Saboda da hadaddun tsari na PCB masana'antu, a cikin tsare-tsaren da kuma gina na fasaha masana'antu, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da alaka da aiki na tsari da kuma management, sa'an nan gudanar da aiki da kai, bayanai da kuma m layout.
Rarraba tsari
Dangane da adadin yadudduka na PCB, an raba shi zuwa allo mai gefe guda, mai gefe biyu, da alluna masu yawa. Ayyukan hukumar guda uku ba iri ɗaya ba ne.
Babu wani tsari na Layer na ciki don bangarori masu gefe guda da masu gefe biyu, asali na yanke-hako-hakowa-na gaba.
Allolin Multilayer za su sami matakai na ciki
1) Gudun tsari guda ɗaya
Yankewa da edging → hakowa → zane mai zane na waje → (cikakkiyar allo plating zinariya) → etching → dubawa → siliki allo solder mask → (matakin iska mai zafi)
2) Tsari kwararar tin fesa allo mai gefe biyu
Yanke gefen niƙa → hakowa → nauyi jan ƙarfe → zane mai zane → plating, etching tin cire → hakowa na biyu → dubawa → allo bugu solder mask → filafin zinari → matakin iska mai zafi → haruffa siliki → sarrafa sifa → gwaji → gwaji
3) Tsarin plating nickel-gold mai gefe biyu
Yanke gefen niƙa → hakowa → kauri mai nauyi → zane mai zane na nickel plating, cire zinare da etching → hakowa na biyu → dubawa → mashin bugu na allo → haruffa buga allo → sarrafa sifa → gwaji → dubawa
4) Multi-Layer jirgin tin spraying tsari kwarara
Yanke da niƙa → hakowa saka ramuka → zanen ciki Layer → ciki Layer etching → dubawa → blackening → lamination → hakowa → nauyi jan karfe thickening → waje Layer graphics → kwano plating, etching tin cire → sakandare hakowa → dubawa → Silk allo solder mask → Gold -plated toshe → Haɓakar iska mai zafi → Haruffan allon siliki → sarrafa siffa → Gwaji → Dubawa
5) Tsarin tafiyar da nickel da plating na zinariya akan allunan multilayer
Yanke da niƙa → hakowa saka ramuka → zanen ciki Layer → ciki Layer etching → dubawa → blackening → lamination → hakowa → nauyi jan karfe thickening → waje Layer graphics → zinariya plating, film cire da etching → sakandare hakowa → dubawa → allo bugu solder mask → haruffan buga allo → sarrafa surar → gwaji → dubawa
6) Tsari kwarara na Multi-Layer farantin nutsewa nickel zinariya farantin
Yanke da niƙa → hakowa saka ramuka → zane na ciki Layer → ciki Layer etching → dubawa → blackening → lamination → hakowa → nauyi jan karfe thickening → waje Layer graphics → kwano plating, etching tin cire → Sakandare hakowa → dubawa →Silk allo solder mask →Chemical Immersion Nickel Zinariya →Haruffan allon siliki → sarrafa siffa → Gwaji →Duba
Samuwar Layer na ciki (canja wurin hoto)
Ciki Layer: yankan katako, ciki Layer pre-aiki, laminating, daukan hotuna, DES dangane
Yanke (Yanke allo)
1) Yanke allo
Manufa: Yanke manyan kayan cikin girman da MI ya kayyade bisa ga buƙatun tsari (yanke kayan da ake buƙata zuwa girman da aikin ke buƙata bisa ga buƙatun tsare-tsare na ƙira na farko)
Babban albarkatun kasa: farantin tushe, ruwan gani
An yi substrate daga takardar jan karfe da insulating laminate. Akwai ƙayyadaddun kauri daban-daban bisa ga buƙatun. Dangane da kauri na jan karfe, ana iya raba shi zuwa H/H, 1OZ/1OZ, 2OZ/2OZ, da dai sauransu.
Matakan kariya:
a. Don kauce wa tasirin katako na katako a kan inganci, bayan yankan, za a goge gefen kuma a zagaye.
b. Yin la'akari da tasirin fadadawa da raguwa, ana yin burodin yankan kafin a aika shi zuwa tsari
c. Yanke dole ne ya kula da ka'idar daidaitaccen shugabanci na inji
Edging / rounding: Ana amfani da polishing na inji don cire filayen gilashin da aka bari ta kusurwoyi na dama na bangarorin hudu na hukumar yayin yankewa, don rage raguwa / raguwa a kan saman jirgi a cikin tsarin samar da na gaba, yana haifar da matsalolin ingancin ɓoye.
