Dangane da tsarin samfurin, ana iya raba shi zuwa katako mai ƙarfi (allon katako), katako mai sassauƙa (kwamiti mai laushi), allon haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi, allon HDI da madaidaicin fakiti. Dangane da adadin rarrabuwar layin layi, ana iya raba PCB zuwa panel guda ɗaya, panel biyu da allon multilayer.

Farantin karfe

Halayen samfur: An yi shi da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwanƙwasa wanda ba shi da sauƙin lanƙwasa kuma yana da takamaiman ƙarfi. Yana da juriya na lanƙwasawa kuma yana iya ba da wasu goyan baya ga kayan lantarki da aka makala da shi. A m substrate hada gilashin fiber zane substrate, takarda substrate, composite substrate, yumbu substrate, karfe substrate, thermoplastic substrate, da dai sauransu.

Aikace-aikace: Kayan aiki na kwamfuta da cibiyar sadarwa, kayan sadarwa, sarrafa masana'antu da likitanci, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na'urorin lantarki na mota.

Farantin mai sassauƙa

Halayen samfur: Yana nufin allon da'ira da aka ƙera da sassauƙan insulating substrate. Ana iya lanƙwasa shi da yardar rai, rauni, naɗewa, tsara shi bisa ga ƙa'idodin shimfidar wuri, kuma a matsar da shi ba da gangan ba a cikin sarari mai girma uku. Don haka, ana iya haɗa haɗin haɗin sassa da haɗin waya.

Aikace-aikace: smart phones, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, kwamfutar hannu da sauran šaukuwa na'urorin lantarki.

M torsion bonding farantin

Halayen samfur: yana nufin allon da'irar da aka buga mai ɗauke da yanki ɗaya ko fiye da tsayi da sassa masu sassauƙa, ƙaramin ƙaramin allo mai sassauƙa na allo mai sassauƙa na ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan allon da'irar ƙasa haɗe lamination. Amfaninsa shi ne cewa zai iya ba da gudummawar goyon baya na farantin karfe, amma kuma yana da halaye na lankwasawa na faranti mai sassauƙa, kuma yana iya saduwa da bukatun taro mai girma uku.

Aikace-aikace: Babban kayan lantarki na likitanci, kyamarori masu ɗaukar hoto da kayan aikin kwamfuta mai nadawa.

HDI allo

Fasalolin samfur: Babban Haɗin Haɗin Haɗin Haɓakawa, wato, fasahar haɗin haɗin kai mai yawa, fasaha ce ta allo da aka buga. Ana kera allon HDI gabaɗaya ta hanyar shimfidawa, kuma ana amfani da fasahar hakowa ta Laser don haƙa ramuka a cikin shimfidar, ta yadda dukkan allon da'irar da aka buga ta samar da haɗin kai tare da ramukan binne da makafi a matsayin babban yanayin gudanarwa. Idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya Multi-Layer buga allon, HDI hukumar iya inganta wayoyi yawa na hukumar, wanda shi ne m ga yin amfani da ci-gaba marufi fasahar. Ana iya inganta ingancin siginar fitarwa; Hakanan zai iya sa samfuran lantarki su zama masu ƙarfi da dacewa a bayyanar.

Aikace-aikace: Musamman a fannin na'urorin lantarki masu yawan gaske, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, na'urorin lantarki da sauran kayayyakin dijital, daga cikinsu akwai wayoyin hannu da aka fi amfani da su. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da samfuran sadarwa, samfuran cibiyar sadarwa, samfuran uwar garken, samfuran mota har ma da samfuran sararin samaniya a cikin fasahar HDI.

Kunshin substrate

Siffofin samfur: wato, IC seal load plate, wanda ake amfani da shi kai tsaye don ɗaukar guntu, na iya samar da haɗin wutar lantarki, kariya, tallafi, zubar da zafi, haɗuwa da sauran ayyuka don guntu, don cimma nasarar multi-pin, rage girman girman samfurin fakitin, haɓaka aikin lantarki da ɓatar da zafi, ɗimbin yawa-mafi girma ko manufar ƙirar ƙirar guntu da yawa.

