Capacitors suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a ƙirar PCB mai sauri kuma galibi sune na'urar da aka fi amfani da ita akan PCBS. A cikin PCB, ana rarraba capacitors zuwa capacitors filter, decoupling capacitors, capacitors na makamashi, da sauransu.

1.Power fitarwa capacitor, tace capacitor

Mu yawanci muna komawa zuwa capacitor na shigarwar shigarwa da da'irori na tsarin wutar lantarki azaman capacitor mai tacewa. Fahimta mai sauƙi shine cewa capacitor yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na shigar da wutar lantarki. A cikin tsarin wutar lantarki, mai tace capacitor ya kamata ya zama babba kafin ƙarami. Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto, ana sanya capacitor mai tacewa babba sannan ƙarami a cikin hanyar kibiya.

Lokacin zayyana wutar lantarki, ya kamata a lura cewa wiring da fata na jan karfe suna da faɗi sosai kuma adadin ramukan ya isa don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin kwarara ya cika buƙatu. Ana kimanta nisa da adadin ramuka tare da na yanzu.

Ƙarfin shigar da wutar lantarki

Capacitor na shigar da wutar yana samar da madauki na yanzu tare da madauki mai sauyawa. Wannan madauki na yanzu ya bambanta da babban girma, Iout amplitude. Mitar ita ce mitar sauyawa. A yayin aiwatar da sauyawa na guntu na DCDC, halin yanzu da wannan madauki na yanzu ya yi yana canzawa, gami da sauri di/dt.

A cikin yanayin BUCK na aiki tare, hanyar ci gaba na yanzu yakamata ta wuce ta GND fil na guntu, kuma yakamata a haɗa capacitor na shigarwa tsakanin GND da Vin na guntu, don haka hanyar na iya zama gajere da kauri.

Yankin wannan zobe na yanzu yana da ƙananan isa, mafi kyawun radiation na waje na wannan zobe na yanzu zai kasance.

2.Decoupling capacitor
Fitin wutar lantarki na IC mai sauri yana buƙatar isassun masu haɗawa, zai fi dacewa ɗaya kowane fil. A cikin ainihin ƙira, idan babu sarari ga capacitor decoupling, ana iya share shi kamar yadda ya dace.
Ƙaƙwalwar ƙaddamarwa na fil ɗin samar da wutar lantarki na IC yawanci ƙananan, kamar 0.1μF, 0.01μF, da dai sauransu. Kunshin da ya dace kuma yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kamar 0402, kunshin 0603 da sauransu. Lokacin sanya capacitors decoupling, ya kamata a lura da wadannan maki.
(1) Sanya kusa da fitilun samar da wutar lantarki, in ba haka ba yana iya zama ba shi da tasirin yankewa. A ka'ida, capacitor yana da wani radius na yankewa, don haka ka'idar kusanci ya kamata a aiwatar da shi sosai.
(2) The decoupling capacitor zuwa wutar lantarki fil gubar ya zama gajere kamar yadda zai yiwu, kuma gubar ya zama mai kauri, yawanci fadin layin shine 8 ~ 15mil (1mil = 0.0254mm). Manufar kauri shine don rage tasirin gubar da kuma tabbatar da aikin samar da wutar lantarki.
(3) Bayan da wutar lantarki da kuma ƙasa fil na decoupling capacitor aka fitar da su daga walda kushin, buga ramukan kusa da kuma haɗa da wutar lantarki da jirgin sama. Har ila yau, gubar ya kamata a yi kauri, kuma rami ya zama babba kamar yadda zai yiwu. Idan za a iya amfani da rami mai buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen mil 10, kada a yi amfani da rami mai tsawon mil 8.
(4)Tabbatar cewa madauki na yankewa yana da ƙarami gwargwadon yiwuwa

3.Energy ajiya capacitor
Matsayin ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi shine tabbatar da cewa IC na iya samar da wutar lantarki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi gabaɗaya babba ne, kuma fakitin da ya dace shima babba ne. A cikin PCB, capacitor na ajiyar makamashi na iya yin nisa da na'urar, amma ba da nisa ba, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto. Yanayin ma'ajiyar makamashi gama gari ana nuna yanayin fan-rami a hoto.

Ka'idodin ramukan fan da igiyoyi sune kamar haka:
(1)Ledar yana da gajere kuma mai kauri gwargwadon yiwuwa, ta yadda za a sami ƙaramin inductance na parasitic.
(2)Don ma'ajin ajiyar makamashi, ko na'urori masu yawan wuce gona da iri, buga ramuka da yawa gwargwadon iko.
(3) Tabbas, mafi kyawun aikin lantarki na ramin fan shine ramin diski. Gaskiya na bukatar cikakken nazari