Farantin yin burodi: cire tururin ruwa da rashin ƙarfi ta hanyar yin burodi, sakin damuwa na ciki, haɓaka halayen haɗin kai, da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali, kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai da ƙarfin injin farantin.
Wuraren sarrafawa:
Sheet abu: panel size, kauri, takardar irin, jan kauri
Aiki: lokacin yin burodi/zazzabi, tsayin daka
(2) Samar da Layer na ciki bayan yanke katako
Aiki da ka'ida:
Farantin tagulla na ciki wanda aka yi da farantin nika yana bushe ta farantin niƙa, kuma bayan busasshen fim ɗin IW an haɗa shi, an kunna shi da hasken UV (hasken ultraviolet), kuma busasshen fim ɗin da aka fallasa ya zama mai ƙarfi. Ba za a iya narkar da shi a cikin alkali mai rauni ba, amma ana iya narkar da shi a cikin alkali mai karfi. Za'a iya narkar da sashin da ba a bayyana ba a cikin alkali mai rauni, kuma kewayen ciki shine don amfani da halayen kayan aiki don canja wurin hotuna zuwa saman jan karfe, wato, canja wurin hoto.
Daki-daki
Mai ƙaddamar da hoto mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin juriya a cikin yankin da aka fallasa yana ɗaukar photons kuma yana raguwa zuwa radicals kyauta. The free radicals fara wani giciye-linked dauki na monomers don samar da sarari cibiyar sadarwa macromolecular tsarin da ba shi yiwuwa a tsarma alkali. Yana narkewa a cikin tsarma alkali bayan dauki.
Yi amfani da biyun don samun kaddarorin solubility daban-daban a cikin bayani iri ɗaya don canja wurin ƙirar da aka ƙera akan mara kyau zuwa maƙallan don kammala canja wurin hoto).
Tsarin kewaye yana buƙatar yanayin zafi mai girma da yanayin zafi, gabaɗaya yana buƙatar zafin jiki na 22+/-3 ℃ da zafi na 55+/- 10% don hana fim ɗin daga lalacewa. Ana buƙatar ƙurar da ke cikin iska ta zama babba. Yayin da yawan layukan ke ƙaruwa kuma layukan suka yi ƙanƙanta, ƙurar ƙurar ta yi ƙasa da ko daidai da 10,000 ko fiye.
Gabatarwar kayan aiki:
Dry film: Dry film photoresist a takaice fim ne mai juriya mai narkewa. Yawan kauri shine gaba ɗaya 1.2mil, 1.5mil da 2mil. An kasu kashi uku yadudduka: polyester kariya film, polyethylene diaphragm da photosensitive film. Matsayin diaphragm na polyethylene shine don hana wakili mai shinge na fim mai laushi daga jingina a saman fim ɗin kariya na polyethylene a lokacin sufuri da lokacin ajiya na fim din da aka yi birgima. Fim ɗin kariya zai iya hana iskar oxygen shiga cikin shingen shinge kuma ba da gangan ba tare da radicals kyauta a ciki don haifar da photopolymerization. Fim ɗin busasshen da ba a yi shi da shi ba yana sauƙin wanke shi ta hanyar maganin sodium carbonate.
Rigar fim: Rigar fim ɗin fim ne mai ɗaukar hoto mai kashi ɗaya, wanda akasari ya ƙunshi guduro mai ƙarfi, mai ji, launi, filler da ƙaramin ƙarfi. Dankin samarwa shine 10-15dpa.s, kuma yana da juriya na lalata da juriya na lantarki. , Hanyoyin suturar fim ɗin rigar sun haɗa da bugu na allo da fesa.
Gabatarwar tsari:
Hanyar hoton fim mai bushe, tsarin samarwa shine kamar haka:
Pre-treatment-lamination-exposure-development-etching-fim
Yi riga-kafi
Manufa: Cire gurɓataccen abu a saman jan ƙarfe, kamar grease oxide Layer da sauran ƙazanta, kuma ƙara ƙarancin saman jan ƙarfe don sauƙaƙe aikin lamination na gaba.
Babban albarkatun kasa: goga dabaran
Hanyar sarrafawa:
(1) Hanyar yashi da niƙa
(2) Hanyar magani
(3) Hanyar nika inji
Tushen hanyar maganin sinadarai: Yi amfani da sinadarai kamar SPS da sauran abubuwan acidic don cizon saman jan ƙarfe iri ɗaya don cire ƙazanta kamar maiko da oxides akan saman jan ƙarfe.