Filin aikace-aikacen: A fagen samfuran sadarwar wayar hannu kamar wayoyi masu wayo da kwamfutocin kwamfutar hannu, an yi amfani da abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su sosai. Irin su kwakwalwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don ajiya, MEMS don ganewa, RF kayayyaki don gano RF, kwakwalwan kwamfuta da sauran na'urori yakamata suyi amfani da marufi. An yi amfani da substrate ɗin fakitin sadarwa mai saurin gudu a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na bayanai da sauran fagage.

Nau'in na biyu an rarraba shi gwargwadon adadin layin layi. Dangane da adadin rarrabuwar layin layi, ana iya raba PCB zuwa panel guda ɗaya, panel biyu da allon multilayer.

Panel guda ɗaya

Allolin gefe guda ɗaya (Allolin gefe guda ɗaya) A mafi mahimmancin PCB, sassan sun tattara su a gefe ɗaya, waya ta tattara a daya gefen (akwai bangaren faci kuma wayar gefe ɗaya ce, sannan toshe- a cikin na'urar ne daya gefen). Domin wayar tana bayyana a gefe ɗaya kawai, wannan PCB ana kiransa Single-gefe. Saboda guda panel yana da ƙuntatawa da yawa a kan tsarin zane (saboda akwai gefe ɗaya kawai, wiring ba zai iya ƙetare ba kuma dole ne ya zagaya hanya daban), kawai da'irori na farko sun yi amfani da irin waɗannan allon.

Dual panel

Allolin da ke gefe biyu suna da wayoyi a bangarorin biyu, amma don amfani da wayoyi a bangarorin biyu, dole ne a sami hanyar da'ira mai kyau tsakanin bangarorin biyu. Wannan “gada” tsakanin da’irori ana kiranta rami matukin jirgi (via). Ramin matukin jirgi wani ƙaramin rami ne da aka cika shi da shi ko kuma an lulluɓe shi da ƙarfe akan PCB, wanda za'a iya haɗa shi da wayoyi daga bangarorin biyu. Domin yankin da ke cikin rukunin biyu ya ninka na guda ɗaya sau biyu, panel ɗin biyu yana warware wahalar haɗin waya a cikin panel guda ɗaya (ana iya ratsa shi ta cikin rami zuwa wancan gefe), kuma yana da ƙari. dace don amfani a cikin mafi hadaddun da'irori fiye da guda panel.

Alloli masu yawa Don haɓaka wurin da za'a iya yin waya, allunan nau'i-nau'i da yawa suna amfani da allunan waya masu gefe ɗaya ko biyu.

Al'adar da'ira da aka buga tare da Layer na ciki mai gefe biyu, Layer na waje mai gefe guda biyu ko na ciki mai gefe biyu, Layer waje mai gefe guda biyu, ta hanyar tsarin sakawa da kayan ɗaure masu rufewa a madadin tare kuma zane-zanen gudanarwa suna haɗuwa daidai da juna. zuwa buƙatun ƙira na allon da'ira da aka buga ya zama allon da'ira mai ɗawainiya mai ɗabi'a huɗu, wanda aka fi sani da allo mai ɗab'i da yawa.

Adadin yadudduka na allon baya nufin cewa akwai nau'ikan wayoyi masu zaman kansu da yawa, kuma a cikin lokuta na musamman, za'a ƙara kayan da ba komai a ciki don sarrafa kaurin allo, yawanci adadin yadudduka yana da ma'ana, kuma yana ɗauke da manyan yadudduka biyu. . Yawancin hukumar runduna tsari ne na 4 zuwa 8, amma a zahiri yana yiwuwa a cimma kusan yadudduka 100 na hukumar PCB. Yawancin manyan kwamfutoci suna amfani da babbar hanyar sadarwa ta multilayer, amma tunda irin waɗannan kwamfutoci ana iya maye gurbinsu da gungu na kwamfutoci da yawa na yau da kullun, allunan ultra-multilayer sun daina amfani da su. Saboda yadudduka da ke cikin PCB suna haɗuwa sosai, gabaɗaya ba abu ne mai sauƙi don ganin ainihin lambar ba, amma idan kun lura da hukumar a hankali, har yanzu ana iya gani.