sa yanayin fitarwa ya zama mai sauƙi don oscillate;

Don layukan sigina masu sauri waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa mai tsauri kuma ana fatattaka su bisa ga tsarin tsiri, za a lalata tsarin tsiri saboda ramin saman jirgin sama ko ƙasa ko na sama da ƙasa, yana haifar da katsewar impedance da tsanani. siginar mutunci. matsalolin jima'i;

Yana haɓaka fitar da hasken wuta zuwa sararin samaniya kuma yana da sauƙin shiga tsakani daga filayen maganadisu na sararin samaniya;

Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki akan inductance madauki ya ƙunshi tushen hasken yanayi na yau da kullun, kuma ana haifar da hasken yanayi ta hanyar igiyoyi na waje;

Ƙara yuwuwar babban mitar sigina na crosstalk tare da wasu da'irori a kan allo

3. Hanyoyin ƙirar PCB don slotting

Gudanar da tsagi ya kamata ya bi ka'idodi masu zuwa:

Don layukan sigina masu sauri waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa mai tsauri, an hana burbushin su tsallaka layukan da aka raba don gujewa haifar da katsewa da haifar da manyan matsalolin amincin sigina;

Lokacin da da'irori marasa jituwa akan PCB, yakamata a aiwatar da rabuwar ƙasa, amma rabuwar ƙasa bai kamata ya haifar da layin sigina mai sauri ba don ketare wayoyi da aka raba, kuma a yi ƙoƙari kada a sa layukan sigina mara sauri su ƙetare raba wayoyi;

Lokacin da ba za a iya kaucewa ba ta hanyar ramummuka ba, ya kamata a yi gada;

Bai kamata a sanya mai haɗawa (na waje) a saman ƙasa ba. Idan akwai babban bambanci mai yuwuwa tsakanin ma'ana A da aya B akan layin ƙasa a cikin adadi, ana iya haifar da radiation yanayin gama gari ta hanyar kebul na waje;

Lokacin zayyana PCBs don masu haɗin haɗin ɗimbin yawa, sai dai idan akwai buƙatu na musamman, yakamata ku tabbatar da cewa cibiyar sadarwar ƙasa ta kewaye kowane fil. Hakanan zaka iya shirya hanyar sadarwar ƙasa daidai lokacin da ake tsara fil don tabbatar da ci gaba da jirgin ƙasa da hana samar da slotting.