Tsabtace sinadarai:
Yi amfani da maganin alkaline don cire tabon mai, zanen yatsa da sauran datti na halitta akan saman jan karfe, sannan yi amfani da maganin acid don cire Layer oxide da murfin kariya akan asalin jan ƙarfe na asali wanda baya hana jan ƙarfe daga oxidized, kuma a ƙarshe yi micro- etching magani don samun busassun fim Cikakken roughened surface tare da kyau kwarai manne Properties.
Wuraren sarrafawa:
a. Gudun niƙa (2.5-3.2mm/min)
b. Saka nisa tabo (500# buroshin allura sa nisa tabo: 8-14mm, 800# masana'anta mara saƙa sa nisa tabo: 8-16mm), gwajin niƙa na ruwa, zafin bushewa (80-90 ℃)
Lamination
Manufa: Manna busasshen fim ɗin da ke hana lalatawa akan saman jan karfen da aka sarrafa ta hanyar latsawa mai zafi.
Babban kayan albarkatun kasa: fim mai bushe, nau'in hoto na bayani, nau'in hoto mai ruwa-ruwa, fim mai narkewa mai bushewa ya ƙunshi radicals na Organic acid, wanda zai amsa tare da alkali mai ƙarfi don sanya shi radicals Organic acid. Narkewa.
Ka'ida: Mirgine bushe fim (fim): da farko kwasfa fim ɗin kariya na polyethylene daga fim ɗin busassun, sa'an nan kuma liƙa busassun fim ɗin juriya a kan katako mai ɗorewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin dumama da matsa lamba, juriya a cikin busassun fim ɗin Layer ya zama mai laushi zafi da ruwansa yana karuwa. An kammala fim ɗin ta hanyar matsa lamba na abin nadi mai zafi da kuma aikin manne a cikin tsayayya.
Abubuwa uku na reel bushe fim: matsa lamba, zazzabi, saurin watsawa
Wuraren sarrafawa:
a. Gudun yin fim (1.5+/- 0.5m/min), matsa lamba na yin fim (5+/- 1kg/cm2), zafin yin fim (110+/——10 ℃), zafin fita (40-60 ℃)
b. Rigar fim ɗin rigar: dankon tawada, saurin shafi, kauri mai kauri, lokacin yin burodi / zafin jiki (minti 5-10 na gefen farko, mintuna 10-20 na gefe na biyu)
Bayyana
Manufa: Yi amfani da tushen hasken don canja wurin hoton a kan ainihin fim ɗin zuwa madaidaicin hoto.
Babban kayan albarkatun kasa: Fim ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Layer na ciki na fim ɗin fim ne mara kyau, wato, ɓangaren da ke watsa haske na fari yana da polymerized, kuma ɓangaren baƙar fata ba ya damewa kuma baya amsawa. Fim ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin layi na waje shine fim mai kyau, wanda shine akasin fim ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ciki.
Ka'idar busasshen bayyanar fim: Mai ƙaddamar da hotuna masu ɗaukar hoto a cikin juriya a cikin fallen yanki yana ɗaukar photons kuma yana lalacewa zuwa radicals kyauta. The free radicals fara giciye-linking dauki na monomers don samar da sarari cibiyar sadarwa macromolecular tsarin da ba zai iya narkewa a tsarma alkali.
Maƙasudin sarrafawa: daidaitattun jeri, makamashi mai fallasa, mai ɗaukar haske mai ɗaukar hoto (fim ɗin murfin aji 6-8), lokacin zama.
Haɓakawa
Manufa: Yi amfani da lye don wanke ɓangaren busasshen fim ɗin wanda bai sami maganin sinadari ba.
Babban albarkatun kasa: Na2CO3
Fim ɗin busassun da ba a yi amfani da shi ba an wanke shi, kuma busassun fim ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi yana riƙe da shi a saman allon a matsayin kariya mai kariya a lokacin etching.
Ka'idodin haɓakawa: Ƙungiyoyin da ke aiki a cikin ɓangaren da ba a bayyana ba na fim ɗin hotuna suna amsawa tare da maganin alkali mai tsarma don samar da abubuwa masu narkewa da narke, ta haka ne ke narkar da ɓangaren da ba a bayyana ba, yayin da fim ɗin bushe na ɓangaren da aka fallasa ba a narkar da shi ba.